Abstract
Neuropsychiatry searches to understand mental disorders in terms of underlying brain activity by using brain imaging technologies. The field promises to offer a more objective foundation for diagnostic processes and to help developing forms of treatment that target the symptoms of a specific mental disorder. However, brain imaging technologies also reveal the brain as a complex network, suggesting that mental disorders cannot be easily linked to specific brain areas. In this paper, we analyze a case study conducted at a neuropsychiatry laboratory to explore how the complexity of the human brain is managed in light of the project of explaining mental disorders in terms of their neurological substrates. We use a combination of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis to show how previously assigned diagnostic labels are constitutive of interpretations of experimental data and, therefore, remain unchallenged. Furthermore, we show how diagnostic labels become materialized in experimental design, in that the linking of symptoms of mental disorders to specific brain areas is treated as indicative of successfully designed experimental stimuli. In conclusion, we argue that while researchers acknowledge the complexity of the brain on a generic level, they do not grant this complexity to the brains of individuals diagnosed with a mental disorder.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 758-781 |
Number of pages | 24 |
Journal | BioSocieties |
Volume | 17 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 29 Aug 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Dec 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Acknowledgements We wish to thank the members of the laboratory studied in this paper for the willingness to open their doors for us. Many thanks as well to the editors of BioSocieties and three anonymous reviewers for providing constructive feedback. This research was made possible by VICI grant 277-20-006 of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
Keywords
- Complexity
- Conversation analysis
- Diagnostic categories
- Ethnomethodology
- Neuropsychiatry
- Technological mediation theory