Haptic parallelity perception on the frontoparallel plane: The involvement of reference frames

It has been established that spatial representation in the haptic modality is subject to systematic distortions. In this study, the haptic perception of parallelity on the frontoparallel plane was investigated in a bimanual matching paradigm. Eight reference orientations and 23 combinations of stimulus locations were used. The current hypothesis from studies conducted on the horizontal and midsagittal planes presupposes that what is haptically perceived as parallel is a product of weighted contributions from both egocentric and allocentric reference frames. In our study, we assessed a correlation between deviations from the veridical and hand/arm postures and found support for the role of an intermediate frame of reference in modulating haptic parallelity on the frontoparallel plane as well. Moreover, a subject-dependent biasing influence of the egocentric reference frame determines both the reversal of the oblique effect and a scaling effect in deviations as a function of bar position.