Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

T.J. Pinkert; O. Boll; L. Willmann; G.S.M. Jansen; E.A. Dijck; B.G.H.M. Groeneveld; R. Smets; F.C. Bosveld; W.M.G. Ubachs; K. Jungmann; K.S.E. Eikema; J.C.J. Koelemeij

doi:10.1364/AO.54.000728

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

T.J. Pinkert, O. Boll, L. Willmann, G.S.M. Jansen, E.A. Dijck, B.G.H.M. Groeneveld, R. Smets, F.C. Bosveld, W.M.G. Ubachs, K. Jungmann, K.S.E. Eikema, J.C.J. Koelemeij

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Results of optical frequency transfer over a carrier-grade dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical fiber network are presented. The relation between soil temperature changes on a buried optical fiber and frequency changes of an optical carrier through the fiber is modeled. Soil temperatures, measured at various depths by the Royal Netherlands Meteorology Institute (KNMI) are compared with observed frequency variations through this model. A comparison of a nine-day record of optical frequency measurements through the 2 × 298 km fiber link with soil temperature data shows qualitative agreement. A soil temperature model is used to predict the link stability over longer periods (days-months-years). We show that optical frequency dissemination is sufficiently stable to distribute and compare, e.g., rubidium frequency standards over standard DWDM optical fiber networks using unidirectional fibers.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	728-738
Journal	Applied Optics
Volume	54
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.000728
Publication status	Published - 2015

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Pinkert, T. J., Boll, O., Willmann, L., Jansen, G. S. M., Dijck, E. A., Groeneveld, B. G. H. M., Smets, R., Bosveld, F. C., Ubachs, W. M. G., Jungmann, K., Eikema, K. S. E., & Koelemeij, J. C. J. (2015). Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links. Applied Optics, 54(4), 728-738. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.000728

@article{f59229b32d41485d84f33d11ce48c58c,

title = "Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links",

abstract = "Results of optical frequency transfer over a carrier-grade dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical fiber network are presented. The relation between soil temperature changes on a buried optical fiber and frequency changes of an optical carrier through the fiber is modeled. Soil temperatures, measured at various depths by the Royal Netherlands Meteorology Institute (KNMI) are compared with observed frequency variations through this model. A comparison of a nine-day record of optical frequency measurements through the 2 × 298 km fiber link with soil temperature data shows qualitative agreement. A soil temperature model is used to predict the link stability over longer periods (days-months-years). We show that optical frequency dissemination is sufficiently stable to distribute and compare, e.g., rubidium frequency standards over standard DWDM optical fiber networks using unidirectional fibers.",

author = "T.J. Pinkert and O. Boll and L. Willmann and G.S.M. Jansen and E.A. Dijck and B.G.H.M. Groeneveld and R. Smets and F.C. Bosveld and W.M.G. Ubachs and K. Jungmann and K.S.E. Eikema and J.C.J. Koelemeij",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1364/AO.54.000728",

language = "English",

volume = "54",

pages = "728--738",

journal = "Applied Optics",

issn = "1559-128X",

publisher = "Optica Publishing Group",

number = "4",

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Pinkert, TJ, Boll, O, Willmann, L, Jansen, GSM, Dijck, EA, Groeneveld, BGHM, Smets, R, Bosveld, FC, Ubachs, WMG, Jungmann, K, Eikema, KSE & Koelemeij, JCJ 2015, 'Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links', Applied Optics, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 728-738. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.000728

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

AU - Pinkert, T.J.

AU - Boll, O.

AU - Willmann, L.

AU - Jansen, G.S.M.

AU - Dijck, E.A.

AU - Groeneveld, B.G.H.M.

AU - Smets, R.

AU - Bosveld, F.C.

AU - Ubachs, W.M.G.

AU - Jungmann, K.

AU - Eikema, K.S.E.

AU - Koelemeij, J.C.J.

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - Results of optical frequency transfer over a carrier-grade dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical fiber network are presented. The relation between soil temperature changes on a buried optical fiber and frequency changes of an optical carrier through the fiber is modeled. Soil temperatures, measured at various depths by the Royal Netherlands Meteorology Institute (KNMI) are compared with observed frequency variations through this model. A comparison of a nine-day record of optical frequency measurements through the 2 × 298 km fiber link with soil temperature data shows qualitative agreement. A soil temperature model is used to predict the link stability over longer periods (days-months-years). We show that optical frequency dissemination is sufficiently stable to distribute and compare, e.g., rubidium frequency standards over standard DWDM optical fiber networks using unidirectional fibers.

AB - Results of optical frequency transfer over a carrier-grade dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical fiber network are presented. The relation between soil temperature changes on a buried optical fiber and frequency changes of an optical carrier through the fiber is modeled. Soil temperatures, measured at various depths by the Royal Netherlands Meteorology Institute (KNMI) are compared with observed frequency variations through this model. A comparison of a nine-day record of optical frequency measurements through the 2 × 298 km fiber link with soil temperature data shows qualitative agreement. A soil temperature model is used to predict the link stability over longer periods (days-months-years). We show that optical frequency dissemination is sufficiently stable to distribute and compare, e.g., rubidium frequency standards over standard DWDM optical fiber networks using unidirectional fibers.

U2 - 10.1364/AO.54.000728

DO - 10.1364/AO.54.000728

M3 - Article

SN - 1559-128X

VL - 54

SP - 728

EP - 738

JO - Applied Optics

JF - Applied Optics

IS - 4

ER -

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

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