Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

EADB consortium; The GR@ACE study group

doi:10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z

Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

EADB consortium, The GR@ACE study group

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect core features of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) more directly than clinical diagnosis. Initiated by the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), the largest collaborative effort on genetics underlying CSF biomarkers was established, including 31 cohorts with a total of 13,116 individuals (discovery n = 8074; replication n = 5042 individuals). Besides the APOE locus, novel associations with two other well-established AD risk loci were observed; CR1 was shown a locus for Aβ42 and BIN1 for pTau. GMNC and C16orf95 were further identified as loci for pTau, of which the latter is novel. Clustering methods exploring the influence of all known AD risk loci on the CSF protein levels, revealed 4 biological categories suggesting multiple Aβ42 and pTau related biological pathways involved in the etiology of AD. In functional follow-up analyses, GMNC and C16orf95 both associated with lateral ventricular volume, implying an overlap in genetic etiology for tau levels and brain ventricular volume.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	821-842
Number of pages	22
Journal	Acta Neuropathologica
Volume	144
Issue number	5
Early online date	6 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z
Publication status	Published - Nov 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Programme, Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Amsterdam dementia Cohort (ADC): Research of the Alzheimer center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. The clinical database structure was developed with funding from Stichting Dioraphte. Genotyping of the Dutch case-control samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW projectnumber 733051061).Part of the work described in this study was carried out in the context of the Parelsnoer Institute (PSI). PSI was part of and funded by the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers and has received initial funding from the Dutch Government (from 2007-2011). Since 2020, this work was carried out in the context of Parelsnoer clinical biobanks at Health-RI ( https://www.health-ri.nl/initiatives/parelsnoer ). Part of the genotyping included in this work was funded by the JPND EADB grant (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant: 01ED1619A). Alfredo Ramirez is also supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) grants Nr: RA 1971/6-1, RA1971/7-1, and RA 1971/8-1. We would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’, Fundació ACE, and CIBERNED. A.R. and M.B. receive support from the European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint undertaking ADAPTED and MOPEAD projects (grant numbers 115975 and 115985, respectively). M.B. and A.R. are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240 and PI19/01301. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)–Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER–‘Una manera de hacer Europa’). The position held by I.dR. is funded by grant. FI20/00215. PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. We would like to thank UCL Genomics, London, UK, for performing the genotyping analyses of the samples within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies and Clinical AD Sweden. The recruitment and clinical characterization of research participants at Washington University were supported by NIH P30AG066444, and P01AG003991. This work was supported by access to equipment made possible by the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, the Neurogenomics and Informatics Center (NGI: https://neurogenomics.wustl.edu/)and the Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. Research at the Belgian EADB site is funded in part by the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAO-FRA), The Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), and the University of Antwerp Research Fund. FK is supported by a BOF DOCPRO fellowship of the University of Antwerp Research Fund. The work of Valdecilla was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitario, PI08/0139, PI12/02288, PI16/01652, and PI20/01011), the JPND (DEMTEST PI11/03028), the CIBERNED, and the Siemens Healthineers. We thank the Valdecilla Biobank (PT17/0015/0019), integrated into the Spanish Biobank Network, for their support and collaboration in sample collection and management. Our heartfelt thanks to the participants of the Valdecilla Cohort for their generosity. The work of ADGEN was supported by EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (301220) and the Academy of Finland (338182). The DELCODE study (Study-ID:BN012 ) was supported and conducted by the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE). The data samples were provided by the DELCODE study group. Details and participating sites can be found at www.dzne.de/en/research/studies/clinical-studies/delcode . The German Dementia Competence Network (KND) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grants Number: 01G10102, 01GI0420, 01GI0422, 01GI0423, 01GI0429, 01GI0431, 01GI0433, 04GI0434, 01GI0711. WF, SvdL, HHolstege, CT and PhS are recipients of ABOARD, which is a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). More than 30 partners participate in ABOARD ( www.aboard-project.nl ). ABOARD also receives funding from de Hersenstichting, Edwin Bouw Fonds and Gieskes-Strijbisfonds. IEJ was partially supported by NWO Gravitation program BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (NWO: 024.004.012). AZ was supported by the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-939988, AF-930582, AF-646061, AF-741361), and the Dementia Foundation (2020-04-13, 2021-04-17). ISk was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALF 716681), the Swedish Research Council (no 11267, 825-2012-5041, 2013-8717, 2015-02830, 2017-00639, 2019-01096), Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (no 2001-2646, 2001-2835, 2001-2849, 2003-0234, 2004-0150, 2005-0762, 2006-0020, 2008-1229, 2008-1210, 2012-1138, 2004-0145, 2006-0596, 2008-1111, 2010-0870, 2013-1202, 2013-2300, 2013-2496), Swedish Brain Power, Hjärnfonden, Sweden (FO2016-0214, FO2018-0214, FO2019- 0163), the Alzheimer's Association Zenith Award (ZEN-01-3151), the Alzheimer's Association Stephanie B. Overstreet Scholars (IIRG-00-2159), the Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-03-6168, IIRG-09-131338) and the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. SK was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-81392, ALF GBG-771071), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-842471, AF-737641, AF-939825), and the Swedish Research Council (2019-02075). MW was supported by the Swedish Research Council 2016-01590. DP was supported by BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (grant no. 024.004.012), and a European Research Council advanced grant (Grant No, ERC-2018-AdG GWAS2FUNC 834057. HZ is a Wallenberg Scholar supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02532), the European Research Council (681712), Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-720931), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (201809-2016862), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 860197 (MIRIADE), and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL. KB was supported by the Swedish Research Council (#2017-00915), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#RDAPB-201809-2016615), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-742881), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243), the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986), the European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders (JPND2019-466-236), the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, (grant #1R01AG068398-01), and the Alzheimer’s Association 2021 Zenith Award (ZEN-21-848495). CC receives support from the National Institutes of Health (R01AG044546, R01AG064877, RF1AG053303, R01AG058501, U01AG058922, RF1AG058501, R01AG064614), and the Chuck Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI).

Funding Information:
Research programs of Wiesje van der Flier have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, stichting Alzheimer & Neuropsychiatrie Foundation, Biogen MA Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Fujifilm, Combinostics. WF holds the Pasman chair. WF is recipient of ABOARD, which is a public–private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). WF has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc, and Boehringer Ingelheim. WF has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc, Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), Springer Healthcare. WF is consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, and Biogen MA Inc. WF participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc and Roche. All funding is paid to her institution. WF was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. WF is associate editor at Brain. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). KBlennow has served as a consultant, at advisory boards, or at data monitoring committees for Abcam, Axon, Biogen, JOMDD/Shimadzu. Julius Clinical, Lilly, MagQu, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens Healthineers, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program. OAA is a consultant to HealthLytix, and received speaker’s honorarium from Lundbeck and Sunovion. SE has served at scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Danone, Eisai, icometrix, Pfizer, Novartis, Nutricia, Roche and has received unrestricted research grants from ADx Neurosciences and Janssen Pharmaceutica. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector, GSK and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HHampel is an employee of Eisai Inc. and serves as Senior Associate Editor for the Journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia; during the past three years he had received lecture fees from Servier, Biogen and Roche, research grants from Pfizer, Avid, and MSD Avenir (paid to the institution), travel funding from Eisai, Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eli Lilly and company, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE-Healthcare and Oryzon Genomics, consultancy fees from Qynapse, Jung Diagnostics, Cytox Ltd., Axovant, Anavex, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE Healthcare, Oryzon Genomics, and Functional Neuromodulation, and participated in scientific advisory boards of Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eisai, Eli Lilly and company, Cytox Ltd., GE Healthcare, Takeda and Zinfandel, Oryzon Genomics and Roche Diagnostics. DA participated in advisory boards from Fujirebio-Europe and Roche Diagnostics and received speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia, Krka Farmacéutica S.L., Zambon S.A.U. and Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A. OG reports consulting fees from Eli Lilly, grants to his institution from Actelion, and prescreening activities for Julius Clinical/Toyama. ABK has been a PI in the drug trials Roche BN29553, Boehringer-Ingelheim 1346.0023 and is PI in Novo Nordisk NN6535-4730. AL has received personal fees for advisory board services and/or speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia,Krka Farmacéutica SL, Biogen and Zambon. PSJ has received personal fees for advisory board from Roche Diagnostics and Zambon. GS participated in one advisory board meeting from Biogen. MI is a paid consultant to BioArctic AB. KS is editor at Acta Neuropathologica and associate editor at Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). All other authors declare no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

Funding

This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Programme, Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Amsterdam dementia Cohort (ADC): Research of the Alzheimer center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. The clinical database structure was developed with funding from Stichting Dioraphte. Genotyping of the Dutch case-control samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW projectnumber 733051061).Part of the work described in this study was carried out in the context of the Parelsnoer Institute (PSI). PSI was part of and funded by the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers and has received initial funding from the Dutch Government (from 2007-2011). Since 2020, this work was carried out in the context of Parelsnoer clinical biobanks at Health-RI ( https://www.health-ri.nl/initiatives/parelsnoer ). Part of the genotyping included in this work was funded by the JPND EADB grant (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant: 01ED1619A). Alfredo Ramirez is also supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) grants Nr: RA 1971/6-1, RA1971/7-1, and RA 1971/8-1. We would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’, Fundació ACE, and CIBERNED. A.R. and M.B. receive support from the European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint undertaking ADAPTED and MOPEAD projects (grant numbers 115975 and 115985, respectively). M.B. and A.R. are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240 and PI19/01301. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)–Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER–‘Una manera de hacer Europa’). The position held by I.dR. is funded by grant. FI20/00215. PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. We would like to thank UCL Genomics, London, UK, for performing the genotyping analyses of the samples within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies and Clinical AD Sweden. The recruitment and clinical characterization of research participants at Washington University were supported by NIH P30AG066444, and P01AG003991. This work was supported by access to equipment made possible by the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, the Neurogenomics and Informatics Center (NGI: https://neurogenomics.wustl.edu/)and the Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. Research at the Belgian EADB site is funded in part by the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAO-FRA), The Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), and the University of Antwerp Research Fund. FK is supported by a BOF DOCPRO fellowship of the University of Antwerp Research Fund. The work of Valdecilla was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitario, PI08/0139, PI12/02288, PI16/01652, and PI20/01011), the JPND (DEMTEST PI11/03028), the CIBERNED, and the Siemens Healthineers. We thank the Valdecilla Biobank (PT17/0015/0019), integrated into the Spanish Biobank Network, for their support and collaboration in sample collection and management. Our heartfelt thanks to the participants of the Valdecilla Cohort for their generosity. The work of ADGEN was supported by EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (301220) and the Academy of Finland (338182). The DELCODE study (Study-ID:BN012 ) was supported and conducted by the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE). The data samples were provided by the DELCODE study group. Details and participating sites can be found at www.dzne.de/en/research/studies/clinical-studies/delcode . The German Dementia Competence Network (KND) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grants Number: 01G10102, 01GI0420, 01GI0422, 01GI0423, 01GI0429, 01GI0431, 01GI0433, 04GI0434, 01GI0711. WF, SvdL, HHolstege, CT and PhS are recipients of ABOARD, which is a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). More than 30 partners participate in ABOARD ( www.aboard-project.nl ). ABOARD also receives funding from de Hersenstichting, Edwin Bouw Fonds and Gieskes-Strijbisfonds. IEJ was partially supported by NWO Gravitation program BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (NWO: 024.004.012). AZ was supported by the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-939988, AF-930582, AF-646061, AF-741361), and the Dementia Foundation (2020-04-13, 2021-04-17). ISk was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALF 716681), the Swedish Research Council (no 11267, 825-2012-5041, 2013-8717, 2015-02830, 2017-00639, 2019-01096), Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (no 2001-2646, 2001-2835, 2001-2849, 2003-0234, 2004-0150, 2005-0762, 2006-0020, 2008-1229, 2008-1210, 2012-1138, 2004-0145, 2006-0596, 2008-1111, 2010-0870, 2013-1202, 2013-2300, 2013-2496), Swedish Brain Power, Hjärnfonden, Sweden (FO2016-0214, FO2018-0214, FO2019- 0163), the Alzheimer's Association Zenith Award (ZEN-01-3151), the Alzheimer's Association Stephanie B. Overstreet Scholars (IIRG-00-2159), the Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-03-6168, IIRG-09-131338) and the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. SK was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-81392, ALF GBG-771071), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-842471, AF-737641, AF-939825), and the Swedish Research Council (2019-02075). MW was supported by the Swedish Research Council 2016-01590. DP was supported by BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (grant no. 024.004.012), and a European Research Council advanced grant (Grant No, ERC-2018-AdG GWAS2FUNC 834057. HZ is a Wallenberg Scholar supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02532), the European Research Council (681712), Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-720931), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (201809-2016862), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 860197 (MIRIADE), and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL. KB was supported by the Swedish Research Council (#2017-00915), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#RDAPB-201809-2016615), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-742881), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243), the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986), the European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders (JPND2019-466-236), the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, (grant #1R01AG068398-01), and the Alzheimer’s Association 2021 Zenith Award (ZEN-21-848495). CC receives support from the National Institutes of Health (R01AG044546, R01AG064877, RF1AG053303, R01AG058501, U01AG058922, RF1AG058501, R01AG064614), and the Chuck Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Research programs of Wiesje van der Flier have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, stichting Alzheimer & Neuropsychiatrie Foundation, Biogen MA Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Fujifilm, Combinostics. WF holds the Pasman chair. WF is recipient of ABOARD, which is a public–private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). WF has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc, and Boehringer Ingelheim. WF has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc, Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), Springer Healthcare. WF is consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, and Biogen MA Inc. WF participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc and Roche. All funding is paid to her institution. WF was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. WF is associate editor at Brain. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). KBlennow has served as a consultant, at advisory boards, or at data monitoring committees for Abcam, Axon, Biogen, JOMDD/Shimadzu. Julius Clinical, Lilly, MagQu, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens Healthineers, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program. OAA is a consultant to HealthLytix, and received speaker’s honorarium from Lundbeck and Sunovion. SE has served at scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Danone, Eisai, icometrix, Pfizer, Novartis, Nutricia, Roche and has received unrestricted research grants from ADx Neurosciences and Janssen Pharmaceutica. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector, GSK and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HHampel is an employee of Eisai Inc. and serves as Senior Associate Editor for the Journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia; during the past three years he had received lecture fees from Servier, Biogen and Roche, research grants from Pfizer, Avid, and MSD Avenir (paid to the institution), travel funding from Eisai, Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eli Lilly and company, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE-Healthcare and Oryzon Genomics, consultancy fees from Qynapse, Jung Diagnostics, Cytox Ltd., Axovant, Anavex, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE Healthcare, Oryzon Genomics, and Functional Neuromodulation, and participated in scientific advisory boards of Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eisai, Eli Lilly and company, Cytox Ltd., GE Healthcare, Takeda and Zinfandel, Oryzon Genomics and Roche Diagnostics. DA participated in advisory boards from Fujirebio-Europe and Roche Diagnostics and received speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia, Krka Farmacéutica S.L., Zambon S.A.U. and Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A. OG reports consulting fees from Eli Lilly, grants to his institution from Actelion, and prescreening activities for Julius Clinical/Toyama. ABK has been a PI in the drug trials Roche BN29553, Boehringer-Ingelheim 1346.0023 and is PI in Novo Nordisk NN6535-4730. AL has received personal fees for advisory board services and/or speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia,Krka Farmacéutica SL, Biogen and Zambon. PSJ has received personal fees for advisory board from Roche Diagnostics and Zambon. GS participated in one advisory board meeting from Biogen. MI is a paid consultant to BioArctic AB. KS is editor at Acta Neuropathologica and associate editor at Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). All other authors declare no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

Funders	Funder number
Fondation pour la Recherche sur Alzheimer
Alzheimer's Association	ZEN-21-848495
Alzheimer's Association
European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders	JPND2019-466-236
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft	RA 1971/8-1, RA 1971/6-1, RA1971/7-1
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Swedish Government	ALF 716681
European Regional Development Fund
Neurodegenerative Disease Research
Academy of Finland	338182
Academy of Finland
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative	PI16/01861, PI13/02434, PI17/01474, PI19/01301, 115985, 115975, PI19/01240
Dementia Foundation	2021-04-17, 2020-04-13
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions	860197
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
Vetenskapsrådet	2013-8717, 2017-00639, 11267, 2019-01096, 2015-02830, 825-2012-5041
Vetenskapsrådet
Alzheimerfonden	AF-930582, AF-939988, AF-741361, AF-646061
Alzheimerfonden
Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek	024.004.012
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Swedish Brain Power, Hjärnfonden, Sweden	FO2019- 0163, FO2016-0214, FO2018-0214
Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine
UK Dementia Research Institute	2017-00915, 2017-0243, -201809-2016615, -742881
UK Dementia Research Institute
National Institutes of Health	U01AG058922, RF1AG058501, R01AG064877, R01AG064614, R01AG044546, R01AG058501, RF1AG053303
National Institutes of Health
Fundació ACE
National Institutes of Health	1R01AG068398-01
National Institutes of Health
Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd	2004-0145, 2001-2646, 2001-2835, 2008-1111, 2008-1210, 2001-2849, 2004-0150, 2013-2496, 2008-1229, 2013-2300, 2005-0762, 2013-1202, 2006-0020, 2010-0870, 2003-0234, 2012-1138, 2006-0596
Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
KND	01GI0429, 01G10102, 04GI0434, 01GI0423, 01GI0711, 01GI0420, 01GI0431, 01GI0422, 01GI0433
Alzheimer's Association	IIRG-00-2159, IIRG-03-6168, ZEN-01-3151, ALF GBG-771071, IIRG-09-131338, ALFGBG-81392, 2019-02075, AF-939825, AF-737641, 2016-01590, AF-842471
Alzheimer's Association
County Councils	-715986
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
Universiteit Antwerpen
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research	301220
EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research
JPND EADB
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
European Regional Development Fund	FI20/00215, P01AG003991, P30AG066444
European Regional Development Fund
EU Joint Programme
Edwin Bouw Fonds and Gieskes-Strijbisfonds
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung	01ED1619A
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
German Dementia Competence Network
Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent	PI16/01652, PI08/0139, PI20/01011, PI12/02288, PI11/03028
Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent
Swedish State Support for Clinical Research	ALFGBG-720931
Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation	201809-2016862
Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation
Hope Center for Neurological Disorders
Neurogenomics and Informatics Center
European Research Council	ERC-2018-AdG GWAS2FUNC 834057, 2018-02532, 681712
European Research Council
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
SAO-FRA
Siemens Healthineers
European Alzheimer
Novartis
Eisai
Pfizer
Eisai
Eli Lilly and Company
Health~Holland
Roche
Topsector Life Sciences & Health	20106
Eli Lilly and Company
Biogen
Servier
Cytox Ltd.
ZonMw
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
EU-JPND
Seventh Framework Programme
GE Healthcare

Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease
Amyloid-beta
Cerebrospinal fluid
GWAS
Tau

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z

Persistent URL (handle)

Persistent link

Cite this

@article{f2cbfbc7cc564a758d1961aabe47c849,

title = "Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers",

abstract = "Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect core features of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease (AD) more directly than clinical diagnosis. Initiated by the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), the largest collaborative effort on genetics underlying CSF biomarkers was established, including 31 cohorts with a total of 13,116 individuals (discovery n = 8074; replication n = 5042 individuals). Besides the APOE locus, novel associations with two other well-established AD risk loci were observed; CR1 was shown a locus for Aβ42 and BIN1 for pTau. GMNC and C16orf95 were further identified as loci for pTau, of which the latter is novel. Clustering methods exploring the influence of all known AD risk loci on the CSF protein levels, revealed 4 biological categories suggesting multiple Aβ42 and pTau related biological pathways involved in the etiology of AD. In functional follow-up analyses, GMNC and C16orf95 both associated with lateral ventricular volume, implying an overlap in genetic etiology for tau levels and brain ventricular volume.",

keywords = "Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, Amyloid-beta, Cerebrospinal fluid, GWAS, Tau",

author = "Jansen, {Iris E.} and {van der Lee}, {Sven J.} and Duber Gomez-Fonseca and {de Rojas}, Itziar and Dalmasso, {Maria Carolina} and Benjamin Grenier-Boley and Anna Zettergren and Aniket Mishra and Muhammad Ali and Victor Andrade and C{\'e}line Bellenguez and Luca Kleineidam and Fahri K{\"u}{\c c}{\"u}kali and Sung, {Yun Ju} and Niccolo Tes{\'i} and Vromen, {Ellen M.} and Wightman, {Douglas P.} and Daniel Alcolea and Montserrat Alegret and Ignacio Alvarez and Philippe Amouyel and Lavinia Athanasiu and Shahram Bahrami and Henri Bailly and Olivia Belbin and Sverre Bergh and Lars Bertram and Biessels, {Geert Jan} and Kaj Blennow and Rafael Blesa and Merc{\`e} Boada and Anne Boland and Katharina Buerger and {\'A}ngel Carracedo and Laura Cervera-Carles and Genevi{\`e}ve Chene and Claassen, {Jurgen A.H.R.} and Stephanie Debette and Deleuze, {Jean Francois} and {de Deyn}, {Peter Paul} and Janine Diehl-Schmid and Srdjan Djurovic and Oriol Dols-Icardo and Carole Dufouil and Emmanuelle Duron and Emrah D{\"u}zel and Tormod Fladby and Juan Fortea and Lutz Fr{\"o}lich and Pablo Garc{\'i}a-Gonz{\'a}lez and Maria Garcia-Martinez and Ina Giegling and Oliver Goldhardt and Johan Gobom and Timo Grimmer and Annakaisa Haapasalo and Harald Hampel and Olivier Hanon and Lucrezia Hausner and Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach and Seppo Helisalmi and Heneka, {Michael T.} and Isabel Hern{\'a}ndez and Herukka, {Sanna Kaisa} and Henne Holstege and Jonas Jarholm and Silke Kern and Knapskog, {Anne Brita} and Koivisto, {Anne M.} and Johannes Kornhuber and Teemu Kuulasmaa and Carmen Lage and Christoph Laske and Ville Leinonen and Piotr Lewczuk and Alberto Lle{\'o} and {de Munain}, {Adolfo L{\'o}pez} and Sara Lopez-Garcia and Wolfgang Maier and Marta Marqui{\'e} and Mol, {Merel O.} and Laura Montrreal and Fermin Moreno and Sonia Moreno-Grau and Gael Nicolas and N{\"o}then, {Markus M.} and Adelina Orellana and Lene P{\aa}lhaugen and Papma, {Janne M.} and Florence Pasquier and Robert Perneczky and Oliver Peters and Pijnenburg, {Yolande A.L.} and Julius Popp and Danielle Posthuma and Ana Pozueta and Josef Priller and Raquel Puerta and In{\'e}s Quintela and Inez Ramakers and Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez and Dan Rujescu and Ingvild Saltvedt and Pascual Sanchez-Juan and Philip Scheltens and Norbert Scherbaum and Matthias Schmid and Anja Schneider and Geir Selb{\ae}k and Per Selnes and Alexey Shadrin and Ingmar Skoog and Hilkka Soininen and Llu{\'i}s T{\'a}rraga and Stefan Teipel and Betty Tijms and Magda Tsolaki and {Van Broeckhoven}, Christine and {Van Dongen}, Jasper and {van Swieten}, {John C.} and Rik Vandenberghe and Vidal, {Jean S{\'e}bastien} and Visser, {Pieter J.} and Jonathan Vogelgsang and Margda Waern and Michael Wagner and Jens Wiltfang and Wittens, {Mandy M.J.} and Henrik Zetterberg and Miren Zulaica and {van Duijn}, {Cornelia M.} and Maria Bjerke and Sebastiaan Engelborghs and Frank Jessen and Teunissen, {Charlotte E.} and Pau Pastor and Mikko Hiltunen and Martin Ingelsson and Andreassen, {Ole A.} and Jordi Clarim{\'o}n and Kristel Sleegers and Agust{\'i}n Ruiz and Alfredo Ramirez and Carlos Cruchaga and Lambert, {Jean Charles} and {van der Flier}, Wiesje and {EADB consortium} and {The GR@ACE study group}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Programme, Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Amsterdam dementia Cohort (ADC): Research of the Alzheimer center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. The clinical database structure was developed with funding from Stichting Dioraphte. Genotyping of the Dutch case-control samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW projectnumber 733051061).Part of the work described in this study was carried out in the context of the Parelsnoer Institute (PSI). PSI was part of and funded by the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers and has received initial funding from the Dutch Government (from 2007-2011). Since 2020, this work was carried out in the context of Parelsnoer clinical biobanks at Health-RI ( https://www.health-ri.nl/initiatives/parelsnoer ). Part of the genotyping included in this work was funded by the JPND EADB grant (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant: 01ED1619A). Alfredo Ramirez is also supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) grants Nr: RA 1971/6-1, RA1971/7-1, and RA 1971/8-1. We would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. The Genome Research @ Fundaci{\'o} ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundaci{\'o}n bancaria {\textquoteleft}La Caixa{\textquoteright}, Fundaci{\'o} ACE, and CIBERNED. A.R. and M.B. receive support from the European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint undertaking ADAPTED and MOPEAD projects (grant numbers 115975 and 115985, respectively). M.B. and A.R. are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240 and PI19/01301. Acci{\'o}n Estrat{\'e}gica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)–Subdirecci{\'o}n General de Evaluaci{\'o}n and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER–{\textquoteleft}Una manera de hacer Europa{\textquoteright}). The position held by I.dR. is funded by grant. FI20/00215. PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formaci{\'o}n en Investigaci{\'o}n en Salud. We would like to thank UCL Genomics, London, UK, for performing the genotyping analyses of the samples within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies and Clinical AD Sweden. The recruitment and clinical characterization of research participants at Washington University were supported by NIH P30AG066444, and P01AG003991. This work was supported by access to equipment made possible by the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, the Neurogenomics and Informatics Center (NGI: https://neurogenomics.wustl.edu/)and the Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. Research at the Belgian EADB site is funded in part by the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAO-FRA), The Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), and the University of Antwerp Research Fund. FK is supported by a BOF DOCPRO fellowship of the University of Antwerp Research Fund. The work of Valdecilla was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigaci{\'o}n Sanitario, PI08/0139, PI12/02288, PI16/01652, and PI20/01011), the JPND (DEMTEST PI11/03028), the CIBERNED, and the Siemens Healthineers. We thank the Valdecilla Biobank (PT17/0015/0019), integrated into the Spanish Biobank Network, for their support and collaboration in sample collection and management. Our heartfelt thanks to the participants of the Valdecilla Cohort for their generosity. The work of ADGEN was supported by EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (301220) and the Academy of Finland (338182). The DELCODE study (Study-ID:BN012 ) was supported and conducted by the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE). The data samples were provided by the DELCODE study group. Details and participating sites can be found at www.dzne.de/en/research/studies/clinical-studies/delcode . The German Dementia Competence Network (KND) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grants Number: 01G10102, 01GI0420, 01GI0422, 01GI0423, 01GI0429, 01GI0431, 01GI0433, 04GI0434, 01GI0711. WF, SvdL, HHolstege, CT and PhS are recipients of ABOARD, which is a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). More than 30 partners participate in ABOARD ( www.aboard-project.nl ). ABOARD also receives funding from de Hersenstichting, Edwin Bouw Fonds and Gieskes-Strijbisfonds. IEJ was partially supported by NWO Gravitation program BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (NWO: 024.004.012). AZ was supported by the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-939988, AF-930582, AF-646061, AF-741361), and the Dementia Foundation (2020-04-13, 2021-04-17). ISk was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALF 716681), the Swedish Research Council (no 11267, 825-2012-5041, 2013-8717, 2015-02830, 2017-00639, 2019-01096), Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (no 2001-2646, 2001-2835, 2001-2849, 2003-0234, 2004-0150, 2005-0762, 2006-0020, 2008-1229, 2008-1210, 2012-1138, 2004-0145, 2006-0596, 2008-1111, 2010-0870, 2013-1202, 2013-2300, 2013-2496), Swedish Brain Power, Hj{\"a}rnfonden, Sweden (FO2016-0214, FO2018-0214, FO2019- 0163), the Alzheimer's Association Zenith Award (ZEN-01-3151), the Alzheimer's Association Stephanie B. Overstreet Scholars (IIRG-00-2159), the Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-03-6168, IIRG-09-131338) and the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. SK was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-81392, ALF GBG-771071), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-842471, AF-737641, AF-939825), and the Swedish Research Council (2019-02075). MW was supported by the Swedish Research Council 2016-01590. DP was supported by BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (grant no. 024.004.012), and a European Research Council advanced grant (Grant No, ERC-2018-AdG GWAS2FUNC 834057. HZ is a Wallenberg Scholar supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02532), the European Research Council (681712), Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-720931), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (201809-2016862), the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant agreement No 860197 (MIRIADE), and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL. KB was supported by the Swedish Research Council (#2017-00915), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#RDAPB-201809-2016615), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-742881), Hj{\"a}rnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243), the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986), the European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders (JPND2019-466-236), the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, (grant #1R01AG068398-01), and the Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Association 2021 Zenith Award (ZEN-21-848495). CC receives support from the National Institutes of Health (R01AG044546, R01AG064877, RF1AG053303, R01AG058501, U01AG058922, RF1AG058501, R01AG064614), and the Chuck Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Funding Information: Research programs of Wiesje van der Flier have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, stichting Alzheimer & Neuropsychiatrie Foundation, Biogen MA Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Fujifilm, Combinostics. WF holds the Pasman chair. WF is recipient of ABOARD, which is a public–private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). WF has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc, and Boehringer Ingelheim. WF has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc, Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), Springer Healthcare. WF is consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, and Biogen MA Inc. WF participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc and Roche. All funding is paid to her institution. WF was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. WF is associate editor at Brain. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). KBlennow has served as a consultant, at advisory boards, or at data monitoring committees for Abcam, Axon, Biogen, JOMDD/Shimadzu. Julius Clinical, Lilly, MagQu, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens Healthineers, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program. OAA is a consultant to HealthLytix, and received speaker{\textquoteright}s honorarium from Lundbeck and Sunovion. SE has served at scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Danone, Eisai, icometrix, Pfizer, Novartis, Nutricia, Roche and has received unrestricted research grants from ADx Neurosciences and Janssen Pharmaceutica. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector, GSK and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HHampel is an employee of Eisai Inc. and serves as Senior Associate Editor for the Journal Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s & Dementia; during the past three years he had received lecture fees from Servier, Biogen and Roche, research grants from Pfizer, Avid, and MSD Avenir (paid to the institution), travel funding from Eisai, Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eli Lilly and company, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE-Healthcare and Oryzon Genomics, consultancy fees from Qynapse, Jung Diagnostics, Cytox Ltd., Axovant, Anavex, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE Healthcare, Oryzon Genomics, and Functional Neuromodulation, and participated in scientific advisory boards of Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eisai, Eli Lilly and company, Cytox Ltd., GE Healthcare, Takeda and Zinfandel, Oryzon Genomics and Roche Diagnostics. DA participated in advisory boards from Fujirebio-Europe and Roche Diagnostics and received speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia, Krka Farmac{\'e}utica S.L., Zambon S.A.U. and Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A. OG reports consulting fees from Eli Lilly, grants to his institution from Actelion, and prescreening activities for Julius Clinical/Toyama. ABK has been a PI in the drug trials Roche BN29553, Boehringer-Ingelheim 1346.0023 and is PI in Novo Nordisk NN6535-4730. AL has received personal fees for advisory board services and/or speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia,Krka Farmac{\'e}utica SL, Biogen and Zambon. PSJ has received personal fees for advisory board from Roche Diagnostics and Zambon. GS participated in one advisory board meeting from Biogen. MI is a paid consultant to BioArctic AB. KS is editor at Acta Neuropathologica and associate editor at Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Research & Therapy. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). All other authors declare no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z",

language = "English",

volume = "144",

pages = "821--842",

journal = "Acta Neuropathologica",

issn = "0001-6322",

publisher = "Springer Verlag",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

AU - Jansen, Iris E.

AU - van der Lee, Sven J.

AU - Gomez-Fonseca, Duber

AU - de Rojas, Itziar

AU - Dalmasso, Maria Carolina

AU - Grenier-Boley, Benjamin

AU - Zettergren, Anna

AU - Mishra, Aniket

AU - Ali, Muhammad

AU - Andrade, Victor

AU - Bellenguez, Céline

AU - Kleineidam, Luca

AU - Küçükali, Fahri

AU - Sung, Yun Ju

AU - Tesí, Niccolo

AU - Vromen, Ellen M.

AU - Wightman, Douglas P.

AU - Alcolea, Daniel

AU - Alegret, Montserrat

AU - Alvarez, Ignacio

AU - Amouyel, Philippe

AU - Athanasiu, Lavinia

AU - Bahrami, Shahram

AU - Bailly, Henri

AU - Belbin, Olivia

AU - Bergh, Sverre

AU - Bertram, Lars

AU - Biessels, Geert Jan

AU - Blennow, Kaj

AU - Blesa, Rafael

AU - Boada, Mercè

AU - Boland, Anne

AU - Buerger, Katharina

AU - Carracedo, Ángel

AU - Cervera-Carles, Laura

AU - Chene, Geneviève

AU - Claassen, Jurgen A.H.R.

AU - Debette, Stephanie

AU - Deleuze, Jean Francois

AU - de Deyn, Peter Paul

AU - Diehl-Schmid, Janine

AU - Djurovic, Srdjan

AU - Dols-Icardo, Oriol

AU - Dufouil, Carole

AU - Duron, Emmanuelle

AU - Düzel, Emrah

AU - Fladby, Tormod

AU - Fortea, Juan

AU - Frölich, Lutz

AU - García-González, Pablo

AU - Garcia-Martinez, Maria

AU - Giegling, Ina

AU - Goldhardt, Oliver

AU - Gobom, Johan

AU - Grimmer, Timo

AU - Haapasalo, Annakaisa

AU - Hampel, Harald

AU - Hanon, Olivier

AU - Hausner, Lucrezia

AU - Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie

AU - Helisalmi, Seppo

AU - Heneka, Michael T.

AU - Hernández, Isabel

AU - Herukka, Sanna Kaisa

AU - Holstege, Henne

AU - Jarholm, Jonas

AU - Kern, Silke

AU - Knapskog, Anne Brita

AU - Koivisto, Anne M.

AU - Kornhuber, Johannes

AU - Kuulasmaa, Teemu

AU - Lage, Carmen

AU - Laske, Christoph

AU - Leinonen, Ville

AU - Lewczuk, Piotr

AU - Lleó, Alberto

AU - de Munain, Adolfo López

AU - Lopez-Garcia, Sara

AU - Maier, Wolfgang

AU - Marquié, Marta

AU - Mol, Merel O.

AU - Montrreal, Laura

AU - Moreno, Fermin

AU - Moreno-Grau, Sonia

AU - Nicolas, Gael

AU - Nöthen, Markus M.

AU - Orellana, Adelina

AU - Pålhaugen, Lene

AU - Papma, Janne M.

AU - Pasquier, Florence

AU - Perneczky, Robert

AU - Peters, Oliver

AU - Pijnenburg, Yolande A.L.

AU - Popp, Julius

AU - Posthuma, Danielle

AU - Pozueta, Ana

AU - Priller, Josef

AU - Puerta, Raquel

AU - Quintela, Inés

AU - Ramakers, Inez

AU - Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Eloy

AU - Rujescu, Dan

AU - Saltvedt, Ingvild

AU - Sanchez-Juan, Pascual

AU - Scheltens, Philip

AU - Scherbaum, Norbert

AU - Schmid, Matthias

AU - Schneider, Anja

AU - Selbæk, Geir

AU - Selnes, Per

AU - Shadrin, Alexey

AU - Skoog, Ingmar

AU - Soininen, Hilkka

AU - Tárraga, Lluís

AU - Teipel, Stefan

AU - Tijms, Betty

AU - Tsolaki, Magda

AU - Van Broeckhoven, Christine

AU - Van Dongen, Jasper

AU - van Swieten, John C.

AU - Vandenberghe, Rik

AU - Vidal, Jean Sébastien

AU - Visser, Pieter J.

AU - Vogelgsang, Jonathan

AU - Waern, Margda

AU - Wagner, Michael

AU - Wiltfang, Jens

AU - Wittens, Mandy M.J.

AU - Zetterberg, Henrik

AU - Zulaica, Miren

AU - van Duijn, Cornelia M.

AU - Bjerke, Maria

AU - Engelborghs, Sebastiaan

AU - Jessen, Frank

AU - Teunissen, Charlotte E.

AU - Pastor, Pau

AU - Hiltunen, Mikko

AU - Ingelsson, Martin

AU - Andreassen, Ole A.

AU - Clarimón, Jordi

AU - Sleegers, Kristel

AU - Ruiz, Agustín

AU - Ramirez, Alfredo

AU - Cruchaga, Carlos

AU - Lambert, Jean Charles

AU - van der Flier, Wiesje

AU - EADB consortium

AU - The GR@ACE study group

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Programme, Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Amsterdam dementia Cohort (ADC): Research of the Alzheimer center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. The clinical database structure was developed with funding from Stichting Dioraphte. Genotyping of the Dutch case-control samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW projectnumber 733051061).Part of the work described in this study was carried out in the context of the Parelsnoer Institute (PSI). PSI was part of and funded by the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers and has received initial funding from the Dutch Government (from 2007-2011). Since 2020, this work was carried out in the context of Parelsnoer clinical biobanks at Health-RI ( https://www.health-ri.nl/initiatives/parelsnoer ). Part of the genotyping included in this work was funded by the JPND EADB grant (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant: 01ED1619A). Alfredo Ramirez is also supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) grants Nr: RA 1971/6-1, RA1971/7-1, and RA 1971/8-1. We would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’, Fundació ACE, and CIBERNED. A.R. and M.B. receive support from the European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint undertaking ADAPTED and MOPEAD projects (grant numbers 115975 and 115985, respectively). M.B. and A.R. are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240 and PI19/01301. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)–Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER–‘Una manera de hacer Europa’). The position held by I.dR. is funded by grant. FI20/00215. PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. We would like to thank UCL Genomics, London, UK, for performing the genotyping analyses of the samples within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies and Clinical AD Sweden. The recruitment and clinical characterization of research participants at Washington University were supported by NIH P30AG066444, and P01AG003991. This work was supported by access to equipment made possible by the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, the Neurogenomics and Informatics Center (NGI: https://neurogenomics.wustl.edu/)and the Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. Research at the Belgian EADB site is funded in part by the Alzheimer Research Foundation (SAO-FRA), The Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), and the University of Antwerp Research Fund. FK is supported by a BOF DOCPRO fellowship of the University of Antwerp Research Fund. The work of Valdecilla was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitario, PI08/0139, PI12/02288, PI16/01652, and PI20/01011), the JPND (DEMTEST PI11/03028), the CIBERNED, and the Siemens Healthineers. We thank the Valdecilla Biobank (PT17/0015/0019), integrated into the Spanish Biobank Network, for their support and collaboration in sample collection and management. Our heartfelt thanks to the participants of the Valdecilla Cohort for their generosity. The work of ADGEN was supported by EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (301220) and the Academy of Finland (338182). The DELCODE study (Study-ID:BN012 ) was supported and conducted by the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE). The data samples were provided by the DELCODE study group. Details and participating sites can be found at www.dzne.de/en/research/studies/clinical-studies/delcode . The German Dementia Competence Network (KND) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grants Number: 01G10102, 01GI0420, 01GI0422, 01GI0423, 01GI0429, 01GI0431, 01GI0433, 04GI0434, 01GI0711. WF, SvdL, HHolstege, CT and PhS are recipients of ABOARD, which is a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). More than 30 partners participate in ABOARD ( www.aboard-project.nl ). ABOARD also receives funding from de Hersenstichting, Edwin Bouw Fonds and Gieskes-Strijbisfonds. IEJ was partially supported by NWO Gravitation program BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (NWO: 024.004.012). AZ was supported by the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-939988, AF-930582, AF-646061, AF-741361), and the Dementia Foundation (2020-04-13, 2021-04-17). ISk was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALF 716681), the Swedish Research Council (no 11267, 825-2012-5041, 2013-8717, 2015-02830, 2017-00639, 2019-01096), Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (no 2001-2646, 2001-2835, 2001-2849, 2003-0234, 2004-0150, 2005-0762, 2006-0020, 2008-1229, 2008-1210, 2012-1138, 2004-0145, 2006-0596, 2008-1111, 2010-0870, 2013-1202, 2013-2300, 2013-2496), Swedish Brain Power, Hjärnfonden, Sweden (FO2016-0214, FO2018-0214, FO2019- 0163), the Alzheimer's Association Zenith Award (ZEN-01-3151), the Alzheimer's Association Stephanie B. Overstreet Scholars (IIRG-00-2159), the Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-03-6168, IIRG-09-131338) and the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. SK was supported by the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-81392, ALF GBG-771071), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (AF-842471, AF-737641, AF-939825), and the Swedish Research Council (2019-02075). MW was supported by the Swedish Research Council 2016-01590. DP was supported by BRAINSCAPES: A Roadmap from Neurogenetics to Neurobiology (grant no. 024.004.012), and a European Research Council advanced grant (Grant No, ERC-2018-AdG GWAS2FUNC 834057. HZ is a Wallenberg Scholar supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02532), the European Research Council (681712), Swedish State Support for Clinical Research (ALFGBG-720931), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (201809-2016862), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 860197 (MIRIADE), and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL. KB was supported by the Swedish Research Council (#2017-00915), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#RDAPB-201809-2016615), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-742881), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243), the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986), the European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders (JPND2019-466-236), the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, (grant #1R01AG068398-01), and the Alzheimer’s Association 2021 Zenith Award (ZEN-21-848495). CC receives support from the National Institutes of Health (R01AG044546, R01AG064877, RF1AG053303, R01AG058501, U01AG058922, RF1AG058501, R01AG064614), and the Chuck Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Funding Information: Research programs of Wiesje van der Flier have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, stichting Alzheimer & Neuropsychiatrie Foundation, Biogen MA Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Fujifilm, Combinostics. WF holds the Pasman chair. WF is recipient of ABOARD, which is a public–private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (#73305095007) and Health ~ Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). WF has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc, and Boehringer Ingelheim. WF has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc, Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), Springer Healthcare. WF is consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, and Biogen MA Inc. WF participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc and Roche. All funding is paid to her institution. WF was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. WF is associate editor at Brain. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). KBlennow has served as a consultant, at advisory boards, or at data monitoring committees for Abcam, Axon, Biogen, JOMDD/Shimadzu. Julius Clinical, Lilly, MagQu, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens Healthineers, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program. OAA is a consultant to HealthLytix, and received speaker’s honorarium from Lundbeck and Sunovion. SE has served at scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Danone, Eisai, icometrix, Pfizer, Novartis, Nutricia, Roche and has received unrestricted research grants from ADx Neurosciences and Janssen Pharmaceutica. CC receives research support from: Biogen, EISAI, Alector, GSK and Parabon. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. CC is a member of the advisory board of Vivid genetics, Halia Therapeutics and ADx Healthcare. HHampel is an employee of Eisai Inc. and serves as Senior Associate Editor for the Journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia; during the past three years he had received lecture fees from Servier, Biogen and Roche, research grants from Pfizer, Avid, and MSD Avenir (paid to the institution), travel funding from Eisai, Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eli Lilly and company, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE-Healthcare and Oryzon Genomics, consultancy fees from Qynapse, Jung Diagnostics, Cytox Ltd., Axovant, Anavex, Takeda and Zinfandel, GE Healthcare, Oryzon Genomics, and Functional Neuromodulation, and participated in scientific advisory boards of Functional Neuromodulation, Axovant, Eisai, Eli Lilly and company, Cytox Ltd., GE Healthcare, Takeda and Zinfandel, Oryzon Genomics and Roche Diagnostics. DA participated in advisory boards from Fujirebio-Europe and Roche Diagnostics and received speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia, Krka Farmacéutica S.L., Zambon S.A.U. and Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A. OG reports consulting fees from Eli Lilly, grants to his institution from Actelion, and prescreening activities for Julius Clinical/Toyama. ABK has been a PI in the drug trials Roche BN29553, Boehringer-Ingelheim 1346.0023 and is PI in Novo Nordisk NN6535-4730. AL has received personal fees for advisory board services and/or speaker honoraria from Fujirebio-Europe, Roche Diagnostics, Nutricia,Krka Farmacéutica SL, Biogen and Zambon. PSJ has received personal fees for advisory board from Roche Diagnostics and Zambon. GS participated in one advisory board meeting from Biogen. MI is a paid consultant to BioArctic AB. KS is editor at Acta Neuropathologica and associate editor at Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Denali, Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Pinteon Therapeutics and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Fujirebio, Alzecure and Biogen, and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside submitted work). All other authors declare no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/11

Y1 - 2022/11

N2 - Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect core features of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) more directly than clinical diagnosis. Initiated by the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), the largest collaborative effort on genetics underlying CSF biomarkers was established, including 31 cohorts with a total of 13,116 individuals (discovery n = 8074; replication n = 5042 individuals). Besides the APOE locus, novel associations with two other well-established AD risk loci were observed; CR1 was shown a locus for Aβ42 and BIN1 for pTau. GMNC and C16orf95 were further identified as loci for pTau, of which the latter is novel. Clustering methods exploring the influence of all known AD risk loci on the CSF protein levels, revealed 4 biological categories suggesting multiple Aβ42 and pTau related biological pathways involved in the etiology of AD. In functional follow-up analyses, GMNC and C16orf95 both associated with lateral ventricular volume, implying an overlap in genetic etiology for tau levels and brain ventricular volume.

AB - Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect core features of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) more directly than clinical diagnosis. Initiated by the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), the largest collaborative effort on genetics underlying CSF biomarkers was established, including 31 cohorts with a total of 13,116 individuals (discovery n = 8074; replication n = 5042 individuals). Besides the APOE locus, novel associations with two other well-established AD risk loci were observed; CR1 was shown a locus for Aβ42 and BIN1 for pTau. GMNC and C16orf95 were further identified as loci for pTau, of which the latter is novel. Clustering methods exploring the influence of all known AD risk loci on the CSF protein levels, revealed 4 biological categories suggesting multiple Aβ42 and pTau related biological pathways involved in the etiology of AD. In functional follow-up analyses, GMNC and C16orf95 both associated with lateral ventricular volume, implying an overlap in genetic etiology for tau levels and brain ventricular volume.

KW - Alzheimer’s disease

KW - Amyloid-beta

KW - Cerebrospinal fluid

KW - GWAS

KW - Tau

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85137914762&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85137914762&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z

DO - 10.1007/s00401-022-02454-z

M3 - Article

C2 - 36066633

AN - SCOPUS:85137914762

SN - 0001-6322

VL - 144

SP - 821

EP - 842

JO - Acta Neuropathologica

JF - Acta Neuropathologica

IS - 5

ER -

Genome-wide meta-analysis for Alzheimer’s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Persistent URL (handle)

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this