Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults

Emiel O Hoogendijk; Noah A Schuster; Theo G van Tilburg; Laura A Schaap; Bianca Suanet; Sascha De Breij; Almar Al Kok; Natasja M Van Schoor; Erik J Timmermans; Renate T de Jongh; Marjolein Visser; Martijn Huisman

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745

Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults

Emiel O Hoogendijk, Noah A Schuster, Theo G van Tilburg, Laura A Schaap, Bianca Suanet, Sascha De Breij, Almar Al Kok, Natasja M Van Schoor, Erik J Timmermans, Renate T de Jongh, Marjolein Visser, Martijn Huisman

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

SETTING: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands.

PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic.

PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness).

RESULTS: The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile.

CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.

Original language	English
Article number	e061745
Pages (from-to)	e061745
Journal	BMJ Open
Volume	12
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745
Publication status	Published - 2 Nov 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding

This work was supported by an NWO/ZonMw Veni fellowship (Grant Number 91618067) granted to EOH. The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam is largely supported by a grant from the Netherlands Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports, Directorate of Long-Term Care (Grant Number N/A). The funders had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Funders	Funder number
Netherlands Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports, Directorate of Long-Term Care
ZonMw Veni	91618067
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Keywords

Female
Humans
Aged
Pandemics
COVID-19/epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cohort Studies
Aging
Depression/diagnosis

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Hoogendijk, E. O., Schuster, N. A., van Tilburg, T. G., Schaap, L. A., Suanet, B., De Breij, S., Kok, A. A., Van Schoor, N. M., Timmermans, E. J., de Jongh, R. T., Visser, M., & Huisman, M. (2022). Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults. BMJ Open, 12(11), e061745. Article e061745. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745

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title = "Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults",

abstract = "OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands.PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness).RESULTS: The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile.CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.",

keywords = "Female, Humans, Aged, Pandemics, COVID-19/epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cohort Studies, Aging, Depression/diagnosis",

author = "Hoogendijk, {Emiel O} and Schuster, {Noah A} and {van Tilburg}, {Theo G} and Schaap, {Laura A} and Bianca Suanet and {De Breij}, Sascha and Kok, {Almar Al} and {Van Schoor}, {Natasja M} and Timmermans, {Erik J} and {de Jongh}, {Renate T} and Marjolein Visser and Martijn Huisman",

note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

day = "2",

doi = "10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

pages = "e061745",

journal = "BMJ Open",

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publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",

number = "11",

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Hoogendijk, EO, Schuster, NA, van Tilburg, TG , Schaap, LA, Suanet, B, De Breij, S, Kok, AA, Van Schoor, NM, Timmermans, EJ, de Jongh, RT, Visser, M & Huisman, M 2022, 'Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults', BMJ Open, vol. 12, no. 11, e061745, pp. e061745. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745

TY - JOUR

T1 - Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index

T2 - a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults

AU - Hoogendijk, Emiel O

AU - Schuster, Noah A

AU - van Tilburg, Theo G

AU - Schaap, Laura A

AU - Suanet, Bianca

AU - De Breij, Sascha

AU - Kok, Almar Al

AU - Van Schoor, Natasja M

AU - Timmermans, Erik J

AU - de Jongh, Renate T

AU - Visser, Marjolein

AU - Huisman, Martijn

PY - 2022/11/2

Y1 - 2022/11/2

N2 - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands.PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness).RESULTS: The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile.CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.

AB - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands.PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness).RESULTS: The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile.CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Aged

KW - Pandemics

KW - COVID-19/epidemiology

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Aging

KW - Depression/diagnosis

U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745

DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745

M3 - Article

C2 - 36323473

SN - 2044-6055

VL - 12

SP - e061745

JO - BMJ Open

JF - BMJ Open

IS - 11

M1 - e061745

ER -

Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

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