Abstract
Lung cancer survival is poor, and radiation therapy patients often suffer serious treatment side effects. The esophagus is particularly sensitive leading to acute radiation-induced esophageal damage (ARIED). We investigated the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for minimally invasive imaging of the esophagus with high resolution (10 μm) to detect ARIED in mice. Thirty mice underwent cone-beam computed tomography imaging for initial setup assessment and dose planning followed by a single-dose delivery of 4.0, 10.0, 16.0, and 20.0 Gy on 5.0-mm spots, spaced 10.0 mm apart in the esophagus. They were repeatedly imaged using OCT up to three months postirradiation. We compared OCT findings with histopathology obtained three months postirradiation qualitatively and quantitatively using the contrast-to-background-noise ratio (CNR). Histopathology mostly showed inflammatory infiltration and edema at higher doses; OCT findings were in agreement with most of the histopathological reports. We were able to identify the ARIED on OCT as a change in tissue scattering and layer thickness. Our statistical analysis showed significant difference between the CNR values of healthy tissue, edema, and inflammatory infiltration. Overall, the average CNR for inflammatory infiltration and edema damages was 1.6-fold higher and 1.6-fold lower than for the healthy esophageal wall, respectively. Our results showed the potential role of OCT to detect and monitor the ARIED in mice, which may translate to humans.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 046004 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-12 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 12 Apr 2018 |
Funding
This work was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Health and Development (ZonMw), Elekta Ltd., and NinePoint Medical, Inc. The authors would like to thank Dirk J. Faber for useful discussion. The authors would like to thank Marco Breuer, Koen van der Mark, and Roel Sneepers for their help with animal facility-related preparation and acknowledge Niels de Wit, Corine van Langen, Anouk Post, and Tanja Maidment for assisting with data acquisition.
Funders | Funder number |
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Netherlands organization for health and development | |
NinePoint Medical, Inc. | |
Elekta | |
ZonMw |
Keywords
- acute radiation-induced esophageal damage
- esophagus
- image-guided radiation therapy
- lung cancer
- optical coherence tomography
- small animal models