TY - JOUR
T1 - Interactions between cyclists and automated vehicles
T2 - Results of a photo experiment
*
AU - Hagenzieker, Marjan P.
AU - van der Kint, Sander
AU - Vissers, Luuk
AU - van Schagen, Ingrid N.L.G.
AU - de Bruin, Jonathan
AU - van Gent, Paul
AU - Commandeur, Jacques J.F.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Cyclists may have incorrect expectations of the behaviour of automated vehicles in interactions with them, which could bring extra risks in traffic. This study investigated whether expectations and behavioural intentions of cyclists when interacting with automated cars differed from those with manually driven cars. A photo experiment was conducted with 35 participants who judged bicycle–car interactions from the perspective of the cyclist. Thirty photos were presented. An experimental design was used with between-subjects factor instruction (two levels: positive, neutral), and two within-subjects factors: car type (three levels: roof name plate, sticker–these two external features indicated automated cars; and traditional car), and series (two levels: first, second). Participants were asked how sure they were to be noticed by the car shown in the photos, whether the car would stop, and how they would behave themselves. A subset of nine participants was equipped with an eye-tracker. Findings generally point to cautious dispositions towards automated cars: participants were not more confident to be noticed when interacting with both types of automated cars than with manually driven cars. Participants were more confident that automated cars would stop for them during the second series and looked significantly longer at automated cars during the first.
AB - Cyclists may have incorrect expectations of the behaviour of automated vehicles in interactions with them, which could bring extra risks in traffic. This study investigated whether expectations and behavioural intentions of cyclists when interacting with automated cars differed from those with manually driven cars. A photo experiment was conducted with 35 participants who judged bicycle–car interactions from the perspective of the cyclist. Thirty photos were presented. An experimental design was used with between-subjects factor instruction (two levels: positive, neutral), and two within-subjects factors: car type (three levels: roof name plate, sticker–these two external features indicated automated cars; and traditional car), and series (two levels: first, second). Participants were asked how sure they were to be noticed by the car shown in the photos, whether the car would stop, and how they would behave themselves. A subset of nine participants was equipped with an eye-tracker. Findings generally point to cautious dispositions towards automated cars: participants were not more confident to be noticed when interacting with both types of automated cars than with manually driven cars. Participants were more confident that automated cars would stop for them during the second series and looked significantly longer at automated cars during the first.
KW - automated driving
KW - autonomous vehicles
KW - cyclists
KW - expectations
KW - external features
KW - interaction
KW - road safety
KW - road user behaviour
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U2 - 10.1080/19439962.2019.1591556
DO - 10.1080/19439962.2019.1591556
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85064715422
SN - 1943-9962
VL - 12
SP - 94
EP - 115
JO - Journal of Transportation Safety and Security
JF - Journal of Transportation Safety and Security
IS - 1
ER -