Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

K.J.A. Vendel; R.J. Wichink Kruit; M. Blom; P. van den Bulk; B. van Egmond; A. Frumau; S. Rutledge-Jonker; A. Hensen; M.C. van Zanten

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119596

Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

K.J.A. Vendel, R.J. Wichink Kruit, M. Blom, P. van den Bulk, B. van Egmond, A. Frumau, S. Rutledge-Jonker, A. Hensen, M.C. van Zanten

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the aerodynamic flux-gradient method (AGM). We found a mean ammonia flux of −7.1 ± 1.7 ng m−2 s−1, and an annual ammonia deposition flux of −132 ± 32 mol ha−1 yr−1 (equivalent to 1.8 ± 0.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1), which is at the low end of the range from estimates from literature made with inferential methods. Modeling the fluxes with the DEPAC module resulted in a mean flux of −17.0 ng m−2 s−1. The model overestimated the deposition fluxes, but diurnal variations of the fluxes derived from measurements were well captured by the model. We propose to change certain DEPAC parameters, like the leaf area index, to values more applicable for a dune ecosystem and show that this improves the agreement between model and measurements.

Original language	English
Article number	119596
Journal	Atmospheric Environment
Volume	298
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119596
Publication status	Published - 1 Apr 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We would like to thank Harrie van der Hagen (Dunea) for facilitating access to the Solleveld site and for his information about the local dune vegetation. We also thank Miranda Braam ( RIVM ) and Ronald Hoogerbrugge ( RIVM ) for their contributions to the uncertainty analysis, and Addo van Pul ( RIVM ) for critically reading the manuscript. Funding from the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality ( LNV ) and from Rijkswaterstaat is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, we thank Mennobart van Eerden and Kees Borst from Rijkswaterstaat for coordination of the Rijkswaterstaat funding. We would like to thank Harrie van der Hagen (Dunea) for facilitating access to the Solleveld site and for his information about the local dune vegetation. We also thank Miranda Braam (RIVM) and Ronald Hoogerbrugge (RIVM) for their contributions to the uncertainty analysis, and Addo van Pul (RIVM) for critically reading the manuscript. Funding from the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV) and from Rijkswaterstaat is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, we thank Mennobart van Eerden and Kees Borst from Rijkswaterstaat for coordination of the Rijkswaterstaat funding.

Funders	Funder number
Addo van Pul
Harrie van der Hagen
Ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit
Rijkswaterstaat

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title = "Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling",

abstract = "Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the aerodynamic flux-gradient method (AGM). We found a mean ammonia flux of −7.1 ± 1.7 ng m−2 s−1, and an annual ammonia deposition flux of −132 ± 32 mol ha−1 yr−1 (equivalent to 1.8 ± 0.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1), which is at the low end of the range from estimates from literature made with inferential methods. Modeling the fluxes with the DEPAC module resulted in a mean flux of −17.0 ng m−2 s−1. The model overestimated the deposition fluxes, but diurnal variations of the fluxes derived from measurements were well captured by the model. We propose to change certain DEPAC parameters, like the leaf area index, to values more applicable for a dune ecosystem and show that this improves the agreement between model and measurements.",

author = "K.J.A. Vendel and {Wichink Kruit}, R.J. and M. Blom and {van den Bulk}, P. and {van Egmond}, B. and A. Frumau and S. Rutledge-Jonker and A. Hensen and {van Zanten}, M.C.",

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T2 - Measurements and modeling

AU - Vendel, K.J.A.

AU - Wichink Kruit, R.J.

AU - Blom, M.

AU - van den Bulk, P.

AU - van Egmond, B.

AU - Frumau, A.

AU - Rutledge-Jonker, S.

AU - Hensen, A.

AU - van Zanten, M.C.

PY - 2023/4/1

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N2 - Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the aerodynamic flux-gradient method (AGM). We found a mean ammonia flux of −7.1 ± 1.7 ng m−2 s−1, and an annual ammonia deposition flux of −132 ± 32 mol ha−1 yr−1 (equivalent to 1.8 ± 0.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1), which is at the low end of the range from estimates from literature made with inferential methods. Modeling the fluxes with the DEPAC module resulted in a mean flux of −17.0 ng m−2 s−1. The model overestimated the deposition fluxes, but diurnal variations of the fluxes derived from measurements were well captured by the model. We propose to change certain DEPAC parameters, like the leaf area index, to values more applicable for a dune ecosystem and show that this improves the agreement between model and measurements.

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JO - Atmospheric Environment

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Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

Abstract

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