Effects of the Bidentate Ligand on the Photophysical Properties, Cellular Uptake, and (Photo)cytotoxicity of Glycoconjugates Based on the [Ru(tpy)(NN)(L)]2+ Scaffold

L.N. Lameijer, T.G. Brevé, V.H.S. van Rixel, S.H.C. Askes, M.A. Siegler, S. Bonnet

Research output: Contribution to JournalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

© 2018 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes have received widespread attention as potential chemotherapeutics in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and in photochemotherapy (PACT). Here, we investigate a series of sixteen ruthenium polypyridyl complexes with general formula [Ru(tpy)(N−N)(L)]+/2+ (tpy=2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine, N−N=bpy (2,2′-bipyridine), phen (1,10-phenanthroline), dpq (pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline), dppz (dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine, dppn (benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine), pmip (2-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), pymi ((E)-N-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine), or azpy (2-(phenylazo)pyridine), L=Cl− or 2-(2-(2-(methylthio)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) and their potential for either PDT or PACT. We demonstrate that although increased lipophilicity is generally related to increased uptake of these complexes, it does not necessarily lead to increased (photo)cytotoxicity. However, the non-toxic complexes are excellent candidates as PACT carriers.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2709-2717
JournalChemistry - A European Journal
Volume24
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Feb 2018
Externally publishedYes

Funding

This work was supportedby the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-CW) with a VIDI grant to S.B. The European Research Council is kindly acknowledged for a Starting Grant to S.B. Prof. E. Bouwman is gratefully acknowledged for her support and input. Fons Lefeber and Dr. Karthick Sai Sankar Gupta are acknowledged for their help with NMR spectroscopy. Gerwin Spijksma is gratefully acknowledged for performing the HRMS measurements.

FundersFunder number
Dutch Organization for Scientific Research
NWO-CW
H2020 European Research Council
European Research Council
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

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