First 3D Cadastral Registration of Multi-level Ownerships Rights in the Netherlands

This paper reports on the first 3D cadastral registration of multi-level ownerships rights in the Netherlands, which was accomplished in March 2016. It is the result of a study that was undertaken from 2013 to 2015 to determine how insight about multi-level ownership can be provided in 3D by the cadastral registration. The solution was sought within the existing cadastral and legal framework, with the aim to build a more fundamental solution for 3D cadastral registration in the future, based on practical experience and involving the stakeholders. The 3D cadastral case presented in this paper is the new combined structure of the city hall and underground railway station in the town of Delft. The complex contains the new city hall, the railway station, the underground platforms and railway tunnel, several technical installations as well as the underground bicycle-parking. The paper presents the procedure that was followed to secure the ownership rights before the construction was completed; the translation of ownership described in the deeds into legal volumes based on the architectural drawing of the buildings; and, finally to create the 3D visualisation of the 3D rights involved and to register a deed that contains the 3D visualisation in the interactive 3D PDF format. The paper then evaluates the registration to obtain insights for an improved 3D cadastral registration. The main conclusion is that in some situations a 3D approach has important advantages for cadastral registration over a 2D approach. It requires further study on how to implement the solution in a standardised and uniform way from registration to querying and updating in the future and from an informal to a formal (i.e. legally binding) registration process.