Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: Single motor unit matrix

Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Roger M. Enoka, Aleš Holobar, Kevin McGill, Dario Farina, Manuela Besomi, François Hug, Deborah Falla, Richard G. Carson, Edward A. Clancy, Catherine Disselhorst-Klug, Jaap H. van Dieën, Kylie Tucker, Simon Gandevia, Madeleine Lowery, Karen Søgaard, Thor Besier, Roberto Merletti, Matthew C. Kiernan, John C. RothwellEric Perreault, Paul W. Hodges*

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

The analysis of single motor unit (SMU) activity provides the foundation from which information about the neural strategies underlying the control of muscle force can be identified, due to the one-to-one association between the action potentials generated by an alpha motor neuron and those received by the innervated muscle fibers. Such a powerful assessment has been conventionally performed with invasive electrodes (i.e., intramuscular electromyography (EMG)), however, recent advances in signal processing techniques have enabled the identification of single motor unit (SMU) activity in high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) recordings. This matrix, developed by the Consensus for Experimental Design in Electromyography (CEDE) project, provides recommendations for the recording and analysis of SMU activity with both invasive (needle and fine-wire EMG) and non-invasive (HDsEMG) SMU identification methods, summarizing their advantages and disadvantages when used during different testing conditions. Recommendations for the analysis and reporting of discharge rate and peripheral (i.e., muscle fiber conduction velocity) SMU properties are also provided. The results of the Delphi process to reach consensus are contained in an appendix. This matrix is intended to help researchers to collect, report, and interpret SMU data in the context of both research and clinical applications.

Original languageEnglish
Article number102726
Pages (from-to)1-14
Number of pages14
JournalJournal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Volume68
Early online date28 Nov 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The CEDE group wishes to acknowledge the contribution of Prof. Dario G. Liebermann, the special editor for this series, for his critical assessment of the first version of this paper which substantially helped in refining it. We acknowledge the financial and intellectual support provided by the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology (ISEK) for the CEDE project.

Funding Information:
MML is supported by the European Research Council Grant (ERC-2014- CoG-646923_DBSModel). PWH is supported by an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship (APP1102905). MCK was supported by the NHMRC Program Grant (APP1132524), Partnership Project (APP1153439) and Practitioner Fellowship (APP1156093). AH is supported by Slovenian Research Agency (projects J2-1731 and L7-9421 and Program funding P2-0041). FH is supported by a fellowship from the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF). DF is supported by the European Research Council (ERC; 810346) and by the Royal Society (Wolfson Research Merit Award).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

  • High-density surface electromyography
  • Intramuscular electromyography
  • Motor neuron
  • Motor unit

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