Abstract
Persistency of organic chemicals is a key property in their environmental risk assessment. Information on persistency is often derived from the results of biodegradability screening tests such as the ready biodegradability tests (RBTs). RBTs are, however, not designed for this purpose and suffer from several problems that lead to a high variability of the results and, hence, to difficulties in their interpretation. The origin and exposure history of the inocula used for biodegradability testing can lead to highly variable outcomes. Microbial adaptation to chemicals and its impact on biodegradation needs further investigation in order to have a better understanding of their effects on persistency assessments of chemicals. It is well described that microbial adaptation stimulates biodegradation of organic chemicals. Several mechanisms responsible for these phenomena have been described, amongst which are i) shifts in community composition or abundances, ii) mutations within populations, iii) horizontal gene transfer or iv) recombination events. These adaptation processes may well be mimicked under laboratory conditions, but the outcome remains difficult to predict as we lack a fundamental understanding of the adaptive responses. This review aims to bring together our current knowledge regarding microbial adaptation and its implication for the testing of biodegradation of chemicals.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 2220-2255 |
Number of pages | 36 |
Journal | Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology |
Volume | 49 |
Issue number | 23 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2019 |
Funding
This work was funded by the European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic) Long-range Initiative (LRi; project ECO29). The authors would like to acknowledge the useful advice and discussions of the CEFIC LRi ECO29 research liaison team.
Funders | Funder number |
---|---|
European Chemical Industry Council | ECO29 |
Keywords
- Adaptation
- biodegradability testing
- biodegradation
- microbial community
- organic pollutants
- persistence