TY - JOUR
T1 - Adaptation to developmental diet influences the response to selection on age at reproduction in the fruit fly
AU - May, Christina M.
AU - van den Heuvel, Joost
AU - Doroszuk, Agnieszka
AU - Hoedjes, Katja M.
AU - Flatt, Thomas
AU - Zwaan, Bas J.
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Experimental evolution (EE) is a powerful tool for addressing how environmental factors influence life-history evolution. While in nature different selection pressures experienced across the lifespan shape life histories, EE studies typically apply selection pressures one at a time. Here, we assess the consequences of adaptation to three different developmental diets in combination with classical selection for early or late reproduction in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. We find that the response to each selection pressure is similar to that observed when they are applied independently, but the overall magnitude of the response depends on the selection regime experienced in the other life stage. For example, adaptation to increased age at reproduction increased lifespan across all diets; however, the extent of the increase was dependent on the dietary selection regime. Similarly, adaptation to a lower calorie developmental diet led to faster development and decreased adult weight, but the magnitude of the response was dependent on the age-at-reproduction selection regime. Given that multiple selection pressures are prevalent in nature, our findings suggest that trade-offs should be considered not only among traits within an organism, but also among adaptive responses to different—sometimes conflicting—selection pressures, including across life stages.
AB - Experimental evolution (EE) is a powerful tool for addressing how environmental factors influence life-history evolution. While in nature different selection pressures experienced across the lifespan shape life histories, EE studies typically apply selection pressures one at a time. Here, we assess the consequences of adaptation to three different developmental diets in combination with classical selection for early or late reproduction in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. We find that the response to each selection pressure is similar to that observed when they are applied independently, but the overall magnitude of the response depends on the selection regime experienced in the other life stage. For example, adaptation to increased age at reproduction increased lifespan across all diets; however, the extent of the increase was dependent on the dietary selection regime. Similarly, adaptation to a lower calorie developmental diet led to faster development and decreased adult weight, but the magnitude of the response was dependent on the age-at-reproduction selection regime. Given that multiple selection pressures are prevalent in nature, our findings suggest that trade-offs should be considered not only among traits within an organism, but also among adaptive responses to different—sometimes conflicting—selection pressures, including across life stages.
KW - ageing
KW - experimental evolution
KW - life-history evolution
KW - phenotypic plasticity
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U2 - 10.1111/jeb.13425
DO - 10.1111/jeb.13425
M3 - Article
C2 - 30735275
AN - SCOPUS:85062320939
SN - 1010-061X
VL - 32
SP - 425
EP - 437
JO - Journal of Evolutionary Biology
JF - Journal of Evolutionary Biology
IS - 5
ER -