TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring the Association of Burning Mouth Syndrome with Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
T2 - A Systematic Review
AU - Dibello, Antonio
AU - Ballini, Andrea
AU - Lozupone, Madia
AU - Custodero, Carlo
AU - Cantore, Stefania
AU - Sardone, Rodolfo
AU - Dibello, Antonio
AU - Santarcangelo, Filippo
AU - Barulli Kofler, Bianca
AU - Petruzzi, Massimo
AU - Daniele, Antonio
AU - Solfrizzi, Vincenzo
AU - Panza, Francesco
N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/6
Y1 - 2023/6
N2 - Background: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition mainly affecting middle-aged and older individuals with hormonal disturbances or psychiatric disorders and is characterized by chronic pain. The etiopathogenesis of this multifactorial syndrome is largely unknown. The objective of the present systematic review was therefore to evaluate the relationship of BMS with depressive and anxiety disorders in middle-aged and older individuals. Methods: We selected studies evaluating BMS and depressive and anxiety disorders assessed with validated tools, published from their inception up to April 2023, using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, and Google Scholar databases and adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines/PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist. This study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023409595). The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Toolkits for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies were used to examine the risk of bias. Results: Two independent investigators rated 4322 records against the primary endpoint and found 7 records meeting the eligibility requirements. Anxiety disorders were found to be the most common psychiatric disorders related to BMS (63.7%), followed by depressive disorders (36.3%). We found a moderate association of BMS with anxiety disorders, with multiple studies included (n = 7). Moreover, we found a low association of BMS with depressive disorders (included studies, n = 4). The role of pain appeared to be controversial in explaining these associations. Conclusions: In middle-aged and older subjects, anxiety and depressive disorders may be potentially related to the development of BMS. Furthermore, also in these age groups, females showed higher risk of developing BMS than males, even when taking into account multimorbidity such as sleep disorders, personality traits, and biopsychosocial changes as suggested by study-specific findings.
AB - Background: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition mainly affecting middle-aged and older individuals with hormonal disturbances or psychiatric disorders and is characterized by chronic pain. The etiopathogenesis of this multifactorial syndrome is largely unknown. The objective of the present systematic review was therefore to evaluate the relationship of BMS with depressive and anxiety disorders in middle-aged and older individuals. Methods: We selected studies evaluating BMS and depressive and anxiety disorders assessed with validated tools, published from their inception up to April 2023, using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, and Google Scholar databases and adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines/PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist. This study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023409595). The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Toolkits for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies were used to examine the risk of bias. Results: Two independent investigators rated 4322 records against the primary endpoint and found 7 records meeting the eligibility requirements. Anxiety disorders were found to be the most common psychiatric disorders related to BMS (63.7%), followed by depressive disorders (36.3%). We found a moderate association of BMS with anxiety disorders, with multiple studies included (n = 7). Moreover, we found a low association of BMS with depressive disorders (included studies, n = 4). The role of pain appeared to be controversial in explaining these associations. Conclusions: In middle-aged and older subjects, anxiety and depressive disorders may be potentially related to the development of BMS. Furthermore, also in these age groups, females showed higher risk of developing BMS than males, even when taking into account multimorbidity such as sleep disorders, personality traits, and biopsychosocial changes as suggested by study-specific findings.
KW - anxiety
KW - burning mouth syndrome
KW - depression
KW - middle age
KW - older people
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163599795&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85163599795&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/jpm13061014
DO - 10.3390/jpm13061014
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85163599795
SN - 2075-4426
VL - 13
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Journal of personalized medicine
JF - Journal of personalized medicine
IS - 6
M1 - 1014
ER -