Abstract
Recent research in neuroscience indicates the importance of tripartite synapses and gliotransmission mediated by astrocytes in neuronal system modulation. Although the astrocyte and neuronal network functions are interrelated, they are fundamentally different in their signaling patterns and, possibly, the time scales at which they operate. However, the exact nature of gliotransmission and the effect of the tripartite synapse function at the network level are currently elusive. In this paper, we propose a computational model of interactions between an astrocyte network and a neuron network, starting from tripartite synapses and spanning to a joint network level. Our model focuses on a two-dimensional setup emulating a mixed in vitro neuron-astrocyte cell culture. The model depicts astrocyte-released gliotransmitters exerting opposing effects on the neurons: increasing the release probability of the presynaptic neuron while hyperpolarizing the post-synaptic one at a longer time scale. We simulated the joint networks with various levels of astrocyte contributions and neuronal activity levels. Our results indicate that astrocytes prolong the burst duration of neurons, while restricting hyperactivity. Thus, in our model, the effect of astrocytes is homeostatic; the firing rate of the network stabilizes to an intermediate level independently of neuronal base activity. Our computational model highlights the plausible roles of astrocytes in interconnected astrocytic and neuronal networks. Our simulations support recent findings in neurons and astrocytes in vivo and in vitro suggesting that astrocytic networks provide a modulatory role in the bursting of the neuronal network.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 92 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-19 |
Number of pages | 19 |
Journal | Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience |
Volume | 13 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 22 Jan 2020 |
Funding
The authors thank Barbara Genocchi for her valuable comments on the manuscript. Funding. The research of KL, ES, and JH was supported by the 3DNeuroN project in the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Future and Emerging Technologies (grant agreement no 296590) and TEKES?the Finnish funding agency for innovation (Human Spare Part 2 Project). KL was funded by the Academy of Finland (decision nos. 314647, 326452). ES's project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement (No. 642563).
Funders | Funder number |
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European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Future and Emerging Technologies | |
European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme, Future and Emerging Technologies | |
Marie Sklodowska-Curie | |
TEKES?the Finnish funding agency for innovation | |
TEKES—the Finnish funding agency for innovation | |
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme | |
Seventh Framework Programme | 296590, 642563 |
Academy of Finland | 314647, 326452 |
Keywords
- astrocyte
- calcium signaling
- gliotransmission
- network
- neuron
- simulation