Cognitive Load and Parental Management of ADHD: An Adaptive Dynamical System Model of Decision-Making and Mental Health Impact

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent developmental problem in children and is highly heritable. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by impulsivity, hyperactivity, and persistent patterns of inattention. The paper concentrates on kids between the ages of 7 and 12. During this crucial developmental stage ADHD symptoms can have a major influence on everyday functioning and achievement. Additionally, the overall amount of mental effort expended in working memory is referred to as cognitive load. For example, a parent balancing work responsibilities, household tasks, and managing their child's ADHD-related needs experiences both external and internal cognitive load. This paper investigates the interactions and effects on parental mental health between internal cognitive load—resulting from the unique demands of their child's condition—and external cognitive load— arising from their other duties. Data show that parents experiencing high cognitive load may be less able to help their children consistently and effectively, which might result in more stress and mental health issues. By examining the interplay between a child's needs and a parent's cognitive processes, it is intended to provide insights that can be applied to understand more complex caring scenarios. To better understand the underlying adaptive dynamics, the paper proposes an adaptive dynamical system model focusing on the mental processes of parents managing children with ADHD. The findings suggest that children with ADHD require consistent and effective support from parents whose cognitive load is not overly taxed by other responsibilities. This paper's insights could be applicable to wider caregiving situations, providing a framework for understanding and mitigating the impacts of cognitive load on parental mental health and child management.