High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Wen Yong Guo; Josep M. Serra-Diaz; Franziska Schrodt; Wolf L. Eiserhardt; Brian S. Maitner; Cory Merow; Cyrille Violle; Madhur Anand; Michaël Belluau; Hans Henrik Bruun; Chaeho Byun; Jane A. Catford; Bruno E.L. Cerabolini; Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal; Daniela Ciccarelli; J. Hans C. Cornelissen; Anh Tuan Dang-Le; Angel de Frutos; Arildo S. Dias; Aelton B. Giroldo; Kun Guo; Alvaro G. Gutiérrez; Wesley Hattingh; Tianhua He; Peter Hietz; Nate Hough-Snee; Steven Jansen; Jens Kattge; Tamir Klein; Benjamin Komac; Nathan J.B. Kraft; Koen Kramer; Sandra Lavorel; Christopher H. Lusk; Adam R. Martin; Maurizio Mencuccini; Sean T. Michaletz; Vanessa Minden; Akira S. Mori; Ülo Niinemets; Yusuke Onoda; Josep Peñuelas; Valério D. Pillar; Jan Pisek; Bjorn J.M. Robroek; Brandon Schamp; Martijn Slot; Ênio Egon Sosinski; Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia; Nelson Thiffault; Peter van Bodegom; Fons van der Plas; Ian J. Wright; Wu Bing Xu; Jingming Zheng; Brian J. Enquist; Jens Christian Svenning

doi:10.1073/pnas.2026733119

High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Wen Yong Guo
, Josep M. Serra-Diaz
, Franziska Schrodt
, Wolf L. Eiserhardt
, Brian S. Maitner
, Cory Merow
, Cyrille Violle
, Madhur Anand
, Michaël Belluau
, Hans Henrik Bruun
, Chaeho Byun
, Jane A. Catford
, Bruno E.L. Cerabolini
, Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal
, Daniela Ciccarelli
, J. Hans C. Cornelissen
, Anh Tuan Dang-Le
, Angel de Frutos
, Arildo S. Dias
, Aelton B. Giroldo

Kun Guo, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Wesley Hattingh, Tianhua He, Peter Hietz, Nate Hough-Snee, Steven Jansen, Jens Kattge, Tamir Klein, Benjamin Komac, Nathan J.B. Kraft, Koen Kramer, Sandra Lavorel, Christopher H. Lusk, Adam R. Martin, Maurizio Mencuccini, Sean T. Michaletz, Vanessa Minden, Akira S. Mori, Ülo Niinemets, Yusuke Onoda, Josep Peñuelas, Valério D. Pillar, Jan Pisek, Bjorn J.M. Robroek, Brandon Schamp, Martijn Slot, Ênio Egon Sosinski, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Nelson Thiffault, Peter van Bodegom, Fons van der Plas, Ian J. Wright, Wu Bing Xu, Jingming Zheng, Brian J. Enquist, Jens Christian Svenning

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5% and 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.

Original language	English
Article number	e2026733119
Pages (from-to)	1-11
Number of pages	11
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	119
Issue number	25
Early online date	16 Jun 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026733119
Publication status	Published - 21 Jun 2022

Funding

AK, AKPM, ALCB, ALTA, ALU, AMD, AMES, AMNH, AMO, ANGU, ANSM, ANSP, AQP, ARAN, ARIZ, AS, ASDM, ASU, AUT, AV, AWH, B, BA, BAA, BAB, BABY, BACP, BAF, BAFC, BAI, BAJ, BAL, BARC, BAS, BBB, BBS, BC, BCMEX, BCN, BCRU, BEREA, BESA, BG, BH, BHCB, BIO, BISH, BLA, BM, BOCH, BOL, BOLV, BONN, BOON, BOTU, BOUM, BPI, BR, BREM, BRI, BRIT, BRLU, BRM, BSB, BUT, C, CALI, CAN, CANB, CANU, CAS, CATA, CATIE, CAY, CBM, CDA, CDBI, CEN, CEPEC, CESJ, CGE, CGMS, CHAM, CHAPA, CHAS, CHR, CHSC, CIB, CICY, CIIDIR, CIMI, CINC, CLEMS, CLF, CMM, CMMEX, CNPO, CNS, COA, COAH, COCA, CODAGEM, COFC, COL, COLO, CONC, CORD, CP, CPAP, CPUN, CR, CRAI, CRP, CS, CSU, CSUSB, CTES, CTESN, CU, CUVC, CUZ, CVRD, DAO, DAV, DBG, DBN, DES, DLF, DNA, DPU, DR, DS, DSM, DUKE, DUSS, E, EA, EAC, EAN, EBUM, ECON, EIF, EIU, EMMA, ENCB, ER, ERA, ESA, ETH, F, FAA, FAU, FAUC, FB, FCME, FCO, FCQ, FEN, FHO, FI, FLAS, FLOR, FM, FR, FRU, FSU, FTG, FUEL, FULD, FURB, G, GAT, GB, GDA, GENT, GES, GH, GI, GLM, GMDRC, GMNHJ, GOET, GRA, GUA, GZU, H, HA, HAC, HAL, HAM, HAMAB, HAO, HAS, HASU, HB, HBG, HBR, HCIB, HEID, HGM, HIB, HIP, HNT, HO, HPL, HRCB, HRP, HSC, HSS, HU, HUA, HUAA, HUAL, HUAZ, HUCP, HUEFS, HUEM, HUFU, HUJ, HUSA, HUT, HXBH, HYO, IAA, IAC, IAN, IB, IBGE, IBK, IBSC, IBUG, ICEL, ICESI, ICN, IEA, IEB, ILL, ILLS, IMSSM, INB, INEGI, INIF, INM, INPA, IPA, IPRN, IRVC, ISC, ISKW, ISL, ISTC, ISU, IZAC, IZTA, JACA, JBAG, JBGP, JCT, JE, JEPS, JOTR, JROH, JUA, JYV, K, KIEL, KMN, KMNH, KOELN, KOR, KPM, KSC, KSTC, KSU, KTU, KU, KUN, KYO, L, LA, LAGU, LBG, LD, LE, LEB, LIL, LINC, LINN, LISE, LISI, LISU, LL, LMS, LOJA, LOMA, LP, LPAG, LPB, LPD, LPS, LSU, LSUM, LTB, LTR, LW, LYJB, LZ, M, MA, MACF, MAF, MAK, MARS, MARY, MASS, MB, MBK, MBM, MBML, MCNS, MEL, MELU, MEN, MERL, MEXU, MFA, MFU, MG, MGC, MICH, MIL, MIN, MISSA, MJG, MMMN, MNHM, MNHN, MO, MOL, MOR, MPN, MPU, MPUC, MSB, MSC, MSUN, MT, MTMG, MU, MUB, MUR, MVFA, MVFQ, MVJB, MVM, MW, MY, N, NA, NAC, NAS, NCU, NE, NH, NHM, NHMC, NHT, NLH, NM, NMB, NMNL, NMR, NMSU, NSPM, NSW, NT, NU, NUM, NY, NZFRI, O, OBI, ODU, OS, OSA, OSC, OSH, OULU, OWU, OXF, P, PACA, PAMP, PAR, PASA, PDD, PE, PEL, PERTH, PEUFR, PFC, PGM, PH, PKDC, PLAT, PMA, POM, PORT, PR, PRC, PRE, PSU, PY, QCA, QCNE, QFA, QM, QRS, QUE, R, RAS, RB, RBR, REG, RELC, RFA, RIOC, RM, RNG, RSA, RYU, S, SACT, SALA, SAM, SAN, SANT, SAPS, SASK, SAV, SBBG, SBT, SCFS, SD, SDSU, SEL, SEV, SF, SFV, SGO, SI, SIU, SJRP, SJSU, SLPM, SMDB, SMF, SNM, SOM, SP, SPF, SPSF, SQF, SRFA, STL, STU, SUU, SVG, TAES, TAI, TAIF, TALL, TAM, TAMU, TAN, TASH, TEF, TENN, TEPB, TEX, TFC, TI, TKPM, TNS, TO, TOYA, TRA, TRH, TROM, TRT, TRTE, TU, TUB, U, UADY, UAM, UAMIZ, UB, UBC, UC, UCMM, UCR, UCS, UCSB, UCSC, UEC, UESC, UFG, UFMA, UFMT, UFP, UFRJ, UFRN, UFS, UGDA, UH, UI, UJAT, ULM, ULS, UME, UMO, UNA, UNB, UNCC, UNEX, UNITEC, UNL, UNM, UNR, UNSL, UPCB, UPEI, UPNA, UPS, US, USAS, USF, USJ, USM, USNC, USP, USZ, UT, UTC, UTEP, UU, UVIC, UWO, V, VAL, VALD, VDB, VEN, VIT, VMSL, VT, W, WAG, WAT, WELT, WFU, WII, WIN, WIS, WMNH, WOLL, WS, WTU, WU, XAL, YAMA, Z, ZMT, ZSS, and ZT. C.B. was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MIST) (2022R1A2C1003504). A.S.M. was supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (S-14) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. J. Pisek was supported by Estonian Research Council Grants PUT 1355 and PRG 1405. J. Peñuelas was funded by European Research Council Synergy Grant ERC-2013-SyG-610028 IMBALANCE-P. A.G.G. was funded by National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) grant 1200468 and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID/BASAL) FB210006. V.D.P. was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvi-mento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil (grant 307689/2014-0). The BIEN Working Group was supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a center funded by NSF EF-0553768 at the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State of California. Additional support for the BIEN Working Group was provided by iPlant/CyVerse via NSF DBI-0735191. B.J.E. and C.M. were supported by NSF ABI-1565118 and NSF HDR-1934790. B.J.E. was also supported by a Global Environment Facility Spatial Planning for Protected Areas in Response to Climate Change Project grant (GEF-5810). B.J.E., C.V., and B.S.M. are partly supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité (FRB) and Electricitéde France (EDF) in the context of the CESAB (Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity) project “Causes and consequences of functional rarity from local to global scales” (FREE). N.A.S. was supported by Vidi Grant 016.161.318 issued by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. W.-Y.G., J.M.S.-D., and J.-C.S. acknowledge support from the Danish Council for Independent Research | Natural Sciences (Grant 6108-00078B) to the TREECHANGE Project. J.-C.S. also considers this work a contribution to his VILLUM Investigator Project “Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World” funded by VILLUM FONDEN. We thank Brad Boyle for valuable database and informatics assistance and advice, and TRY contributors for sharing their data. This work was conducted as a part of the BIEN Working Group, 2008 to 2012. We thank all the data contributors and numerous herbaria who have contributed their data to various data-compiling organizations for the invaluable data and support provided to BIEN. We thank the New York Botanical Garden, the Missouri Botanical Garden, Utrecht Herbarium, UNC Herbarium, GBIF, REMIB, and SpeciesLink. The staff at CyVerse provided critical computational assistance. We acknowledge the herbaria that contributed data to this work: A, AAH, AAS, AAU, ABH, ACAD, ACOR, AD, AFS,

Funders	Funder number
National Research Foundation of Korea
Villum Fonden
Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan
Environment Research and Technology Development Fund
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
European Commission
Fondation pour la Recherche
University of California, Santa Barbara
Electricitéde France
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico	1200468
???publication-publication-funding-organisation-not-added???	19KK0162
National Science Foundation	1934790, 0735191, EF-0553768
MIST	2022R1A2C1003504
State of California	GEF-5810, ABI-1565118, HDR-1934790
BASAL	FB210006
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico	307689/2014-0
Natur og Univers, Det Frie Forskningsråd	6108-00078B
???publication-publication-funding-organisation-not-added???	016.161.318
European Research Council	610028
Eesti Teadusagentuur	PUT 1355, PRG 1405

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 15 Life on Land

Keywords

biodiversity
conservation frameworks
land use
protected areas
tree species

Access to Document

10.1073/pnas.2026733119

Persistent URL (handle)

Persistent link

Cite this

Guo, W. Y., Serra-Diaz, J. M., Schrodt, F., Eiserhardt, W. L., Maitner, B. S., Merow, C., Violle, C., Anand, M., Belluau, M., Bruun, H. H., Byun, C., Catford, J. A., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chacón-Madrigal, E., Ciccarelli, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Dang-Le, A. T., de Frutos, A., Dias, A. S., ... Svenning, J. C. (2022). High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(25), 1-11. Article e2026733119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026733119

@article{23662c02481b4c868b9cbc2f231f8a7c,

title = "High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure",

abstract = "Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17\% and top 50\% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2\% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83\% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17\% and 50\% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5\% and 82.6\%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.",

keywords = "biodiversity, conservation frameworks, land use, protected areas, tree species",

author = "Guo, \{Wen Yong\} and Serra-Diaz, \{Josep M.\} and Franziska Schrodt and Eiserhardt, \{Wolf L.\} and Maitner, \{Brian S.\} and Cory Merow and Cyrille Violle and Madhur Anand and Micha{\"e}l Belluau and Bruun, \{Hans Henrik\} and Chaeho Byun and Catford, \{Jane A.\} and Cerabolini, \{Bruno E.L.\} and Eduardo Chac{\'o}n-Madrigal and Daniela Ciccarelli and Cornelissen, \{J. Hans C.\} and Dang-Le, \{Anh Tuan\} and \{de Frutos\}, Angel and Dias, \{Arildo S.\} and Giroldo, \{Aelton B.\} and Kun Guo and Guti{\'e}rrez, \{Alvaro G.\} and Wesley Hattingh and Tianhua He and Peter Hietz and Nate Hough-Snee and Steven Jansen and Jens Kattge and Tamir Klein and Benjamin Komac and Kraft, \{Nathan J.B.\} and Koen Kramer and Sandra Lavorel and Lusk, \{Christopher H.\} and Martin, \{Adam R.\} and Maurizio Mencuccini and Michaletz, \{Sean T.\} and Vanessa Minden and Mori, \{Akira S.\} and {\"U}lo Niinemets and Yusuke Onoda and Josep Pe{\~n}uelas and Pillar, \{Val{\'e}rio D.\} and Jan Pisek and Robroek, \{Bjorn J.M.\} and Brandon Schamp and Martijn Slot and Sosinski, \{{\^E}nio Egon\} and Soudzilovskaia, \{Nadejda A.\} and Nelson Thiffault and \{van Bodegom\}, Peter and \{van der Plas\}, Fons and Wright, \{Ian J.\} and Xu, \{Wu Bing\} and Jingming Zheng and Enquist, \{Brian J.\} and Svenning, \{Jens Christian\}",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

day = "21",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.2026733119",

language = "English",

volume = "119",

pages = "1--11",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",

issn = "0027-8424",

publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",

number = "25",

}

Guo, WY, Serra-Diaz, JM, Schrodt, F, Eiserhardt, WL, Maitner, BS, Merow, C, Violle, C, Anand, M, Belluau, M, Bruun, HH, Byun, C, Catford, JA, Cerabolini, BEL, Chacón-Madrigal, E, Ciccarelli, D, Cornelissen, JHC, Dang-Le, AT, de Frutos, A, Dias, AS, Giroldo, AB, Guo, K, Gutiérrez, AG, Hattingh, W, He, T, Hietz, P, Hough-Snee, N, Jansen, S, Kattge, J, Klein, T, Komac, B, Kraft, NJB, Kramer, K, Lavorel, S, Lusk, CH, Martin, AR, Mencuccini, M, Michaletz, ST, Minden, V, Mori, AS, Niinemets, Ü, Onoda, Y, Peñuelas, J, Pillar, VD, Pisek, J, Robroek, BJM, Schamp, B, Slot, M, Sosinski, ÊE, Soudzilovskaia, NA, Thiffault, N, van Bodegom, P, van der Plas, F, Wright, IJ, Xu, WB, Zheng, J, Enquist, BJ & Svenning, JC 2022, 'High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 25, e2026733119, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026733119

TY - JOUR

T1 - High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

AU - Guo, Wen Yong

AU - Serra-Diaz, Josep M.

AU - Schrodt, Franziska

AU - Eiserhardt, Wolf L.

AU - Maitner, Brian S.

AU - Merow, Cory

AU - Violle, Cyrille

AU - Anand, Madhur

AU - Belluau, Michaël

AU - Bruun, Hans Henrik

AU - Byun, Chaeho

AU - Catford, Jane A.

AU - Cerabolini, Bruno E.L.

AU - Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo

AU - Ciccarelli, Daniela

AU - Cornelissen, J. Hans C.

AU - Dang-Le, Anh Tuan

AU - de Frutos, Angel

AU - Dias, Arildo S.

AU - Giroldo, Aelton B.

AU - Guo, Kun

AU - Gutiérrez, Alvaro G.

AU - Hattingh, Wesley

AU - He, Tianhua

AU - Hietz, Peter

AU - Hough-Snee, Nate

AU - Jansen, Steven

AU - Kattge, Jens

AU - Klein, Tamir

AU - Komac, Benjamin

AU - Kraft, Nathan J.B.

AU - Kramer, Koen

AU - Lavorel, Sandra

AU - Lusk, Christopher H.

AU - Martin, Adam R.

AU - Mencuccini, Maurizio

AU - Michaletz, Sean T.

AU - Minden, Vanessa

AU - Mori, Akira S.

AU - Niinemets, Ülo

AU - Onoda, Yusuke

AU - Peñuelas, Josep

AU - Pillar, Valério D.

AU - Pisek, Jan

AU - Robroek, Bjorn J.M.

AU - Schamp, Brandon

AU - Slot, Martijn

AU - Sosinski, Ênio Egon

AU - Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.

AU - Thiffault, Nelson

AU - van Bodegom, Peter

AU - van der Plas, Fons

AU - Wright, Ian J.

AU - Xu, Wu Bing

AU - Zheng, Jingming

AU - Enquist, Brian J.

AU - Svenning, Jens Christian

PY - 2022/6/21

Y1 - 2022/6/21

N2 - Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5% and 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.

AB - Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5% and 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.

KW - biodiversity

KW - conservation frameworks

KW - land use

KW - protected areas

KW - tree species

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85132082850

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85132082850#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2026733119

DO - 10.1073/pnas.2026733119

M3 - Article

C2 - 35709320

AN - SCOPUS:85132082850

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 119

SP - 1

EP - 11

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

IS - 25

M1 - e2026733119

ER -

High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

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