Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations

R.V. Machry; A.L.S. Borges; G.K.R. Pereira; C.J. Kleverlaan; A.B. Venturini; L.F. Valandro

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391

Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations

R.V. Machry, A.L.S. Borges, G.K.R. Pereira, C.J. Kleverlaan, A.B. Venturini, L.F. Valandro

Oral Regenerative Medicine (ORM)

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

© 2021 Elsevier LtdThis study evaluated the influence of distinct substrates on the mechanical fatigue behavior of adhesively cemented simplified restorations made of glass, polycrystalline or polymer infiltrated-ceramics. CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (feldspathic – FEL; lithium disilicate – LD; yttria-stabilized zirconia – YZ; and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network – PICN) were shaped into discs (n = 15, Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm), mimicking a simplified monolithic restoration. After, they were adhesively cemented onto different foundation substrates (epoxy resin – ER; or Ni–Cr metal alloy – MA) of the same shape (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2.0 mm). The assemblies were subjected to fatigue testing using a step-stress approach (200N-2800 N; step-size of 200 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz) upon the occurrence of a radial crack or fracture. The data was submitted to two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) to analyze differences considering ‘ceramic material’ and ‘type of substrate’ as factors. In addition, a survival analysis (Kaplan Meier with Mantel-Cox log-rank post-hoc tests; α = 0.05) was conducted to obtain the survival probability during the steps in the fatigue test. Fractographic and finite element (FEA) analyzes were also conducted. The factors ‘ceramic material’, ‘type of substrate’ and the interaction between both were verified to be statistically significant (p < .001). All evaluated ceramics presented higher fatigue failure load (FFL), cycles for failure (CFF) and survival probabilities when cemented to the metallic alloy substrate. Among the restorative materials, YZ and LD restorations presented the best fatigue behavior when adhesively cemented onto the metallic alloy substrate, while FEL obtained the lowest FFL and CFF for both substrates. The LD, PICN and YZ restorations showed similar fatigue performance considering the epoxy resin substrate. A more rigid foundation substrate improves the fatigue performance of adhesively cemented glass, polycrystalline and polymer infiltrated-ceramic simplified restorations.

Original language	English
Article number	104391
Journal	Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
Volume	117
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2021

Funding

This study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 and the Foundation for Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil – FAPERGS (A.B.V. post-doctorate scholarship; grant # 18/2551-0000520-7 ). We especially thank Ivoclar Vivadent for donating the research materials, and finally we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the scientific decisions of this study. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Funders	Funder number
Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul	18/2551-0000520-7

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Machry, R. V., Borges, A. L. S., Pereira, G. K. R., Kleverlaan, C. J., Venturini, A. B., & Valandro, L. F. (2021). Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 117, Article 104391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391

@article{d3bf6a05468f4a71ae2f57badc241e74,

title = "Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations",

abstract = "{\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier LtdThis study evaluated the influence of distinct substrates on the mechanical fatigue behavior of adhesively cemented simplified restorations made of glass, polycrystalline or polymer infiltrated-ceramics. CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (feldspathic – FEL; lithium disilicate – LD; yttria-stabilized zirconia – YZ; and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network – PICN) were shaped into discs (n = 15, {\O} = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm), mimicking a simplified monolithic restoration. After, they were adhesively cemented onto different foundation substrates (epoxy resin – ER; or Ni–Cr metal alloy – MA) of the same shape ({\O} = 10 mm; thickness = 2.0 mm). The assemblies were subjected to fatigue testing using a step-stress approach (200N-2800 N; step-size of 200 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz) upon the occurrence of a radial crack or fracture. The data was submitted to two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) to analyze differences considering {\textquoteleft}ceramic material{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}type of substrate{\textquoteright} as factors. In addition, a survival analysis (Kaplan Meier with Mantel-Cox log-rank post-hoc tests; α = 0.05) was conducted to obtain the survival probability during the steps in the fatigue test. Fractographic and finite element (FEA) analyzes were also conducted. The factors {\textquoteleft}ceramic material{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteleft}type of substrate{\textquoteright} and the interaction between both were verified to be statistically significant (p < .001). All evaluated ceramics presented higher fatigue failure load (FFL), cycles for failure (CFF) and survival probabilities when cemented to the metallic alloy substrate. Among the restorative materials, YZ and LD restorations presented the best fatigue behavior when adhesively cemented onto the metallic alloy substrate, while FEL obtained the lowest FFL and CFF for both substrates. The LD, PICN and YZ restorations showed similar fatigue performance considering the epoxy resin substrate. A more rigid foundation substrate improves the fatigue performance of adhesively cemented glass, polycrystalline and polymer infiltrated-ceramic simplified restorations.",

author = "R.V. Machry and A.L.S. Borges and G.K.R. Pereira and C.J. Kleverlaan and A.B. Venturini and L.F. Valandro",

year = "2021",

month = may,

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doi = "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391",

language = "English",

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issn = "1751-6161",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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Machry, RV, Borges, ALS, Pereira, GKR, Kleverlaan, CJ, Venturini, AB & Valandro, LF 2021, 'Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations', Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, vol. 117, 104391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391

Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations. / Machry, R.V.; Borges, A.L.S.; Pereira, G.K.R. et al.
In: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 117, 104391, 01.05.2021.

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations

AU - Machry, R.V.

AU - Borges, A.L.S.

AU - Pereira, G.K.R.

AU - Kleverlaan, C.J.

AU - Venturini, A.B.

AU - Valandro, L.F.

PY - 2021/5/1

Y1 - 2021/5/1

N2 - © 2021 Elsevier LtdThis study evaluated the influence of distinct substrates on the mechanical fatigue behavior of adhesively cemented simplified restorations made of glass, polycrystalline or polymer infiltrated-ceramics. CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (feldspathic – FEL; lithium disilicate – LD; yttria-stabilized zirconia – YZ; and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network – PICN) were shaped into discs (n = 15, Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm), mimicking a simplified monolithic restoration. After, they were adhesively cemented onto different foundation substrates (epoxy resin – ER; or Ni–Cr metal alloy – MA) of the same shape (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2.0 mm). The assemblies were subjected to fatigue testing using a step-stress approach (200N-2800 N; step-size of 200 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz) upon the occurrence of a radial crack or fracture. The data was submitted to two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) to analyze differences considering ‘ceramic material’ and ‘type of substrate’ as factors. In addition, a survival analysis (Kaplan Meier with Mantel-Cox log-rank post-hoc tests; α = 0.05) was conducted to obtain the survival probability during the steps in the fatigue test. Fractographic and finite element (FEA) analyzes were also conducted. The factors ‘ceramic material’, ‘type of substrate’ and the interaction between both were verified to be statistically significant (p < .001). All evaluated ceramics presented higher fatigue failure load (FFL), cycles for failure (CFF) and survival probabilities when cemented to the metallic alloy substrate. Among the restorative materials, YZ and LD restorations presented the best fatigue behavior when adhesively cemented onto the metallic alloy substrate, while FEL obtained the lowest FFL and CFF for both substrates. The LD, PICN and YZ restorations showed similar fatigue performance considering the epoxy resin substrate. A more rigid foundation substrate improves the fatigue performance of adhesively cemented glass, polycrystalline and polymer infiltrated-ceramic simplified restorations.

AB - © 2021 Elsevier LtdThis study evaluated the influence of distinct substrates on the mechanical fatigue behavior of adhesively cemented simplified restorations made of glass, polycrystalline or polymer infiltrated-ceramics. CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (feldspathic – FEL; lithium disilicate – LD; yttria-stabilized zirconia – YZ; and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network – PICN) were shaped into discs (n = 15, Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm), mimicking a simplified monolithic restoration. After, they were adhesively cemented onto different foundation substrates (epoxy resin – ER; or Ni–Cr metal alloy – MA) of the same shape (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2.0 mm). The assemblies were subjected to fatigue testing using a step-stress approach (200N-2800 N; step-size of 200 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz) upon the occurrence of a radial crack or fracture. The data was submitted to two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) to analyze differences considering ‘ceramic material’ and ‘type of substrate’ as factors. In addition, a survival analysis (Kaplan Meier with Mantel-Cox log-rank post-hoc tests; α = 0.05) was conducted to obtain the survival probability during the steps in the fatigue test. Fractographic and finite element (FEA) analyzes were also conducted. The factors ‘ceramic material’, ‘type of substrate’ and the interaction between both were verified to be statistically significant (p < .001). All evaluated ceramics presented higher fatigue failure load (FFL), cycles for failure (CFF) and survival probabilities when cemented to the metallic alloy substrate. Among the restorative materials, YZ and LD restorations presented the best fatigue behavior when adhesively cemented onto the metallic alloy substrate, while FEL obtained the lowest FFL and CFF for both substrates. The LD, PICN and YZ restorations showed similar fatigue performance considering the epoxy resin substrate. A more rigid foundation substrate improves the fatigue performance of adhesively cemented glass, polycrystalline and polymer infiltrated-ceramic simplified restorations.

U2 - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391

DO - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104391

M3 - Article

SN - 1751-6161

VL - 117

JO - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

JF - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

M1 - 104391

ER -

Influence of the foundation substrate on the fatigue behavior of bonded glass, zirconia polycrystals, and polymer infiltrated ceramic simplified CAD-CAM restorations

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