碳交易背景下天津市电力行业碳排放强度与基准线

Power industry is one of the key participants in the cap-and-trade system of China. The research of regional carbon intensity and benchmarking of power industry conduces to proposing measures for regional carbon emissions reduction and meanwhile has great reference value for constructing the cap-and-trade system of China, especially for allowance allocation. By adopting data from 15 major power plants with 32 generator units in Tianjin City, we firstly calculated and analyzed the regional carbon intensity of power industry and then designed three scenarios for carbon emissions benchmarking along with an analysis of applicability for Tianjin City, which are actual emissions scenario, advanced value of current standards scenario and comprehensive emissions reduction scenario. The study shows: (1) In the industries with solid database and single product, adopting benchmarking method in allowance allocation is propitious to the rational distribution of carbon markets resources, hence promoting the low-carbon development of regional power industry. (2) The carbon intensity of Tianjin's power industry is 822.9 g/(kW•h) in 2014 and the intensity for coal-fired power and gas-fired power are 824.4 and 502.0 g/(kW•h) respectively. (3) Carbon intensity of electricity generation reflects the level of energy consumption and management of specific units. Coal-fired power units with high pressure and capacity conduce to the reduction of regional carbon emission from power industry. (4) Comprehensive emission reduction scenario is suitable for regions lacking local units, which is set under the consideration of both local carbon emission level and the benchmarking of other pilot provinces. As the toughest sets of benchmarking, the scenario might bring more pressure on the power companies, but the incentive effect for regional reduction is non-negligible, especially for companies running low capacity units with relatively high intensity.