Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmas

Michele Lustrino; Natascia Luciani; Vincenzo Stagno; Silvia Narzisi; Matteo Masotta; Piergiorgio Scarlato

doi:10.1130/G49621.1

Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmas

Michele Lustrino^*, Natascia Luciani, Vincenzo Stagno, Silvia Narzisi, Matteo Masotta, Piergiorgio Scarlato

^*Corresponding author for this work

Geology and Geochemistry

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Abstract

In this experimental study, we documented the formation of strongly ultrabasic and ultracalcic melts through the interaction of melilititic and basanitic melts with calcite. Three strongly to moderately SiO₂-undersaturated volcanic rocks from the Bohemian Massif (central Europe) were mixed with 10, 30, and 50 wt% CaCO₃ and melted at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C at 2 kbar to evaluate the maximum amount of carbonate that can be assimilated by natural ultrabasic melts at shallow depths. Experiments revealed a surprisingly complete dissolution of the CaCO₃, only rarely reaching carbonate saturation, with typical liquidus phases represented by olivine, spinel, melilite, and clinopyroxene. Only in the runs with the most SiO₂-undersaturated compositions did abundant monticellite form instead of clinopyroxene. For all starting mixtures, strongly ultrabasic (SiO₂ down to 15.6 wt%), lime-rich (CaO up to 43.6 wt%), ultracalcic (CaO/Al₂O₃ up to ~27) melt compositions were produced at 1200 and 1300 °C, with up to ~25 wt% dissolved CO₂. When present, quenched olivine showed much higher forsterite content (Fo_95–97) than olivine in the natural samples (Fo_79–85). The two major results of this study are (1) silicate-carbonatite melt compositions do not necessarily imply the existence of carbonatitic components in the mantle, because they are also produced during limestone assimilation, and (2) Fo-rich olivines cannot be used to infer any primitive character of the melt nor high potential temperature (T_p)

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	476-480
Number of pages	5
Journal	Geology
Volume	50
Issue number	4
Early online date	5 Jan 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1130/G49621.1
Publication status	Published - 1 Apr 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank M. Serracino and M. Albano (CNR?IGAG, Rome) for assistance during electron microprobe (EMP) and scanning electron microscope work. Thanks to Silvio Mollo (Rome) for his availability to discuss basic concepts of magma-limestone assimilation. PRIN 2017 Project 20177BX42Z_005 and Ateneo La Sapienza grants (2019?2020) are deeply appreciated. The revisions proposed by Giada Iacono Marziano (Orl?ans, France) and Oleg Safonov (?ernogolovka, Russia) contributed to improve the readability of the manuscript. M. Lustrino thanks J?rg B?chner for providing the BM3 sample; the organizers of the excellent Conference Basalt 2013 at the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, G?rlitz, Germany, for the great excursion during which Lustrino collected the samples; Vladislav Rapprich and Ond?ej Pour (Prague) for providing olivine EMP analyses of Great Devil?s Wall (BM1 sample); and Mike Stern for his little shoes

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© 2022 Geological Society of America

Funding

We thank M. Serracino and M. Albano (CNR–IGAG, Rome) for assistance during electron microprobe (EMP) and scanning electron microscope work. Thanks to Silvio Mollo (Rome) for his availability to discuss basic concepts of magma-limestone assimilation. PRIN 2017 Project 20177BX42Z_005 and Ateneo La Sapienza grants (2019–2020) are deeply appreciated. The revisions proposed by Giada Iacono Marziano (Orléans, France) and Oleg Safonov (Černogolovka, Russia) contributed to improve the readability of the manuscript. M. Lustrino thanks Jörg Büchner for providing the BM3 sample; the organizers of the excellent Conference Basalt 2013 at the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, Görlitz, Germany, for the great excursion during which Lustrino collected the samples; Vladislav Rapprich and Ondřej Pour (Prague) for providing olivine EMP analyses of Great Devil’s Wall (BM1 sample); and Mike Stern for his little shoes

Funders	Funder number
Giada Iacono Marziano
IGAG	20177BX42Z_005
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

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10.1130/G49621.1

Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmasFinal published version, 910 KBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

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@article{ac934ff97cca492388db52c1f572483d,

title = "Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmas",

abstract = "In this experimental study, we documented the formation of strongly ultrabasic and ultracalcic melts through the interaction of melilititic and basanitic melts with calcite. Three strongly to moderately SiO2-undersaturated volcanic rocks from the Bohemian Massif (central Europe) were mixed with 10, 30, and 50 wt\% CaCO3 and melted at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C at 2 kbar to evaluate the maximum amount of carbonate that can be assimilated by natural ultrabasic melts at shallow depths. Experiments revealed a surprisingly complete dissolution of the CaCO3, only rarely reaching carbonate saturation, with typical liquidus phases represented by olivine, spinel, melilite, and clinopyroxene. Only in the runs with the most SiO2-undersaturated compositions did abundant monticellite form instead of clinopyroxene. For all starting mixtures, strongly ultrabasic (SiO2 down to 15.6 wt\%), lime-rich (CaO up to 43.6 wt\%), ultracalcic (CaO/Al2O3 up to \textasciitilde{}27) melt compositions were produced at 1200 and 1300 °C, with up to \textasciitilde{}25 wt\% dissolved CO2. When present, quenched olivine showed much higher forsterite content (Fo95–97) than olivine in the natural samples (Fo79–85). The two major results of this study are (1) silicate-carbonatite melt compositions do not necessarily imply the existence of carbonatitic components in the mantle, because they are also produced during limestone assimilation, and (2) Fo-rich olivines cannot be used to infer any primitive character of the melt nor high potential temperature (Tp)",

author = "Michele Lustrino and Natascia Luciani and Vincenzo Stagno and Silvia Narzisi and Matteo Masotta and Piergiorgio Scarlato",

note = "Funding Information: We thank M. Serracino and M. Albano (CNR?IGAG, Rome) for assistance during electron microprobe (EMP) and scanning electron microscope work. Thanks to Silvio Mollo (Rome) for his availability to discuss basic concepts of magma-limestone assimilation. PRIN 2017 Project 20177BX42Z\_005 and Ateneo La Sapienza grants (2019?2020) are deeply appreciated. The revisions proposed by Giada Iacono Marziano (Orl?ans, France) and Oleg Safonov (?ernogolovka, Russia) contributed to improve the readability of the manuscript. M. Lustrino thanks J?rg B?chner for providing the BM3 sample; the organizers of the excellent Conference Basalt 2013 at the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, G?rlitz, Germany, for the great excursion during which Lustrino collected the samples; Vladislav Rapprich and Ond?ej Pour (Prague) for providing olivine EMP analyses of Great Devil?s Wall (BM1 sample); and Mike Stern for his little shoes Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Geological Society of America",

year = "2022",

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doi = "10.1130/G49621.1",

language = "English",

volume = "50",

pages = "476--480",

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T1 - Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmas

AU - Lustrino, Michele

AU - Luciani, Natascia

AU - Stagno, Vincenzo

AU - Narzisi, Silvia

AU - Masotta, Matteo

AU - Scarlato, Piergiorgio

N1 - Funding Information: We thank M. Serracino and M. Albano (CNR?IGAG, Rome) for assistance during electron microprobe (EMP) and scanning electron microscope work. Thanks to Silvio Mollo (Rome) for his availability to discuss basic concepts of magma-limestone assimilation. PRIN 2017 Project 20177BX42Z_005 and Ateneo La Sapienza grants (2019?2020) are deeply appreciated. The revisions proposed by Giada Iacono Marziano (Orl?ans, France) and Oleg Safonov (?ernogolovka, Russia) contributed to improve the readability of the manuscript. M. Lustrino thanks J?rg B?chner for providing the BM3 sample; the organizers of the excellent Conference Basalt 2013 at the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, G?rlitz, Germany, for the great excursion during which Lustrino collected the samples; Vladislav Rapprich and Ond?ej Pour (Prague) for providing olivine EMP analyses of Great Devil?s Wall (BM1 sample); and Mike Stern for his little shoes Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Geological Society of America

PY - 2022/4/1

Y1 - 2022/4/1

N2 - In this experimental study, we documented the formation of strongly ultrabasic and ultracalcic melts through the interaction of melilititic and basanitic melts with calcite. Three strongly to moderately SiO2-undersaturated volcanic rocks from the Bohemian Massif (central Europe) were mixed with 10, 30, and 50 wt% CaCO3 and melted at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C at 2 kbar to evaluate the maximum amount of carbonate that can be assimilated by natural ultrabasic melts at shallow depths. Experiments revealed a surprisingly complete dissolution of the CaCO3, only rarely reaching carbonate saturation, with typical liquidus phases represented by olivine, spinel, melilite, and clinopyroxene. Only in the runs with the most SiO2-undersaturated compositions did abundant monticellite form instead of clinopyroxene. For all starting mixtures, strongly ultrabasic (SiO2 down to 15.6 wt%), lime-rich (CaO up to 43.6 wt%), ultracalcic (CaO/Al2O3 up to ~27) melt compositions were produced at 1200 and 1300 °C, with up to ~25 wt% dissolved CO2. When present, quenched olivine showed much higher forsterite content (Fo95–97) than olivine in the natural samples (Fo79–85). The two major results of this study are (1) silicate-carbonatite melt compositions do not necessarily imply the existence of carbonatitic components in the mantle, because they are also produced during limestone assimilation, and (2) Fo-rich olivines cannot be used to infer any primitive character of the melt nor high potential temperature (Tp)

AB - In this experimental study, we documented the formation of strongly ultrabasic and ultracalcic melts through the interaction of melilititic and basanitic melts with calcite. Three strongly to moderately SiO2-undersaturated volcanic rocks from the Bohemian Massif (central Europe) were mixed with 10, 30, and 50 wt% CaCO3 and melted at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C at 2 kbar to evaluate the maximum amount of carbonate that can be assimilated by natural ultrabasic melts at shallow depths. Experiments revealed a surprisingly complete dissolution of the CaCO3, only rarely reaching carbonate saturation, with typical liquidus phases represented by olivine, spinel, melilite, and clinopyroxene. Only in the runs with the most SiO2-undersaturated compositions did abundant monticellite form instead of clinopyroxene. For all starting mixtures, strongly ultrabasic (SiO2 down to 15.6 wt%), lime-rich (CaO up to 43.6 wt%), ultracalcic (CaO/Al2O3 up to ~27) melt compositions were produced at 1200 and 1300 °C, with up to ~25 wt% dissolved CO2. When present, quenched olivine showed much higher forsterite content (Fo95–97) than olivine in the natural samples (Fo79–85). The two major results of this study are (1) silicate-carbonatite melt compositions do not necessarily imply the existence of carbonatitic components in the mantle, because they are also produced during limestone assimilation, and (2) Fo-rich olivines cannot be used to infer any primitive character of the melt nor high potential temperature (Tp)

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JF - Geology

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ER -

Experimental evidence on the origin of Ca-rich carbonated melts formed by interaction between sedimentary limestones and mantle-derived ultrabasic magmas

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