Abstract
Purpose: To determine the accuracy of glenoid bone loss–measuring methods and assess the influence of the imaging modality on the accuracy of the measurement methods. Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and Cochrane databases from 1994 to June 11, 2019. The guidelines and algorithm of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were used. Included for analysis were articles reporting the accuracy of glenoid bone loss–measuring methods in patients with anterior shoulder instability by comparing an index test and a reference test. Furthermore, articles were included if anterior glenoid bone loss was quantified using a ruler during arthroscopy or by measurements on plain radiograph(s), computed tomography (CT) images, or magnetic resonance images in living humans. The risk of bias was determined using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Results: Twenty-one studies were included, showing 17 different methods. Three studies reported on the accuracy of methods performed on 3-dimensional CT. Two studies determined the accuracy of glenoid bone loss–measuring methods performed on radiography by comparing them with methods performed on 3-dimensional CT. Six studies determined the accuracy of methods performed using imaging modalities with an arthroscopic method as the reference. Eight studies reported on the influence of the imaging modality on the accuracy of the methods. There was no consensus regarding the gold standard. Because of the heterogeneity of the data, a quantitative analysis was not feasible. Conclusions: Consensus regarding the gold standard in measuring glenoid bone loss is lacking. The use of heterogeneous data and varying methods contributes to differences in the gold standard, and accuracy therefore cannot be determined. Level of Evidence: Level IV, systematic review of Level II, III, and IV studies.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2295-2313.e1 |
| Journal | Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Aug 2020 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
The authors thank the clinical librarian F.S. van Etten?Jamaludin for helping them with the search. Furthermore, they thank P.R. Zwanenburg for the illustrations of the bone structures to illustrate the measurement methods. The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: M.P.J.v.d.B. received a research grant from Smith & Nephew and Wright/Tornier, outside the submitted work. D.F.P.v.D. receives research funding for the orthopaedic department from Wright Medical and receives fellowship funding from Smith & Nephew, outside the submitted work. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.