Mantle plume and rift-related volcanism during the evolution of the Rio Grande Rise

Patrick A. Hoyer; Karsten M. Haase; Marcel Regelous; John M. O’Connor; Stephan Homrighausen; Wolfram H. Geissler; Wilfried Jokat

doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00349-1

Mantle plume and rift-related volcanism during the evolution of the Rio Grande Rise

Patrick A. Hoyer^*
, Karsten M. Haase
, Marcel Regelous
, John M. O’Connor
, Stephan Homrighausen
, Wolfram H. Geissler
, Wilfried Jokat

^*Corresponding author for this work

Geology and Geochemistry

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The Rio Grande Rise in the western South Atlantic Ocean has been interpreted as either an oceanic plateau related to the Tristan-Gough mantle plume, or a fragment of detached continental crust. Here we present new major and trace element data for volcanic rocks from the western and eastern Rio Grande Rise and the adjacent Jean Charcot Seamount Chain. The eastern Rio Grande Rise and older parts of the western Rio Grande Rise are comprised of tholeiitic basalt with moderately enriched trace element compositions and likely formed above the Tristan-Gough mantle plume close to the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Younger alkalic lavas from the western Rio Grande Rise and the Jean Charcot Seamount Chain were formed by lower degrees of melting beneath thicker lithosphere in an intraplate setting possibly during rifting of the plateau. There is no clear geochemical evidence that remnants of continental crust are present beneath the Rio Grande Rise.

Original language	English
Article number	18
Pages (from-to)	1-10
Number of pages	10
Journal	Communications Earth & Environment
Volume	3
Early online date	7 Feb 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00349-1
Publication status	Published - 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

Funding

We thank Captain Schmidt and his crew for their help in recovering the samples during R/V Maria S. Merian cruise MSM82. We thank M. Hertel for helping with the XRF analyses and J. Geldmacher, K. Nöbel, J. Falkenberg, S. Krumm and P. Hackspacher for dredging and assistance in the initial sample processing. Furthermore, we thank the IODP core repository for providing the rock samples from DSDP Site 516. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through grant HA2568-37-1. We thank Captain Schmidt and his crew for their help in recovering the samples during R/V Maria S. Merian cruise MSM82. We thank M. Hertel for helping with the XRF analyses and J. Geldmacher, K. Nöbel, J. Falkenberg, S. Krumm and P. Hackspacher for dredging and assistance in the initial sample processing. Furthermore, we thank the IODP core repository for providing the rock samples from DSDP Site 516. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through grant HA2568-37-1.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 14 Life Below Water

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10.1038/s43247-022-00349-1

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Cite this

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title = "Mantle plume and rift-related volcanism during the evolution of the Rio Grande Rise",

abstract = "The Rio Grande Rise in the western South Atlantic Ocean has been interpreted as either an oceanic plateau related to the Tristan-Gough mantle plume, or a fragment of detached continental crust. Here we present new major and trace element data for volcanic rocks from the western and eastern Rio Grande Rise and the adjacent Jean Charcot Seamount Chain. The eastern Rio Grande Rise and older parts of the western Rio Grande Rise are comprised of tholeiitic basalt with moderately enriched trace element compositions and likely formed above the Tristan-Gough mantle plume close to the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Younger alkalic lavas from the western Rio Grande Rise and the Jean Charcot Seamount Chain were formed by lower degrees of melting beneath thicker lithosphere in an intraplate setting possibly during rifting of the plateau. There is no clear geochemical evidence that remnants of continental crust are present beneath the Rio Grande Rise.",

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AU - Hoyer, Patrick A.

AU - Haase, Karsten M.

AU - Regelous, Marcel

AU - O’Connor, John M.

AU - Homrighausen, Stephan

AU - Geissler, Wolfram H.

AU - Jokat, Wilfried

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AB - The Rio Grande Rise in the western South Atlantic Ocean has been interpreted as either an oceanic plateau related to the Tristan-Gough mantle plume, or a fragment of detached continental crust. Here we present new major and trace element data for volcanic rocks from the western and eastern Rio Grande Rise and the adjacent Jean Charcot Seamount Chain. The eastern Rio Grande Rise and older parts of the western Rio Grande Rise are comprised of tholeiitic basalt with moderately enriched trace element compositions and likely formed above the Tristan-Gough mantle plume close to the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Younger alkalic lavas from the western Rio Grande Rise and the Jean Charcot Seamount Chain were formed by lower degrees of melting beneath thicker lithosphere in an intraplate setting possibly during rifting of the plateau. There is no clear geochemical evidence that remnants of continental crust are present beneath the Rio Grande Rise.

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Mantle plume and rift-related volcanism during the evolution of the Rio Grande Rise

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

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