Комплексный мониторинг озёр Центрального Ямала на основе использования многоспектральных данных

The work is devoted to monitoring and mapping thermokarst lakes based on multispectral satellite data. It gives a description of lakes evolution details in Central Yamal through classification and with regard to qualitative changes in the lakes over the past ten years. To analyze and interpret images in the context of qualitative characteristics of water bodies and pattern recognition, the time series (1984-2018) of multispectral Landsat satellite images of Bovanenkovo region (Central Yamal training area) is used. It appeared that Yamal is characterized by permanently silty lakes (hyper-silty lakes, silty lakes, moderately silty lakes) and intermittently silty lakes (silty lakes with hyper-silty pulses, moderately silty lakes with silt pulses, almost silt-free lakes with silt pulses). Field data and Sentinel-2 images (2018-2019) are employed to derive water quality parameters and inherent optical properties. Our findings suggest that total suspended matter concentration is a major characteristic of Yamal thermokarst lakes (lake classes distinguishable in multispectral images by reflectance also differ in ranges of total suspended matter concentration). An additional result is that main scatterers (sources of “white particles”) of thermokarst lakes in Central Yamal are silts, clays and minerals, which increase water reflectivity due to high scattering and relatively low absorption. In order to obtain comprehensive results, including all possible ranges of water parameters, the creation of a specific Arctic bio-optical database is required.