TY - JOUR
T1 - Changes in the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the pandemic
T2 - a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
AU - Salanti, Georgia
AU - Peter, Natalie Luise
AU - Tonia, Thomy
AU - Holloway, Alexander
AU - Darwish, Leila
AU - Kessler, Ronald C.
AU - White, Ian
AU - Vigod, Simone N.
AU - Egger, Matthias
AU - Haas, Andreas D.
AU - Fazel, Seena
AU - Herrman, Helen
AU - Kieling, Christian
AU - Patel, Vikram
AU - Li, Tianjing
AU - Cuijpers, Pim
AU - Cipriani, Andrea
AU - Furukawa, Toshi A.
AU - Leucht, Stefan
AU - Nelson, Harrison
AU - Tsai, Tou Yuan
AU - Zucchetti, Andrea
AU - Rodolico, Alessandro
AU - Sharifan, Amin
AU - Solis, Ana Cristina
AU - Vita, Antonio
AU - Sato, Akira
AU - Lasserre, Aurélie M.
AU - Helfer, Bartosz
AU - Concerto, Carmen
AU - Igwesi-Chidobe, Chinonso
AU - Rios-Gonzalez, Carlos
AU - Zangani, Caroline
AU - Ceraso, Anna
AU - Baldez, Daniel Prates
AU - Demir, Dicle Dilay
AU - Sharma, Raman
AU - Kalocsányiová, Erika
AU - Ostinelli, Edoardo G.
AU - Lin, Ying Chun
AU - Invernizzi, Elena
AU - Beraldi, Gabriel Henrique
AU - Erzin, Gamze
AU - Dolores-Maldonado, Gandy
AU - Arrondo, Gonzalo
AU - Ottaviano, Giulia
AU - Wang, Yuan Pang
AU - Balbin-Ramón, Graciela J.
AU - Ho, Chin Yen
AU - Elkis, Helio
AU - Bighelli, Irene
AU - Liu, Yun Chen
AU - Hong, James S.W.
AU - Ballesteros, Javier
AU - Tian, Jing
AU - Schneckenburger, Johanna
AU - Lin, Jessie Jingxia
AU - Sambo, Abdulkadir Usman
AU - Smith, Katharine A.
AU - Feber, Lena
AU - Wewege, Michael A.
AU - Ma, Lin
AU - Trivella, Marialena
AU - Marchetti, Mattia
AU - Italia, Mauro
AU - Qin, Mengchang
AU - Lin, Yi Chih
AU - Sharma, Meenakshi
AU - Salahuddin, Nurul Husna
AU - Omae, Kenji
AU - Ostacher, Michael
AU - Virgillito, Rossella
AU - Ciray, Ogulcan
AU - Toyomoto, Rie
AU - Sahker, Ethan
AU - Cortese, Samuele
AU - Kishimoto, Sanae
AU - Covarrubias-Castillo, Sergio A.
AU - Sun, Letao
AU - Dong, Shimeng
AU - Kikuchi, Shino
AU - Hsia, Yun
AU - Ralovska, Silviya
AU - Thompson, Trevor
AU - Onishi, Akira
AU - Tu, Shiue Shiuan
AU - Shankar, Vidya Giri
AU - Chiocchia, Virginia
AU - Zhu, Yikang
AU - Yoshida, Kazufumi
AU - Tu, Yu Kang
AU - Wang, Dongfang
AU - the MHCOVID Crowd Investigators
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Aim To describe the pattern of the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the impact of containment measures on these trends. Methods We identified articles published until 30 August 2021 that reported the prevalence of mental health problems in the general population at two or more time points. A crowd of 114 reviewers extracted data on prevalence, study and participant characteristics. We collected information on the number of days since the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in the study country, the stringency of containment measures and the number of cases and deaths. We synthesised changes in prevalence during the pandemic using a random-effects model. We used dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the trajectory of the changes in mental health problems. Results We included 41 studies for 7 mental health conditions. The average odds of symptoms increased during the pandemic (mean OR ranging from 1.23 to 2.08). Heterogeneity was very large and could not be explained by differences in participants or study characteristics. Average odds of psychological distress, depression and anxiety increased during the first 2 months of the pandemic, with increased stringency of the measures, reported infections and deaths. The confidence in the evidence was low to very low. Conclusions We observed an initial increase in the average risk of psychological distress, depression-related and anxiety-related problems during the first 2 months of the pandemic. However, large heterogeneity suggests that different populations had different responses to the challenges imposed by the pandemic.
AB - Aim To describe the pattern of the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the impact of containment measures on these trends. Methods We identified articles published until 30 August 2021 that reported the prevalence of mental health problems in the general population at two or more time points. A crowd of 114 reviewers extracted data on prevalence, study and participant characteristics. We collected information on the number of days since the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in the study country, the stringency of containment measures and the number of cases and deaths. We synthesised changes in prevalence during the pandemic using a random-effects model. We used dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the trajectory of the changes in mental health problems. Results We included 41 studies for 7 mental health conditions. The average odds of symptoms increased during the pandemic (mean OR ranging from 1.23 to 2.08). Heterogeneity was very large and could not be explained by differences in participants or study characteristics. Average odds of psychological distress, depression and anxiety increased during the first 2 months of the pandemic, with increased stringency of the measures, reported infections and deaths. The confidence in the evidence was low to very low. Conclusions We observed an initial increase in the average risk of psychological distress, depression-related and anxiety-related problems during the first 2 months of the pandemic. However, large heterogeneity suggests that different populations had different responses to the challenges imposed by the pandemic.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical
KW - Depression
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196241973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85196241973&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bmjment-2024-301018
DO - 10.1136/bmjment-2024-301018
M3 - Article
C2 - 38876492
AN - SCOPUS:85196241973
SN - 2755-9734
VL - 27
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - BMJ Mental Health
JF - BMJ Mental Health
IS - 1
M1 - e301018
ER -