Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of Age

Wendy Stroobant; Kim Ve Braun; Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong; Henriëtte A Moll; Vincent Wv Jaddoe; Ingeborg A Brouwer; Oscar H Franco; Trudy Voortman

doi:10.3945/jn.116.241018

Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of Age

Wendy Stroobant
, Kim Ve Braun
, Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
, Henriëtte A Moll
, Vincent Wv Jaddoe
, Ingeborg A Brouwer
, Oscar H Franco
, Trudy Voortman

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: Studies in adults indicate that a lower saturated and higher unsaturated fat intake is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on fat intake in relation to cardiometabolic health during childhood are scarce.Objective: We examined associations between dietary intake of fatty acids (FAs) at age 1 y and measures of growth, adiposity, and cardiometabolic health up to age 6 y.Methods: This study was conducted in 2927 children participating in the Generation R Study, a multiethnic, prospective, population-based cohort in the Netherlands. We measured children's total fat intake and intakes of saturated FAs (SFAs), monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) at a median age of 12.9 mo (95% range: 12.2, 18.9 mo) with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured their height and weight up to age 6 y. At 6 y of age, we measured body fat percentage, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and serum insulin, triacylglycerol, and HDL cholesterol. These outcomes were combined into a cardiometabolic risk factor score. We examined associations of FA intake with repeated measures of height, weight, and body mass index by using linear mixed models and with cardiometabolic outcomes by using linear regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and taking into account macronutrient substitution effects.Results: In multivariable models, we observed no associations of a higher intake of total fat or SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with growth, adiposity, or cardiometabolic health when fat was consumed at the expense of carbohydrates. In subsequent models, there were also no associations observed for higher MUFA or PUFA intakes at the expense of SFAs with any of the outcomes. Results did not differ by sex, ethnicity, age, or birth weight.Conclusion: The results of this study did not support our hypothesis that intake of different types of FAs was associated with adiposity or cardiometabolic health among children.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	413-420
Number of pages	8
Journal	The Journal of Nutrition
Volume	147
Issue number	3
Early online date	25 Jan 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.241018
Publication status	Published - Mar 2017

Funding

W Stroobant, KVE Braun, JC Kiefte-de Jong, HA Moll, VWV Jaddoe, IA Brouwer, OH Franco, and T Voortman, no conflicts of interest. KVE Braun, JC Kiefte-de Jong, OH Franco, and T Voortman work in ErasmusAGE, a center for aging research across the life course funded by Nestlé Nutrition (Nestec Ltd.), Metagenics Inc., and AXA. The funders had no role in design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. WS, KVEB, and TV designed the research project, conducted the analyses, and wrote the manuscript; HAM, VWVJ, and OHF were involved in the design and planning of the study and data collection; JCK-dJ, IAB, and OHF provided consultation regarding the analyses and interpretation of the data; and TV had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors critically reviewed and approved the final manuscript. W Stroobant, KVE Braun, JC Kiefte-de Jong, HA Moll, VWV Jaddoe, IA Brouwer, OH Franco, and T Voortman, no conflicts of interest. KVE Braun, JC Kiefte-de Jong, OH Franco, and T Voortman work in ErasmusAGE, a center for aging research across the life course funded by Nestlé Nutrition (Nestec Ltd.), Metagenics Inc. and AXA. The funders had no role in design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. The general design of the Generation R Study was made possible by financial support from Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam; Erasmus University, Rotterdam; the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport; and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). VWVJ received an additional grant from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw VIDI: 016.136.361). The general design of the Generation R Study was made possible by financial support from Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam; Erasmus University, Rotterdam; the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport; and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). VWVJ received an additional grant from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw VIDI: 016.136.361).

Funders	Funder number
Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam
Metagenics Inc.
International Association of Bryologists
ZonMw	016.136.361
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

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Journal Article

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10.3945/jn.116.241018

Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of AgeFinal published version, 620 KBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

https://jn.nutrition.org/article/S0022-3166(22)10673-5/fulltext

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title = "Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of Age",

abstract = "Background: Studies in adults indicate that a lower saturated and higher unsaturated fat intake is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on fat intake in relation to cardiometabolic health during childhood are scarce.Objective: We examined associations between dietary intake of fatty acids (FAs) at age 1 y and measures of growth, adiposity, and cardiometabolic health up to age 6 y.Methods: This study was conducted in 2927 children participating in the Generation R Study, a multiethnic, prospective, population-based cohort in the Netherlands. We measured children's total fat intake and intakes of saturated FAs (SFAs), monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) at a median age of 12.9 mo (95\% range: 12.2, 18.9 mo) with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured their height and weight up to age 6 y. At 6 y of age, we measured body fat percentage, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and serum insulin, triacylglycerol, and HDL cholesterol. These outcomes were combined into a cardiometabolic risk factor score. We examined associations of FA intake with repeated measures of height, weight, and body mass index by using linear mixed models and with cardiometabolic outcomes by using linear regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and taking into account macronutrient substitution effects.Results: In multivariable models, we observed no associations of a higher intake of total fat or SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with growth, adiposity, or cardiometabolic health when fat was consumed at the expense of carbohydrates. In subsequent models, there were also no associations observed for higher MUFA or PUFA intakes at the expense of SFAs with any of the outcomes. Results did not differ by sex, ethnicity, age, or birth weight.Conclusion: The results of this study did not support our hypothesis that intake of different types of FAs was associated with adiposity or cardiometabolic health among children.",

keywords = "Journal Article",

author = "Wendy Stroobant and Braun, \{Kim Ve\} and \{Kiefte-de Jong\}, \{Jessica C\} and Moll, \{Henri{\"e}tte A\} and Jaddoe, \{Vincent Wv\} and Brouwer, \{Ingeborg A\} and Franco, \{Oscar H\} and Trudy Voortman",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2017 American Society for Nutrition.",

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doi = "10.3945/jn.116.241018",

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T1 - Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of Age

AU - Stroobant, Wendy

AU - Braun, Kim Ve

AU - Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C

AU - Moll, Henriëtte A

AU - Jaddoe, Vincent Wv

AU - Brouwer, Ingeborg A

AU - Franco, Oscar H

AU - Voortman, Trudy

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N2 - Background: Studies in adults indicate that a lower saturated and higher unsaturated fat intake is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on fat intake in relation to cardiometabolic health during childhood are scarce.Objective: We examined associations between dietary intake of fatty acids (FAs) at age 1 y and measures of growth, adiposity, and cardiometabolic health up to age 6 y.Methods: This study was conducted in 2927 children participating in the Generation R Study, a multiethnic, prospective, population-based cohort in the Netherlands. We measured children's total fat intake and intakes of saturated FAs (SFAs), monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) at a median age of 12.9 mo (95% range: 12.2, 18.9 mo) with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured their height and weight up to age 6 y. At 6 y of age, we measured body fat percentage, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and serum insulin, triacylglycerol, and HDL cholesterol. These outcomes were combined into a cardiometabolic risk factor score. We examined associations of FA intake with repeated measures of height, weight, and body mass index by using linear mixed models and with cardiometabolic outcomes by using linear regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and taking into account macronutrient substitution effects.Results: In multivariable models, we observed no associations of a higher intake of total fat or SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with growth, adiposity, or cardiometabolic health when fat was consumed at the expense of carbohydrates. In subsequent models, there were also no associations observed for higher MUFA or PUFA intakes at the expense of SFAs with any of the outcomes. Results did not differ by sex, ethnicity, age, or birth weight.Conclusion: The results of this study did not support our hypothesis that intake of different types of FAs was associated with adiposity or cardiometabolic health among children.

AB - Background: Studies in adults indicate that a lower saturated and higher unsaturated fat intake is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, studies on fat intake in relation to cardiometabolic health during childhood are scarce.Objective: We examined associations between dietary intake of fatty acids (FAs) at age 1 y and measures of growth, adiposity, and cardiometabolic health up to age 6 y.Methods: This study was conducted in 2927 children participating in the Generation R Study, a multiethnic, prospective, population-based cohort in the Netherlands. We measured children's total fat intake and intakes of saturated FAs (SFAs), monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) at a median age of 12.9 mo (95% range: 12.2, 18.9 mo) with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured their height and weight up to age 6 y. At 6 y of age, we measured body fat percentage, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and serum insulin, triacylglycerol, and HDL cholesterol. These outcomes were combined into a cardiometabolic risk factor score. We examined associations of FA intake with repeated measures of height, weight, and body mass index by using linear mixed models and with cardiometabolic outcomes by using linear regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and taking into account macronutrient substitution effects.Results: In multivariable models, we observed no associations of a higher intake of total fat or SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with growth, adiposity, or cardiometabolic health when fat was consumed at the expense of carbohydrates. In subsequent models, there were also no associations observed for higher MUFA or PUFA intakes at the expense of SFAs with any of the outcomes. Results did not differ by sex, ethnicity, age, or birth weight.Conclusion: The results of this study did not support our hypothesis that intake of different types of FAs was associated with adiposity or cardiometabolic health among children.

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DO - 10.3945/jn.116.241018

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SN - 0022-3166

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EP - 420

JO - The Journal of Nutrition

JF - The Journal of Nutrition

IS - 3

ER -

Intake of Different Types of Fatty Acids in Infancy Is Not Associated with Growth, Adiposity, or Cardiometabolic Health up to 6 Years of Age

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