Economia Circular no rumo da Sociedade Circular e da Bioeconomia Circular: Iniciativas de compostagem urbana de lixo orgânico em São Paulo e Florianópolis

Abstract: This research presents an analysis that we made, from collecting online, initiatives for recycling organic waste in two capitals in Brazil: Sao Paulo and Florianópolis. We conducted bibliographic research on the theme of organic and urban composting. Through Boolean research (composting AND urban AND names of the two cities studied string, we found many initiatives. In order to carry out this comparative analysis, we chose two organic waste projects that were carried out from participative management actions in accordance with the National Policy for Solid Waste (PNRS): Composta SP, in São Paulo (SP), and the Revolução dos Baldinhos, in Florianópolis (SC). Our results show that these two community projects have aspects in common: participation of the population in order to face the problem of inadequate disposal of organic waste and practices that offer an effective solution at local level through urban composting. The final products, called humus and biofertilizers, are results and examples of a circular economy recognized as being "from cradle to cradle" as opposed to the linear economy, considered by these authors as being "from cradle to grave" (McDonough & Braungart 2002). In the end, we will explore how the concept of circular economy is currently being debated. Academics and activists who intent to improve the treatment of "solid waste" propose that we take a more ecological path if we want to become "circular societies”. As part of our conclusions, we believe that both projects for urban composting of organic waste are examples of a "circular economy". For us, the "Bucket Revolution" (Revolução dos Baldinhos) case is also an example of "social technology" (Dagnino, Brandão & Novaes 2004; Pozzebon 2015) that has the embryo to foster "circular societies" (Research Group Obsolescence 2019) and to point out a communitarian direction for a future "circular bioeconomy" (Hettemäki et alli 2017). Keywords: Solid Waste. Urban Composting. Circular Economy. Circular Society. Circular Bioeconomy