Effect of the screw-retained abutment material on the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations

Eduarda de Miranda Bohrer; Pablo Machado Soares; Maria Gabriela Packaeser; Lucas Saldanha da Rosa; João Paulo Mendes Tribst; Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan; Luiz Felipe Valandro; Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira

doi:10.1590/0103-644020256936

Effect of the screw-retained abutment material on the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations

Eduarda de Miranda Bohrer
, Pablo Machado Soares
, Maria Gabriela Packaeser
, Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
, João Paulo Mendes Tribst
, Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
, Luiz Felipe Valandro
, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the screw-retained abutment material (zirconia (Yz), lithium disilicate (Ld), Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Picn), and Polietheretherketone (Peek)) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of lithium disilicate restorative material. Ld discs (Ø= 10 mm; thickness = 1 mm) were obtained and allocated into four groups according to the abutment material factor: Yz, Ld, Picn, and Peek (Ø= 10mm; thickness 3 mm). A screw access hole was made at the center of each abutment and filled with resin composite (thickness = 2 mm). The materials were adhesively bonded and tested under monotonic mechanical load (n= 3) and cyclic fatigue (n= 15; initial load: 200 N for 10,000 cycles; step size: 100 N/10,000 cycles; frequency: 20 Hz) until failure. Finite element and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses were also performed. The obtained data were analyzed by 1-Way ANOVA for monotonic (α=0.05) and Kaplan Meier and log-rank post-hoc for fatigue data tests. All groups presented a decrease in the fatigue failure load (FFL) when compared to the monotonic test. The abutment material affected the lithium disilicate restoration performance (p=.048; F= 4.134), since zirconia showed the highest FFL (p<.05), followed by Picn and Ld, which were similar to each other (p>.05). The lowest values of FFL were found for Peek (p<.05). The screw-retained abutment material influences the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations, being zirconia the most indicated material to enhance mechanical performance.

Original language	English
Article number	e25-6936
Pages (from-to)	e256936
Journal	Brazilian Dental Journal
Volume	36
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-644020256936
Publication status	Published - 2026

Funding

This study was partially financed by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq (G.K.R.P. research productivity scholarship Pq2, process number #304665/2022-3; P.S.M. junior post-doc scholarship, process number #151001/2024-3; P.S.M international project, MCTI scholarship, process number # 402916/2024-7), by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES (Finance code 001, M.G.P MScid scholarship, and L.S.R PhD scholarship), and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State – FAPERGS (G.K.R.P project at PqG call, grant #24/2551-0001408-0; and E.M.B scientific initiation scholarship at PROBIC-UFSM call #24/2551-0001005-0). The authors emphasize that the supporting institutions did not have any role in the study design, data collection, or analysis, the decision to publish, or in preparing the manuscript. The authors also especially thank Ivoclar AG for donating some of the used materials.

Funders	Funder number
Rio Grande do Sul State
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul	24/2551-0001408-0, 24/2551-0001005-0
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	151001/2024-3, 304665/2022-3
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação	402916/2024-7

Keywords

Dental Porcelain/chemistry
Dental Abutments
Dental Stress Analysis
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Zirconium/chemistry
Dental Restoration Failure

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10.1590/0103-644020256936

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title = "Effect of the screw-retained abutment material on the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations",

abstract = "The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the screw-retained abutment material (zirconia (Yz), lithium disilicate (Ld), Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Picn), and Polietheretherketone (Peek)) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of lithium disilicate restorative material. Ld discs ({\O}= 10 mm; thickness = 1 mm) were obtained and allocated into four groups according to the abutment material factor: Yz, Ld, Picn, and Peek ({\O}= 10mm; thickness 3 mm). A screw access hole was made at the center of each abutment and filled with resin composite (thickness = 2 mm). The materials were adhesively bonded and tested under monotonic mechanical load (n= 3) and cyclic fatigue (n= 15; initial load: 200 N for 10,000 cycles; step size: 100 N/10,000 cycles; frequency: 20 Hz) until failure. Finite element and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses were also performed. The obtained data were analyzed by 1-Way ANOVA for monotonic (α=0.05) and Kaplan Meier and log-rank post-hoc for fatigue data tests. All groups presented a decrease in the fatigue failure load (FFL) when compared to the monotonic test. The abutment material affected the lithium disilicate restoration performance (p=.048; F= 4.134), since zirconia showed the highest FFL (p<.05), followed by Picn and Ld, which were similar to each other (p>.05). The lowest values of FFL were found for Peek (p<.05). The screw-retained abutment material influences the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations, being zirconia the most indicated material to enhance mechanical performance.",

keywords = "Dental Porcelain/chemistry, Dental Abutments, Dental Stress Analysis, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Zirconium/chemistry, Dental Restoration Failure",

author = "Bohrer, \{Eduarda de Miranda\} and Soares, \{Pablo Machado\} and Packaeser, \{Maria Gabriela\} and Rosa, \{Lucas Saldanha da\} and Tribst, \{Jo{\~a}o Paulo Mendes\} and Kleverlaan, \{Cornelis Johannes\} and Valandro, \{Luiz Felipe\} and Pereira, \{Gabriel Kalil Rocha\}",

year = "2026",

doi = "10.1590/0103-644020256936",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "e256936",

journal = "Brazilian Dental Journal",

issn = "0103-6440",

publisher = "Associacao Brasileira de Divulgacao Cientifica",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of the screw-retained abutment material on the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations

AU - Bohrer, Eduarda de Miranda

AU - Soares, Pablo Machado

AU - Packaeser, Maria Gabriela

AU - Rosa, Lucas Saldanha da

AU - Tribst, João Paulo Mendes

AU - Kleverlaan, Cornelis Johannes

AU - Valandro, Luiz Felipe

AU - Pereira, Gabriel Kalil Rocha

PY - 2026

Y1 - 2026

N2 - The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the screw-retained abutment material (zirconia (Yz), lithium disilicate (Ld), Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Picn), and Polietheretherketone (Peek)) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of lithium disilicate restorative material. Ld discs (Ø= 10 mm; thickness = 1 mm) were obtained and allocated into four groups according to the abutment material factor: Yz, Ld, Picn, and Peek (Ø= 10mm; thickness 3 mm). A screw access hole was made at the center of each abutment and filled with resin composite (thickness = 2 mm). The materials were adhesively bonded and tested under monotonic mechanical load (n= 3) and cyclic fatigue (n= 15; initial load: 200 N for 10,000 cycles; step size: 100 N/10,000 cycles; frequency: 20 Hz) until failure. Finite element and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses were also performed. The obtained data were analyzed by 1-Way ANOVA for monotonic (α=0.05) and Kaplan Meier and log-rank post-hoc for fatigue data tests. All groups presented a decrease in the fatigue failure load (FFL) when compared to the monotonic test. The abutment material affected the lithium disilicate restoration performance (p=.048; F= 4.134), since zirconia showed the highest FFL (p<.05), followed by Picn and Ld, which were similar to each other (p>.05). The lowest values of FFL were found for Peek (p<.05). The screw-retained abutment material influences the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations, being zirconia the most indicated material to enhance mechanical performance.

AB - The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the screw-retained abutment material (zirconia (Yz), lithium disilicate (Ld), Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Picn), and Polietheretherketone (Peek)) on the fatigue behavior and stress distribution of lithium disilicate restorative material. Ld discs (Ø= 10 mm; thickness = 1 mm) were obtained and allocated into four groups according to the abutment material factor: Yz, Ld, Picn, and Peek (Ø= 10mm; thickness 3 mm). A screw access hole was made at the center of each abutment and filled with resin composite (thickness = 2 mm). The materials were adhesively bonded and tested under monotonic mechanical load (n= 3) and cyclic fatigue (n= 15; initial load: 200 N for 10,000 cycles; step size: 100 N/10,000 cycles; frequency: 20 Hz) until failure. Finite element and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses were also performed. The obtained data were analyzed by 1-Way ANOVA for monotonic (α=0.05) and Kaplan Meier and log-rank post-hoc for fatigue data tests. All groups presented a decrease in the fatigue failure load (FFL) when compared to the monotonic test. The abutment material affected the lithium disilicate restoration performance (p=.048; F= 4.134), since zirconia showed the highest FFL (p<.05), followed by Picn and Ld, which were similar to each other (p>.05). The lowest values of FFL were found for Peek (p<.05). The screw-retained abutment material influences the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations, being zirconia the most indicated material to enhance mechanical performance.

KW - Dental Porcelain/chemistry

KW - Dental Abutments

KW - Dental Stress Analysis

KW - Materials Testing

KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

KW - Zirconium/chemistry

KW - Dental Restoration Failure

U2 - 10.1590/0103-644020256936

DO - 10.1590/0103-644020256936

M3 - Article

C2 - 41637257

SN - 0103-6440

VL - 36

SP - e256936

JO - Brazilian Dental Journal

JF - Brazilian Dental Journal

M1 - e25-6936

ER -

Effect of the screw-retained abutment material on the fatigue behavior of lithium disilicate restorations

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

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