Biomaterials with Pro-Osteogenic and Antibacterial Functionalization for Oral Bone Tissue Engineering

In this thesis, different surface modification technologies were introduced to functionalize biomaterials with pro-osteogenic and antibacterial functions with an aim to coping with various adverse bone abnormalities in peri-implant supporting tissues. Magnetron sputtering and electrochemical anodization were applied to fabricate diameter-controllable TaNS coatings on the surface of zirconia implants. TaNS coatings significantly enhanced the osteogenesis both in-vitro and in-vivo. To enhance the antibacterial property of titanium implants, we successfully synthesized TNTs via electrochemical anodization and loaded pH-sensitive AL linker and AgNPs in TNTs. TNT-AL-AgNPs could serve as a pH-responsive drug delivery system: AgNPs was stored in TNT in normal pH condition while could be released in sufficient doses when pH value of the surrounding milieu became to 5.5 due to bacterial activity. This TNT-AL-AgNPs might present an effective approach to prevent periimplantitis. To endow the GBR membranes with antibacterial and pro-osteogenic functions, MgONPs and PTH were encapsulated in nanofiber through coaxial electrospinning. MgONPs-PCL/PTH-PCL significantly enhanced cell proliferation, ALP activity and extracellular matrix mineralization. In animal experiments, MgONPsPCL/PTH-PCL significantly improved osteogenesis in infected bone defects as well. Despite the nanofibers membranes, magnesium alloy (AZ31) is one of the promising membrane materials due to its sufficient mechanical strength, biodegradable, and biocompatible. The homogeneous uniformed Ga coatings were successfully deposited on the surface of AZ31 without obvious cracks through magnetron sputtering. Ga100/AZ31 significantly enhanced ALP activity and decreased the bacterial viability. In-depth mechanistic studies of how these new materials function under adverse conditions still need further work.