Culture, Status, and Hypocrisy: High-Status People Who Don’t Practice What They Preach Are Viewed as Worse in the United States Than China

Mengchen Dong*, Jan Willem van Prooijen, Song Wu, Paul A.M. van Lange

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Status holders across societies often take moral initiatives to navigate group practices toward collective goods; however, little is known about how different societies (e.g., the United States vs. China) evaluate high- (vs. low-) status holders’ transgressions of preached morals. Two preregistered studies (total N = 1,374) examined how status information (occupational rank in Study 1 and social prestige in Study 2) influences moral judgments of norm violations, as a function of word–deed contradiction and cultural independence/interdependence. Both studies revealed that high- (vs. low-) status targets’ word–deed contradictions (vs. noncontradictions) were condemned more harshly in the United States but not China. Mediation analyses suggested that Americans attributed more, but Chinese attributed less, selfish motives to higher status targets’ word–deed contradictions. Cultural in(ter)dependence influences not only whom to confer status as norm enforcers but also whom to (not) blame as norm violators.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)60-69
Number of pages10
JournalSocial Psychological and Personality Science
Volume13
Issue number1
Early online date4 Feb 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
All the data and R scripts of Studies 1 and 2 are accessible at osf.io/zms8d/. All the study materials are appended in the Supplementary Materials. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by the China Scholarship Council (201606040158).

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.

Funding

All the data and R scripts of Studies 1 and 2 are accessible at osf.io/zms8d/. All the study materials are appended in the Supplementary Materials. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by the China Scholarship Council (201606040158).

Keywords

  • culture
  • hypocrisy
  • moral judgment
  • norm violation
  • status

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