High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater

IODP–ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists

doi:10.1111/maps.13541

High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater

IODP–ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists

Geology and Geochemistry

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

The mineral apatite, Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH), is a ubiquitous accessory mineral, with its volatile content and isotopic compositions used to interpret the evolution of H₂O on planetary bodies. During hypervelocity impact, extreme pressures shock target rocks resulting in deformation of minerals; however, relatively few microstructural studies of apatite have been undertaken. Given its widespread distribution in the solar system, it is important to understand how apatite responds to progressive shock metamorphism. Here, we present detailed microstructural analyses of shock deformation in ~560 apatite grains throughout ~550 m of shocked granitoid rock from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact structure, Mexico. A combination of high-resolution backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction mapping, transmission Kikuchi diffraction mapping, and transmission electron microscopy is used to characterize deformation within apatite grains. Systematic, crystallographically controlled deformation bands are present within apatite, consistent with tilt boundaries that contain the 'c' (axis) and result from slip in ' (Formula presented.) ' (direction) on (Formula presented.) (plane) during shock deformation. Deformation bands contain complex subgrain domains, isolated dislocations, and low-angle boundaries of ~1° to 2°. Planar fractures within apatite form conjugate sets that are oriented within either { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), or (Formula presented.). Complementary electron microprobe analyses (EPMA) of a subset of recrystallized and partially recrystallized apatite grains show that there is an apparent change in MgO content in shock-recrystallized apatite compositions. This study shows that the response of apatite to shock deformation can be highly variable, and that application of a combined microstructural and chemical analysis workflow can reveal complex deformation histories in apatite grains, some of which result in changes to crystal structure and composition, which are important for understanding the genesis of apatite in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1715-1733
Number of pages	19
Journal	Meteoritics and Planetary Science
Volume	55
Issue number	8
Early online date	4 Aug 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13541
Publication status	Published - Aug 2020

Funding

The IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 Science Party is composed of S. Gulick (US), J. V. Morgan (UK), G. Carter (UK), E. Chenot (France), G. Christeson (US), Ph. Claeys (Belgium), C. Cockell (UK), M. J. L. Coolen (Australia), L. Ferri?re (Austria), C. Gebhardt (Germany), K. Goto (Japan), H. Jones (US), D. A. Kring (US), J. Lofi (France), C. Lowery (US), R. Ocampo-Torres (France), L. Perez-Cruz (Mexico), A. Pickersgill (UK), M. Poelchau (Germany), A. Rae (UK), C. Rasmussen (US), M. Rebolledo-Vieyra (Mexico), U. Riller (Germany), H. Sato (Japan), J. Smit (Netherlands), S. Tikoo (US), N. Tomioka (Japan), M. Whalen (US), A. Wittmann (US), J. Urrutia-Fucugauchi (Mexico), L. Xiao (China), and K. E. Yamaguchi (Japan). Work by MAC, MS, and DAK at the LPI was partially supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) award 1736826. Support was also provided by the LPI Summer Intern Program in Planetary Sciences and the Space Science and Technology Center at Curtin University. LPI Contribution no. 2370. LPI is operated by USRA under a cooperative agreement with the Science Mission Directorate of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the editor Christian Koeberl and reviewers A. Cernok and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments.

Funders	Funder number
Space Science and Technology Center at Curtin University	2370
USRA
National Science Foundation
Directorate for Geosciences	1736826
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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10.1111/maps.13541

High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact craterFinal published version, 7.81 MBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

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@article{86d73f8c96b54876a5d2840a3a5f91c1,

title = "High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater",

abstract = "The mineral apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH), is a ubiquitous accessory mineral, with its volatile content and isotopic compositions used to interpret the evolution of H2O on planetary bodies. During hypervelocity impact, extreme pressures shock target rocks resulting in deformation of minerals; however, relatively few microstructural studies of apatite have been undertaken. Given its widespread distribution in the solar system, it is important to understand how apatite responds to progressive shock metamorphism. Here, we present detailed microstructural analyses of shock deformation in ~560 apatite grains throughout ~550 m of shocked granitoid rock from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact structure, Mexico. A combination of high-resolution backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction mapping, transmission Kikuchi diffraction mapping, and transmission electron microscopy is used to characterize deformation within apatite grains. Systematic, crystallographically controlled deformation bands are present within apatite, consistent with tilt boundaries that contain the 'c' (axis) and result from slip in ' (Formula presented.) ' (direction) on (Formula presented.) (plane) during shock deformation. Deformation bands contain complex subgrain domains, isolated dislocations, and low-angle boundaries of ~1° to 2°. Planar fractures within apatite form conjugate sets that are oriented within either { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), or (Formula presented.). Complementary electron microprobe analyses (EPMA) of a subset of recrystallized and partially recrystallized apatite grains show that there is an apparent change in MgO content in shock-recrystallized apatite compositions. This study shows that the response of apatite to shock deformation can be highly variable, and that application of a combined microstructural and chemical analysis workflow can reveal complex deformation histories in apatite grains, some of which result in changes to crystal structure and composition, which are important for understanding the genesis of apatite in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments.",

author = "Cox, {Morgan A.} and Erickson, {Timmons M.} and Martin Schmieder and Roy Christoffersen and Ross, {Daniel K.} and Cavosie, {Aaron J.} and Bland, {Phil A.} and Kring, {D. A.} and S. Gulick and Morgan, {J. V.} and G. Carter and E. Chenot and G. Christeson and Ph Claeys and C. Cockell and Coolen, {M. J.L.} and L. Ferri{\`e}re and C. Gebhardt and K. Goto and H. Jones and Kring, {D. A.} and J. Lofi and C. Lowery and R. Ocampo-Torres and L. Perez-Cruz and A. Pickersgill and M. Poelchau and A. Rae and C. Rasmussen and M. Rebolledo-Vieyra and U. Riller and H. Sato and J. Smit and S. Tikoo and N. Tomioka and M. Whalen and A. Wittmann and J. Urrutia-Fucugauchi and L. Xiao and Yamaguchi, {K. E.} and {IODP–ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists}",

year = "2020",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1111/maps.13541",

language = "English",

volume = "55",

pages = "1715--1733",

journal = "Meteoritics and Planetary Science",

issn = "1086-9379",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "8",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater

AU - Cox, Morgan A.

AU - Erickson, Timmons M.

AU - Schmieder, Martin

AU - Christoffersen, Roy

AU - Ross, Daniel K.

AU - Cavosie, Aaron J.

AU - Bland, Phil A.

AU - Kring, D. A.

AU - Gulick, S.

AU - Morgan, J. V.

AU - Carter, G.

AU - Chenot, E.

AU - Christeson, G.

AU - Claeys, Ph

AU - Cockell, C.

AU - Coolen, M. J.L.

AU - Ferrière, L.

AU - Gebhardt, C.

AU - Goto, K.

AU - Jones, H.

AU - Kring, D. A.

AU - Lofi, J.

AU - Lowery, C.

AU - Ocampo-Torres, R.

AU - Perez-Cruz, L.

AU - Pickersgill, A.

AU - Poelchau, M.

AU - Rae, A.

AU - Rasmussen, C.

AU - Rebolledo-Vieyra, M.

AU - Riller, U.

AU - Sato, H.

AU - Smit, J.

AU - Tikoo, S.

AU - Tomioka, N.

AU - Whalen, M.

AU - Wittmann, A.

AU - Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J.

AU - Xiao, L.

AU - Yamaguchi, K. E.

AU - IODP–ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists

PY - 2020/8

Y1 - 2020/8

N2 - The mineral apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH), is a ubiquitous accessory mineral, with its volatile content and isotopic compositions used to interpret the evolution of H2O on planetary bodies. During hypervelocity impact, extreme pressures shock target rocks resulting in deformation of minerals; however, relatively few microstructural studies of apatite have been undertaken. Given its widespread distribution in the solar system, it is important to understand how apatite responds to progressive shock metamorphism. Here, we present detailed microstructural analyses of shock deformation in ~560 apatite grains throughout ~550 m of shocked granitoid rock from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact structure, Mexico. A combination of high-resolution backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction mapping, transmission Kikuchi diffraction mapping, and transmission electron microscopy is used to characterize deformation within apatite grains. Systematic, crystallographically controlled deformation bands are present within apatite, consistent with tilt boundaries that contain the 'c' (axis) and result from slip in ' (Formula presented.) ' (direction) on (Formula presented.) (plane) during shock deformation. Deformation bands contain complex subgrain domains, isolated dislocations, and low-angle boundaries of ~1° to 2°. Planar fractures within apatite form conjugate sets that are oriented within either { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), or (Formula presented.). Complementary electron microprobe analyses (EPMA) of a subset of recrystallized and partially recrystallized apatite grains show that there is an apparent change in MgO content in shock-recrystallized apatite compositions. This study shows that the response of apatite to shock deformation can be highly variable, and that application of a combined microstructural and chemical analysis workflow can reveal complex deformation histories in apatite grains, some of which result in changes to crystal structure and composition, which are important for understanding the genesis of apatite in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments.

AB - The mineral apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH), is a ubiquitous accessory mineral, with its volatile content and isotopic compositions used to interpret the evolution of H2O on planetary bodies. During hypervelocity impact, extreme pressures shock target rocks resulting in deformation of minerals; however, relatively few microstructural studies of apatite have been undertaken. Given its widespread distribution in the solar system, it is important to understand how apatite responds to progressive shock metamorphism. Here, we present detailed microstructural analyses of shock deformation in ~560 apatite grains throughout ~550 m of shocked granitoid rock from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact structure, Mexico. A combination of high-resolution backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction mapping, transmission Kikuchi diffraction mapping, and transmission electron microscopy is used to characterize deformation within apatite grains. Systematic, crystallographically controlled deformation bands are present within apatite, consistent with tilt boundaries that contain the 'c' (axis) and result from slip in ' (Formula presented.) ' (direction) on (Formula presented.) (plane) during shock deformation. Deformation bands contain complex subgrain domains, isolated dislocations, and low-angle boundaries of ~1° to 2°. Planar fractures within apatite form conjugate sets that are oriented within either { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), { (Formula presented.), or (Formula presented.). Complementary electron microprobe analyses (EPMA) of a subset of recrystallized and partially recrystallized apatite grains show that there is an apparent change in MgO content in shock-recrystallized apatite compositions. This study shows that the response of apatite to shock deformation can be highly variable, and that application of a combined microstructural and chemical analysis workflow can reveal complex deformation histories in apatite grains, some of which result in changes to crystal structure and composition, which are important for understanding the genesis of apatite in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments.

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JO - Meteoritics and Planetary Science

JF - Meteoritics and Planetary Science

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ER -

High-resolution microstructural and compositional analyses of shock deformed apatite from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater

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