Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating on medical grade stainless steel improves surface properties and serves as a drug carrier for orthodontic applications

Menghong Li, Mingjie Wang, Lingfei Wei, Arie Werner, Yuelian Liu*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Objective: Recently, stainless steel (SSL) miniscrew implants have been used in orthodontic clinics as temporary anchorage devices. Although they have excellent physical properties, their biocompatibility is relatively poor. Previously, our group developed a two-phase biomimetic calcium phosphate (BioCaP) coating that can significantly improve the biocompatibility of medical devices. This study aimed to improve the biocompatibility of SSL by coating SSL surface with the BioCaP coating. Methods: Titanium (Ti) discs and SSL discs (diameter: 5 mm, thickness: 1 mm) were used in this study. To form an amorphous layer, the Ti discs were immersed in a biomimetic modified Tyrode solution (BMT) for 24 h. The SSL discs were immersed in the same solution for 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h. To form a crystalline layer, the discs were then immersed in a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution (CPS) for 48 h. The surface properties of the BioCaP coatings were analysed. In addition, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was incorporated into the crystalline layer during biomimetic mineralisation as a model protein. Results: The morphology, chemical composition and drug loading capacity of the BioCaP coating on smooth SSL were confirmed. This coating improved roughness and wettability of SSL surface. In vitro, with the extension of BMT coating period, the cell seeding efficiency, cell spreading area and cell proliferation on the BioCaP coating were increased. Significance: These in vitro results show that the BioCaP coating can improve surface properties of smooth medical grade SSL and serve as a carrier system for bioactive agents.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)152-161
Number of pages10
JournalDental Materials
Volume39
Issue number2
Early online date5 Jan 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This project was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2020QH162 ), National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 82100965 ), and Dutch Research Council (NWO, 729.001.041 ). Authors would like to thank David Alexander of Ways with Words English Language Services.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors

Funding

This project was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2020QH162 ), National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 82100965 ), and Dutch Research Council (NWO, 729.001.041 ). Authors would like to thank David Alexander of Ways with Words English Language Services.

FundersFunder number
National Natural Science Foundation of China82100965
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek729.001.041
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong ProvinceZR2020QH162
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

    Keywords

    • Average roughness
    • Biocompatibility
    • Biomimetics
    • Calcium phosphate
    • Stainless steel

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