Going complex or going easy? The impact of research questions on citations

The growing need for academic impact requires researchers to develop and address important ideas. In this paper, we analyze how theory has been framed and operationalized within international business scholarship, which has a long tradition of producing research that accounts jointly for multiple research contexts and levels of analysis. We focus on two key aspects of published articles: the complexity of their research questions and how the research questions are translated into testable hypotheses. We further assess how the complexity and operationalization of research questions have been received by business/management, interdisciplinary, and practice-oriented research audiences. To achieve this, we examine a sample of 423 quantitative articles published in the Journal of International Business Studies between 2005 and 2015, and consider the articles’ citations during 2010–2020. Our paper provides suggestions about how authors might better frame research questions that are both important and impactful.