El discurso de odio como medio para la exclusión argumentativa

Argumentative exclusion occurs when participation in an argumentative exchange is denied to an agent. In the first part of the article, we present a taxonomy of argumentative exclusions based on three axes: structural, causal, and consequential. In the second part of the article, we analyse hate speech as a means of argumentative exclusion. Hate speech refers to public expressions that discriminate against and subordinate its victims based on their membership in (or representation of) a vulnerable group. We argue that explicit forms of hate speech contribute to the active and complete exclusion of victims. Later, we will observe that implicit forms of hate speech can exclude participants by means of their inclusion in debates in which they are unwilling to participate. To illustrate this, we will examine a communicative exchange on Twitter. This will lead us to introduce the concept of “forced argumentative inclusion” as a type of argumentative exclusion.