Personal profile
Personal information
André Krouwel (1964) teaches political science and communication at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and is founder and co-owner of Kieskompas (Election Compass), a leading developer of Vote Advice Applications across the globe. Krouwel’s research focuses on political parties, elections, voting behaviour, public opinion, populism, Euroscepticism, extremism (versus political moderation) and conspiracy belief. He wrote his PhD on the transformation of political parties in Western Europe. Most important findings are captured in Party Transformations in European democracies at SUNY Press.
Krouwel has published articles and book chapters about voting behaviour, elections, political parties and social movements. His publications focus in particular on the changing character and role of political parties in European democracies and the rise (and fall) of new political parties and political ‘entrepreneurs’. More recent work also analyses (negative) political attitudes such as political cynicism, EU-rejectionism, political extremism and anti-establishment attitudes of voters across Europe. These studies highlight how populism, extremism and belief in conspiracies is related to political polarisation and how this affects party democracy and government formation. Additional publications highlight widespread feelings of economic precariousness of middle classes across the globe, the so-called 'squeezed middle'. Political transitions also feature in his work, from the political institution-building processes and democratisation in East and Central Europe after the fall of the Berlin Wall to the Arab Uprisings.
Krouwel’s interest in finding practical applications for scientific knowledge led to the development of an online party profiling application – Election Compass (Kieskompas). Such Vote Advice Applications allow voters to determine which political party is closest tot their own policy preferences. Used by millions of voters in more than 40 countries, Election Compass projects collect large-N non-probability samples that offer unique opportunities to study the decision-making mechanisms behind party choice.
Research
- Voting Advice via Internet
- Training Network in Electoral Democracy
- Vote Advice Research (http://www.voteadvice.org)
- Conspiracy Research Network (https://conspiracytheories.eu)
Teaching
- Comparative Politics
- The Governance and Politics of Social Problems
- Dutch Politics and Qualitative Methods
- Political Communication (@ University College Amsterdam)
- Media, Society and Politics
- New Media Challenges
- Political Participation and Protest
- MA thesis supervision Political Science, Communication Science and Journalism
Ancillary activities
Founder and co-owner of Kieskompas B.V. (Election Compass)
www.kieskompas.nl
Columnist VNG Magazine
Ancillary activities
- VNG Magazine | Den Haag | Columnist | 2022-11-01 - present
Ancillary activities are updated daily
User created Keywords
- Political Parties
- Conspiracy Belief
- Populism
- Euroskepticism
- Extremism
- Vote Advice Applications
- Voting behaviour
- Online polling
- Public opinion
Expertise related to UN Sustainable Development Goals
In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. This person’s work contributes towards the following SDG(s):
-
SDG 16 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
Fingerprint
- 1 Similar Profiles
Collaborations and top research areas from the last five years
-
Populist Publics’ Affinity for Nuclear Weapons? Explaining Opposition to the Nuclear Sharing Weapons in European Populist Publics
Etienne, T. W., Onderco, M., Destradi, S. & Krouwel, A., 6 Feb 2026, (E-pub ahead of print) In: International Studies Quarterly. 70, 1, 18 p., sqaf093.Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
Open Access -
A Populist Axis? Analyzing Connections Between Populist, Economic, and Cultural Dimensions of Political Space
Zhirnov, A., Thomeczek, J. P., Antonucci, L., Scotto Di Vettimo, M., Buma, R., Cristea, V., Kersting, N., Krouwel, A., Lange, S., López Ortega, D. A., Thompson, J. C., Di Stefano, R. & Ruggeri, F., 2026, In: Comparative Political Studies.Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
Open Access -
Citizens’ Trust in the European Union During Crisis and Conflicts Across 10 Countries
Kersting, N., Schütte, L., Scotto Di Vettimo, M., Lange, S., Thompson, J. C., Ruggeri, F., Di Stefano, R., Buma, R., Cristea, V., Antonucci, L., Krouwel, A., D’Ippoliti, C. & López Ortega, D. A., 2026, In: Politics and Governance. 14, 11116.Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
Open Access -
A global voting advice application for the US Election aimed at foreign audiences
Etienne, T. W., Bennett, N. V., Markis-McLean, L., Furstein, R. A., Kutiyski, Y., van Lindert, J., Pasquier, A. C., Moreda Laguna, O., Thomeczek, J. P. & Krouwel, A. P. M., 28 Nov 2025, In: Scientific Data. 12, 1, p. 1-14 14 p., 1906.Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
Open Access -
The epicenter of conspiracy belief: The economically left-leaning and culturally regressive spot in the political landscape
Buchmayr, F. & Krouwel, A., Oct 2025, In: Political Psychology. 46, 5, p. 1386-1412 27 p.Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
Open Access
Courses
Projects
- 2 Finished
-
Populism's Roots: Economic and Cultural Explanations in Democracies of Europe (PRECEDE)
Krouwel, A. (Principal Investigator), Cristea, V. (Project Researcher), Buma, R. (Project Researcher) & López Ortega, D. A. (Project Researcher)
1/06/20 → 31/12/23
Project: Research
-
TMT ECB: TMT Election Commission Bhutan: Mapping, GIS Operation and Fundamentals
Simao Da Graca Dias, E. (Project Researcher), Koomen, E. (Principal Investigator), Krouwel, A. (Project Researcher) & den Hartog, E. (Principal Investigator)
14/11/15 → 13/02/16
Project: Other
-
The rise of populist right and the Squeezed Middle Classes
Krouwel, A. (Speaker)
23 Jan 2020Activity: Lecture / Presentation › Academic
-
Financiering van Preventie: Politiek, Preventie en Gezondheid
Krouwel, A. (Participant)
26 Nov 2020Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Expert meeting › Societal
-
Start Conference PRECEDE Volkswagen Stiftung Project Populism
Krouwel, A. (Participant)
6 Jul 2020 → 9 Jul 2020Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Conference › Academic
-
Cost LGBTIQA+ Precarity
Krouwel, A. (Participant)
3 Nov 2020Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Expert meeting › Academic
-
VORTEX – Varieties of Radicalization, Terrorism and Extremism
Krouwel, A. (Participant)
5 Feb 2020 → 6 Feb 2020Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Conference › Academic
Prizes / Grants
-
De Tegel (categorie Nieuws Multi-Media)
de Vries, B. (Recipient) & Krouwel, A. (Recipient), 1 Dec 2006
Prize / Grant: Prize › Societal
-
e-Democracy Award for EUProfiler (cross-EU VAA)
Krouwel, A. (Recipient), 15 Sept 2019
Prize / Grant: Prize › Academic
Press/Media
-
https://www.hartvannederland.nl/nieuws/2020/complotdenkers-coronacrisis/
7/12/20
1 Media contribution
Press/Media: Research
-
https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/11/24/thierry-baudet-worstel-met-zijn-eigen-partij-maar-verdwijnt-nie/
24/11/20
1 Media contribution
Press/Media: Expert Comment
-
https://www.bnr.nl/podcast/ask-me-anything/10427095/onrust-forum-voor-democratie
24/11/20
1 Media contribution
Press/Media: Expert Comment
-
https://www.tijd.be/dossier/europareeks/baudet-nog-niet-uitgeteld-na-vertrek-als-boegbeeld-fvd/10267382.html
24/11/20
1 Media contribution
Press/Media: Expert Comment
-
https://joop.bnnvara.nl/nieuws/woede-over-homo-uitspraken-onderwijs-minister-arie-slob
10/11/20
1 Media contribution
Press/Media: Expert Comment
Datasets
-
sj-RData-11-eup-10.1177_14651165221080316 - Supplemental material for Beyond the U-curve: Citizen preferences on European integration in multidimensional political space
Toshkov, D. (Contributor) & Krouwel, A. (Contributor), figshare SAGE Publications, 1 Jan 2022
DOI: 10.25384/sage.19210521.v1, https://sage.figshare.com/articles/dataset/sj-RData-11-eup-10_1177_14651165221080316_-_Supplemental_material_for_Beyond_the_U-curve_Citizen_preferences_on_European_integration_in_multidimensional_political_space/19210521/1
Dataset / Software: Dataset
-
sj-RData-8-eup-10.1177_14651165221080316 - Supplemental material for Beyond the U-curve: Citizen preferences on European integration in multidimensional political space
Krouwel, A. (Contributor) & Toshkov, D. (Contributor), figshare SAGE Publications, 1 Jan 2022
DOI: 10.25384/sage.19210512.v1, https://sage.figshare.com/articles/dataset/sj-RData-8-eup-10_1177_14651165221080316_-_Supplemental_material_for_Beyond_the_U-curve_Citizen_preferences_on_European_integration_in_multidimensional_political_space/19210512/1
Dataset / Software: Dataset
-
sj-RData-7-eup-10.1177_14651165221080316 - Supplemental material for Beyond the U-curve: Citizen preferences on European integration in multidimensional political space
Toshkov, D. (Contributor) & Krouwel, A. (Contributor), figshare SAGE Publications, 1 Jan 2022
DOI: 10.25384/sage.19210509.v1, https://sage.figshare.com/articles/dataset/sj-RData-7-eup-10_1177_14651165221080316_-_Supplemental_material_for_Beyond_the_U-curve_Citizen_preferences_on_European_integration_in_multidimensional_political_space/19210509/1
Dataset / Software: Dataset
-
EllenbroekMeijersKrouwel2019.do
Ellenrboek, V. (Creator), Meijers, M. (Creator), Krouwel, A. (Creator) & Meijers, M. (Contributor), Harvard Dataverse, 2020
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/pbb57u/evoh3o, https://dataverse.harvard.edu/file.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/PBB57U/EVOH3O
Dataset / Software: Dataset
-
Replication Data for: Beyond the dichotomous vote: Can expressive ballots increase ideological congruence and decrease parliamentary polarization?
Ellenrboek, V. (Contributor), Meijers, M. (Contributor) & Krouwel, A. (Contributor), Unknown, 1 Jan 2020
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/pbb57u, https://doi.org/10.7910%2Fdvn%2Fpbb57u
Dataset / Software: Dataset