Abstract
Both natural as well as artificial vesicles are of tremendous interest in biology and nanomedicine. Small vesicles (<200 nm) perform essential functions in cell biology and artificial vesicles (liposomes) are used as drug delivery vehicles. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique to study the structural properties of these vesicles. AFM is a well-established technique for imaging at nanometer resolution and for mechanical measurements under physiological conditions. Here, we describe the procedure of AFM imaging and force spectroscopy on small vesicles. We discuss how to image vesicles with minimal structural disturbance, and how to analyze the data for accurate size and shape measurements. In addition, we describe the procedure for performing nanoindentations on vesicles and the subsequent data analysis including mechanical models used for data interpretation.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 139 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-14 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | July |
| Early online date | 21 Jul 2020 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2020 |
Funding
GW, WR, and DV acknowledge funding via the Dutch Space Organization (SRON, grant MG-10-07). WR acknowledges funding through a Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) Vidi grant and the STW Perspectief grant Cancer-ID (project 14192).
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being
Keywords
- (small) vesicles
- atomic force microscopy (AFM)
- bending modulus
- Canham-Helfrich theory
- extracellular vesicles
- liposomes
- mechanical properties
- nanoindentation
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