Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors

Natalia Tesli; Piotr Jaholkowski; Unn K. Haukvik; Andreas Jangmo; Marit Haram; Jaroslav Rokicki; Christine Friestad; Jorim J. Tielbeek; Øyvind Næss; Torbjørn Skardhamar; Kristin Gustavson; Helga Ask; Seena Fazel; Martin Tesli; Ole A. Andreassen

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628

Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors

Natalia Tesli^*, Piotr Jaholkowski, Unn K. Haukvik, Andreas Jangmo, Marit Haram, Jaroslav Rokicki, Christine Friestad, Jorim J. Tielbeek, Øyvind Næss, Torbjørn Skardhamar, Kristin Gustavson, Helga Ask, Seena Fazel, Martin Tesli, Ole A. Andreassen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Conduct disorder (CD), a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, is characterized by antisocial behavior. Despite similarities with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and possible diagnostic continuity, CD has been shown to precede a range of adult-onset mental disorders. Additionally, little is known about the putative shared genetic liability between CD and adult-onset mental disorders and the underlying gene-environment interplay. Here, we interrogated comorbidity between CD and other mental disorders from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (n = 114 500) and investigated how polygenic risk scores (PRS) for mental health traits were associated with CD/CD traits in childhood and adolescence. Gene-environment interplay patterns for CD was explored with data on bullying and parental education. We found CD to be comorbid with several child and adult-onset mental disorders. This phenotypic overlap corresponded with associations between PRS for mental disorders and CD. Additionally, our findings support an additive gene-environment model. Previously conceptualized as a precursor of ASPD, we found that CD was associated with polygenic risk for several child- and adult-onset mental disorders. High comorbidity of CD with other psychiatric disorders reflected on the genetic level should inform research studies, diagnostic assessments and clinical follow-up of this heterogenous group.

Original language	English
Article number	115628
Pages (from-to)	1-10
Number of pages	10
Journal	Psychiatry Research
Volume	331
Early online date	25 Nov 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628
Publication status	Published - Jan 2024

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services and the Ministry of Education and Research . This research is part of the HARVEST collaboration, supported by the Research Council of Norway ( #229624 ). The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) provided genotype data, funded by the Research Council of Norway ( #223273 ), South East Norway Health Authorities, and Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen. The Center for Diabetes Research, the University of Bergen, provided genotype data funded by the ERC AdG project SELECTionPREDISPOSED, Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen, the Trond Mohn Foundation, The Research Council of Norway, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the University of Bergen, and The Western Norway Health Authorities. This research was supported by South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority grant ( #2019117 ), the European Economic Area and Norway Grant ( #EEA-RO NO-2018 0535 ) and the US National Institute of Mental Health grant ( #R01MH123724 ).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023

Funding

The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services and the Ministry of Education and Research . This research is part of the HARVEST collaboration, supported by the Research Council of Norway ( #229624 ). The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) provided genotype data, funded by the Research Council of Norway ( #223273 ), South East Norway Health Authorities, and Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen. The Center for Diabetes Research, the University of Bergen, provided genotype data funded by the ERC AdG project SELECTionPREDISPOSED, Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen, the Trond Mohn Foundation, The Research Council of Norway, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the University of Bergen, and The Western Norway Health Authorities. This research was supported by South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority grant ( #2019117 ), the European Economic Area and Norway Grant ( #EEA-RO NO-2018 0535 ) and the US National Institute of Mental Health grant ( #R01MH123724 ).

Funders	Funder number
European Economic Area and Norway	#EEA-RO NO-2018 0535
Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research	223273
South East Norway Health Authorities
Western Norway health Authorities
National Institute of Mental Health	01MH123724
National Institute of Mental Health
Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen
Trond Mohn stiftelse
European Research Council
Helse- og Omsorgsdepartementet
Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium
Universitetet i Bergen
Norges forskningsråd	229624
Norges forskningsråd
Helse Sør-Øst RHF	2019117
Helse Sør-Øst RHF
Novo Nordisk Fonden

Keywords

Antisocial behavior
Bullying
Genetic liability
MoBa
Polygenic scores

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10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628

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Tesli, N., Jaholkowski, P., Haukvik, U. K., Jangmo, A., Haram, M., Rokicki, J., Friestad, C., Tielbeek, J. J., Næss, Ø., Skardhamar, T., Gustavson, K., Ask, H., Fazel, S., Tesli, M., & Andreassen, O. A. (2024). Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors. Psychiatry Research, 331, 1-10. Article 115628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628

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title = "Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors",

abstract = "Conduct disorder (CD), a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, is characterized by antisocial behavior. Despite similarities with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and possible diagnostic continuity, CD has been shown to precede a range of adult-onset mental disorders. Additionally, little is known about the putative shared genetic liability between CD and adult-onset mental disorders and the underlying gene-environment interplay. Here, we interrogated comorbidity between CD and other mental disorders from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (n = 114 500) and investigated how polygenic risk scores (PRS) for mental health traits were associated with CD/CD traits in childhood and adolescence. Gene-environment interplay patterns for CD was explored with data on bullying and parental education. We found CD to be comorbid with several child and adult-onset mental disorders. This phenotypic overlap corresponded with associations between PRS for mental disorders and CD. Additionally, our findings support an additive gene-environment model. Previously conceptualized as a precursor of ASPD, we found that CD was associated with polygenic risk for several child- and adult-onset mental disorders. High comorbidity of CD with other psychiatric disorders reflected on the genetic level should inform research studies, diagnostic assessments and clinical follow-up of this heterogenous group.",

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author = "Natalia Tesli and Piotr Jaholkowski and Haukvik, {Unn K.} and Andreas Jangmo and Marit Haram and Jaroslav Rokicki and Christine Friestad and Tielbeek, {Jorim J.} and {\O}yvind N{\ae}ss and Torbj{\o}rn Skardhamar and Kristin Gustavson and Helga Ask and Seena Fazel and Martin Tesli and Andreassen, {Ole A.}",

note = "Funding Information: The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services and the Ministry of Education and Research . This research is part of the HARVEST collaboration, supported by the Research Council of Norway ( #229624 ). The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) provided genotype data, funded by the Research Council of Norway ( #223273 ), South East Norway Health Authorities, and Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen. The Center for Diabetes Research, the University of Bergen, provided genotype data funded by the ERC AdG project SELECTionPREDISPOSED, Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen, the Trond Mohn Foundation, The Research Council of Norway, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the University of Bergen, and The Western Norway Health Authorities. This research was supported by South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority grant ( #2019117 ), the European Economic Area and Norway Grant ( #EEA-RO NO-2018 0535 ) and the US National Institute of Mental Health grant ( #R01MH123724 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023",

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Tesli, N, Jaholkowski, P, Haukvik, UK, Jangmo, A, Haram, M, Rokicki, J, Friestad, C, Tielbeek, JJ, Næss, Ø, Skardhamar, T, Gustavson, K, Ask, H, Fazel, S, Tesli, M & Andreassen, OA 2024, 'Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors', Psychiatry Research, vol. 331, 115628, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115628

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AU - Jangmo, Andreas

AU - Haram, Marit

AU - Rokicki, Jaroslav

AU - Friestad, Christine

AU - Tielbeek, Jorim J.

AU - Næss, Øyvind

AU - Skardhamar, Torbjørn

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AU - Fazel, Seena

AU - Tesli, Martin

AU - Andreassen, Ole A.

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Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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Keywords

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