Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks

Erik Wilmes; Bram J C Bastiaansen; Cornelis J de Ruiter; Riemer J K Vegter; Michel S Brink; Hidde Weersma; Edwin A Goedhart; Koen A P M Lemmink; Geert J P Savelsbergh

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194

Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks

Erik Wilmes
, Bram J C Bastiaansen
, Cornelis J de Ruiter
, Riemer J K Vegter
, Michel S Brink
, Hidde Weersma
, Edwin A Goedhart
, Koen A P M Lemmink
, Geert J P Savelsbergh

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

PURPOSE: To determine the test-retest reliability of the recently developed Hip Load metric, evaluate its construct validity, and assess the differences with Playerload during football-specific short-distance shuttle runs.

METHODS: Eleven amateur football players participated in 2 identical experimental sessions. Each session included 3 different shuttle runs that were performed at 2 pace-controlled running intensities. The runs consisted of only running, running combined with kicks, and running combined with jumps. Cumulative Playerload and Hip Loads of the preferred and nonpreferred kicking leg were collected for each shuttle run. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlations, coefficients of variation, and Bland-Altman analyses. To compare the load metrics with each other, they were normalized to their respective values obtained during a 54-m run at 9 km/h. Sensitivity of each load metric to running intensity, kicks, and jumps was assessed using separate linear mixed models.

RESULTS: Intraclass correlations were high for the Hip Loads of the preferred kicking leg (.91) and the nonpreferred kicking leg (.96) and moderate for the Playerload (.87). The effects (95% CIs) of intensity and kicks on the normalized Hip Load of the kicking leg (intensity: 0.95 to 1.50, kicks: 0.36 to 1.59) and nonkicking leg (intensity: 0.96 to 1.53, kicks: 0.06 to 1.34) were larger than on the normalized Playerload (intensity: 0.12 to 0.25, kicks: 0.22 to 0.53).

CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of Hip Load in training load quantification may help sport practitioners to better balance load and recovery.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3-10
Number of pages	8
Journal	International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
Volume	18
Issue number	1
Early online date	1 Dec 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194
Publication status	Published - Jan 2023

Funding

The authors would like to thankfully acknowledge the Dutch Royal Football Association (KNVB) for facilitating the research program by giving access to their research facilities. This work is part of the research program “Citius Altius Sanius” with project number P16-28 project 6, which is (partly) financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). The funders had no role in the design of the study; collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; writing of the manuscript; or decision to publish the results. Author Contributions: Wilmes and Bastiaansen contributed equally to this work.

Funders	Funder number
Koninklijke Nederlandse Voetbalbond
Dutch Royal Football Association
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Citius Altius Sanius	P16-28

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 10 Reduced Inequalities

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Wilmes, E., Bastiaansen, B. J. C., de Ruiter, C. J., Vegter, R. J. K., Brink, M. S., Weersma, H., Goedhart, E. A., Lemmink, K. A. P. M., & Savelsbergh, G. J. P. (2023). Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 18(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194

@article{526baca7dab44111856d8ef2c507602c,

title = "Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks",

abstract = "PURPOSE: To determine the test-retest reliability of the recently developed Hip Load metric, evaluate its construct validity, and assess the differences with Playerload during football-specific short-distance shuttle runs.METHODS: Eleven amateur football players participated in 2 identical experimental sessions. Each session included 3 different shuttle runs that were performed at 2 pace-controlled running intensities. The runs consisted of only running, running combined with kicks, and running combined with jumps. Cumulative Playerload and Hip Loads of the preferred and nonpreferred kicking leg were collected for each shuttle run. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlations, coefficients of variation, and Bland-Altman analyses. To compare the load metrics with each other, they were normalized to their respective values obtained during a 54-m run at 9 km/h. Sensitivity of each load metric to running intensity, kicks, and jumps was assessed using separate linear mixed models.RESULTS: Intraclass correlations were high for the Hip Loads of the preferred kicking leg (.91) and the nonpreferred kicking leg (.96) and moderate for the Playerload (.87). The effects (95\% CIs) of intensity and kicks on the normalized Hip Load of the kicking leg (intensity: 0.95 to 1.50, kicks: 0.36 to 1.59) and nonkicking leg (intensity: 0.96 to 1.53, kicks: 0.06 to 1.34) were larger than on the normalized Playerload (intensity: 0.12 to 0.25, kicks: 0.22 to 0.53).CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of Hip Load in training load quantification may help sport practitioners to better balance load and recovery.",

author = "Erik Wilmes and Bastiaansen, \{Bram J C\} and \{de Ruiter\}, \{Cornelis J\} and Vegter, \{Riemer J K\} and Brink, \{Michel S\} and Hidde Weersma and Goedhart, \{Edwin A\} and Lemmink, \{Koen A P M\} and Savelsbergh, \{Geert J P\}",

year = "2023",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194",

language = "English",

volume = "18",

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Wilmes, E, Bastiaansen, BJC, de Ruiter, CJ, Vegter, RJK, Brink, MS, Weersma, H, Goedhart, EA, Lemmink, KAPM & Savelsbergh, GJP 2023, 'Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194

Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks. / Wilmes, Erik; Bastiaansen, Bram J C; de Ruiter, Cornelis J et al.
In: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, Vol. 18, No. 1, 01.2023, p. 3-10.

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks

AU - Wilmes, Erik

AU - Bastiaansen, Bram J C

AU - de Ruiter, Cornelis J

AU - Vegter, Riemer J K

AU - Brink, Michel S

AU - Weersma, Hidde

AU - Goedhart, Edwin A

AU - Lemmink, Koen A P M

AU - Savelsbergh, Geert J P

PY - 2023/1

Y1 - 2023/1

N2 - PURPOSE: To determine the test-retest reliability of the recently developed Hip Load metric, evaluate its construct validity, and assess the differences with Playerload during football-specific short-distance shuttle runs.METHODS: Eleven amateur football players participated in 2 identical experimental sessions. Each session included 3 different shuttle runs that were performed at 2 pace-controlled running intensities. The runs consisted of only running, running combined with kicks, and running combined with jumps. Cumulative Playerload and Hip Loads of the preferred and nonpreferred kicking leg were collected for each shuttle run. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlations, coefficients of variation, and Bland-Altman analyses. To compare the load metrics with each other, they were normalized to their respective values obtained during a 54-m run at 9 km/h. Sensitivity of each load metric to running intensity, kicks, and jumps was assessed using separate linear mixed models.RESULTS: Intraclass correlations were high for the Hip Loads of the preferred kicking leg (.91) and the nonpreferred kicking leg (.96) and moderate for the Playerload (.87). The effects (95% CIs) of intensity and kicks on the normalized Hip Load of the kicking leg (intensity: 0.95 to 1.50, kicks: 0.36 to 1.59) and nonkicking leg (intensity: 0.96 to 1.53, kicks: 0.06 to 1.34) were larger than on the normalized Playerload (intensity: 0.12 to 0.25, kicks: 0.22 to 0.53).CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of Hip Load in training load quantification may help sport practitioners to better balance load and recovery.

AB - PURPOSE: To determine the test-retest reliability of the recently developed Hip Load metric, evaluate its construct validity, and assess the differences with Playerload during football-specific short-distance shuttle runs.METHODS: Eleven amateur football players participated in 2 identical experimental sessions. Each session included 3 different shuttle runs that were performed at 2 pace-controlled running intensities. The runs consisted of only running, running combined with kicks, and running combined with jumps. Cumulative Playerload and Hip Loads of the preferred and nonpreferred kicking leg were collected for each shuttle run. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlations, coefficients of variation, and Bland-Altman analyses. To compare the load metrics with each other, they were normalized to their respective values obtained during a 54-m run at 9 km/h. Sensitivity of each load metric to running intensity, kicks, and jumps was assessed using separate linear mixed models.RESULTS: Intraclass correlations were high for the Hip Loads of the preferred kicking leg (.91) and the nonpreferred kicking leg (.96) and moderate for the Playerload (.87). The effects (95% CIs) of intensity and kicks on the normalized Hip Load of the kicking leg (intensity: 0.95 to 1.50, kicks: 0.36 to 1.59) and nonkicking leg (intensity: 0.96 to 1.53, kicks: 0.06 to 1.34) were larger than on the normalized Playerload (intensity: 0.12 to 0.25, kicks: 0.22 to 0.53).CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of Hip Load in training load quantification may help sport practitioners to better balance load and recovery.

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UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85145242397#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194

DO - 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0194

M3 - Article

C2 - 36455553

SN - 1555-0265

VL - 18

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EP - 10

JO - International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

JF - International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

IS - 1

ER -

Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks

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