Abstract
Aims: To study whether microalbuminuria, endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are associated with the presence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Patients with Type 2 diabetes (n = 328) attending a diabetes clinic were followed for 10 years and examined annually during the last 7 years. Retinopathy was assessed after pupillary dilatation by direct ophthalmoscopy (baseline) and two-field 60°fundus photography (follow-up). Urinary albumin excretion, and markers of endothelial function (von Willebrand factor, tissue-type plasminogen activator, soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) and inflammatory activity (C-reactive protein and fibrinogen) were determined. Results: The prevalence of retinopathy was 33.8%. The median diabetes duration at baseline was 7 years (interquartile range 2-12 years). The highest tertiles of baseline urinary albumin excretion and glycated haemoglobin (HbA
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 969-976 |
Journal | Diabetic Medicine |
Volume | 24 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2007 |