Challenges and opportunities

Over the last fifty years, the major cities in western Europe and the United States have developed many ways of integrating immigrants and their children into their social, economic, and political fabric. This creates an opportunity to compare outcomes for similarly positioned groups of immigrant descent facing a variety of national and local integration policies and practices across roughly similar urban contexts. This concluding chapter focuses on Turkish second-generation youth in six large capital cities in Europe (Amsterdam, Berlin, Brussels, Paris, Stockholm, and Vienna) compared with Dominican second-generation youngsters in New York and their Mexican second-generation peers in Los Angeles, the two largest cities in the United States. Our conclusion draws on the previous thematic chapters as well as some additional analysis of the TIES, ISGMNY, and IIMMLA surveys.