Leśniewski’s Systems and the Aristotelian Model of Science

The systems of Leśniewski, like Frege’s, have an unmistakably old-fashioned flavour. They stand to, say, post-Tarskian, post-Gödelian, post-Hilbertian logic like traditional peasant Tuscan bread soup stands to molecular fusion kitchen. Why is that? According to suggestions recently put forward, which rely on van Heijenoort’s opposition “Logic as Language vs. Logic as Calculus”, or similar dichotomies, Leśniewski’s attitude to logic was similar to Frege’s insofar as it matched Frege’s “Logic as Language” rather than Boole’s and Schröder’s “Logic as Calculus”.