TY - JOUR
T1 - Chronic childhood constipation: A review of the literature and the introduction of a protocolized behavioral intervention program
AU - Benninga, M.A.
AU - Grootenhuis, M.A.
AU - Nieuwenhuizen, A.M.
AU - Last, B.F.
AU - van Dijk, M
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Objective: To release a newly protocolized behavioral intervention program for children with chronic constipation aged 4-18 years with guidance from literature about underlying theories from which the treatment techniques follow. Methods: Articles until July 2006 were identified through electronic searches in Medline, PsychInfo and Picarta. There was no limit placed on the time periods searched. Following keywords were used: constipation, encopresis, fecal incontinence, psychotherapy, emotions, randomized controlled trials, parent-child relations, parents, family, psychology, behavioral, behavioral problems, psychopathology, toilet, social, psychosocial, pain, retentive posturing, stool withholding, stool toileting refusal, shame, stress, anxiety. A filter was used to select literature referring to children 0-18 years old. Key constructs and content of sessions for a protocolized behavioral intervention program are derived from literature. Results: Seventy-one articles on chronic childhood constipation are critically reviewed and categorized into sections on epidemiology, symptomatology, etiology and consequences, treatment and effectivity, and follow-up on chronic childhood constipation. This is followed by an extensive description of our protocolized behavioral intervention program. Conclusion: This is the first article on childhood constipation presenting a full and transparent description of a behavioral intervention program embedded in literature. In addition, a theoretical framework is provided that can serve as a trial paradigm to evaluate intervention effectiveness. Practice implications: This article can serve as an extensive guideline in routine practice to treat chronically constipated children. By releasing our protocolized behavioral intervention program and by offering a theoretical framework we expect to provide a good opportunity to evaluate clinical effectivity by both randomized controlled trials and qualitative research methods. Findings will contribute to the implementation of an effective treatment for chronic constipation in childhood. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
AB - Objective: To release a newly protocolized behavioral intervention program for children with chronic constipation aged 4-18 years with guidance from literature about underlying theories from which the treatment techniques follow. Methods: Articles until July 2006 were identified through electronic searches in Medline, PsychInfo and Picarta. There was no limit placed on the time periods searched. Following keywords were used: constipation, encopresis, fecal incontinence, psychotherapy, emotions, randomized controlled trials, parent-child relations, parents, family, psychology, behavioral, behavioral problems, psychopathology, toilet, social, psychosocial, pain, retentive posturing, stool withholding, stool toileting refusal, shame, stress, anxiety. A filter was used to select literature referring to children 0-18 years old. Key constructs and content of sessions for a protocolized behavioral intervention program are derived from literature. Results: Seventy-one articles on chronic childhood constipation are critically reviewed and categorized into sections on epidemiology, symptomatology, etiology and consequences, treatment and effectivity, and follow-up on chronic childhood constipation. This is followed by an extensive description of our protocolized behavioral intervention program. Conclusion: This is the first article on childhood constipation presenting a full and transparent description of a behavioral intervention program embedded in literature. In addition, a theoretical framework is provided that can serve as a trial paradigm to evaluate intervention effectiveness. Practice implications: This article can serve as an extensive guideline in routine practice to treat chronically constipated children. By releasing our protocolized behavioral intervention program and by offering a theoretical framework we expect to provide a good opportunity to evaluate clinical effectivity by both randomized controlled trials and qualitative research methods. Findings will contribute to the implementation of an effective treatment for chronic constipation in childhood. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
U2 - 10.1016/j.pec.2007.02.002
DO - 10.1016/j.pec.2007.02.002
M3 - Article
SN - 0738-3991
VL - 67
SP - 63
EP - 77
JO - Patient Education and Counseling
JF - Patient Education and Counseling
ER -