TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the Prevalence of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular First Molar
T2 - A Multinational Cross-sectional Study with Meta-analysis
AU - Pertek Hatipoğlu, Fatma
AU - Mağat, Güldane
AU - Hatipoğlu, Ömer
AU - Taha, Nessrin
AU - Alfirjani, Suha
AU - Abidin, Imran Zainal
AU - Lehmann, Anna Paulina
AU - Alkhawas, Moataz Bellah Ahmed Mohamed
AU - Buchanan, Glynn Dale
AU - Kopbayeva, Maira
AU - Surendar, Sugumaran
AU - Javed, Muhammad Qasim
AU - Madfa, Ahmed A.
AU - Donnermeyer, David
AU - Krmek, Silvana Jukić
AU - Bhatti, Usman Anwer
AU - Palma, Paulo J.
AU - Brochado Martins, João Filipe
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 American Association of Endodontists
PY - 2023/5
Y1 - 2023/5
N2 - Background: An additional canal found in the mandibular first molar (M1M) is the middle mesial canal (MMC), which is often missed during root canal treatment. In this study, the prevalence of MMC in M1M on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images was evaluated in 15 countries, along with the effect of some demographic factors on its prevalence. Methods: Deidentified CBCT images were scanned retrospectively, and the ones including bilateral M1Ms were included in the study. A written and video instruction program explaining the protocol to be followed step-by-step was provided to all observers to calibrate them. The CBCT imaging screening procedure consisted of evaluating three planes (coronal, sagittal, and axial) after a 3-dimensional alignment of the long axis of the root(s). The presence of an MMC in M1Ms (yes/no) was identified and recorded. Results: In total, 6304 CBCTs, representing 12,608 M1Ms, were evaluated. A significant difference was found between countries (P < .05). MMC prevalence ranged from 1% to 23%, and the overall prevalence was 7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5%–9%). No significant differences were found between the left and right M1M (odds ratio = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.27; P > .05) or between genders (odds ratio= 1.07, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.27; P > .05). As for the age groups, no significant differences were found (P > .05). Conclusions: The prevalence of MMC varies by ethnicity, but it is generally estimated at 7% worldwide. Physicians must pay close attention to the presence of MMC in M1M, especially for opposite M1Ms, due to the prevalence of MMC being significantly bilateral.
AB - Background: An additional canal found in the mandibular first molar (M1M) is the middle mesial canal (MMC), which is often missed during root canal treatment. In this study, the prevalence of MMC in M1M on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images was evaluated in 15 countries, along with the effect of some demographic factors on its prevalence. Methods: Deidentified CBCT images were scanned retrospectively, and the ones including bilateral M1Ms were included in the study. A written and video instruction program explaining the protocol to be followed step-by-step was provided to all observers to calibrate them. The CBCT imaging screening procedure consisted of evaluating three planes (coronal, sagittal, and axial) after a 3-dimensional alignment of the long axis of the root(s). The presence of an MMC in M1Ms (yes/no) was identified and recorded. Results: In total, 6304 CBCTs, representing 12,608 M1Ms, were evaluated. A significant difference was found between countries (P < .05). MMC prevalence ranged from 1% to 23%, and the overall prevalence was 7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5%–9%). No significant differences were found between the left and right M1M (odds ratio = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.27; P > .05) or between genders (odds ratio= 1.07, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.27; P > .05). As for the age groups, no significant differences were found (P > .05). Conclusions: The prevalence of MMC varies by ethnicity, but it is generally estimated at 7% worldwide. Physicians must pay close attention to the presence of MMC in M1M, especially for opposite M1Ms, due to the prevalence of MMC being significantly bilateral.
KW - Cone-beam computed tomography
KW - endodontics
KW - prevalence studies
KW - root canal
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85151402457
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85151402457&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.joen.2023.02.012
DO - 10.1016/j.joen.2023.02.012
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85151402457
SN - 0099-2399
VL - 49
SP - 549
EP - 558
JO - Journal of endodontics
JF - Journal of endodontics
IS - 5
ER -