Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I

Oscar Augusto de Aguiar Francisco; Wiktor Byczynski; Kazu Akiba; Claudia Bertella; Alexander Bitadze; Matthew Brock; Bartosz Bulat; Guillaume Button; Jan Buytaert; Stefano De Capua; Riccardo Callegari; Christine Castellana; Andrea Catinaccio; Catherine Charrier; Colette Charvet; Victor Coco; Paula Collins; Jordan Degrange; Raphael Dumps; Diego Alvarez Feito; Frank Fournel; Julian Freestone; Mariusz Jedrychowski; Vinicius Franco Lima; Abraham Gallas Torreira; Wouter Hulsbergen; Daniel Hynds; Gonzalo Arnau Izquierdo; Pawel Jalocha; Eddy Jans; Malcolm John; Nathan Jurik; Thomas Latham; Alexander Leflat; Edgar Lemos Cid; Rolf Lindner; Alessandro Mapelli; Abhijit Mathad; Andy Morris; Jerome Noel; Andrei Nomerotski; Rui de Oliveira; Martijn van Overbeek; Chris Parkes; Paolo Petagna; Alexandre Porret; Denis Renaud; Erno Roeland; Giulia Romagnoli; Eric Rouchouze; Krista de Roo; Freek Sanders; Thomas Schneider; Heinrich Schindler; Burkhard Schmidt; Andreas Schopper; Luke Scantlebury-Smead; Miranda Van Stenis; Peter Svihra; Benoit Teissandier; Jean-Francois Teissier; Xavier Thery; Eric Thomas; Bart Verlaat; Mark R.J. Williams

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2022.166874

Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I

Oscar Augusto de Aguiar Francisco, Wiktor Byczynski, Kazu Akiba, Claudia Bertella, Alexander Bitadze, Matthew Brock, Bartosz Bulat, Guillaume Button, Jan Buytaert, Stefano De Capua, Riccardo Callegari, Christine Castellana, Andrea Catinaccio, Catherine Charrier, Colette Charvet, Victor Coco, Paula Collins, Jordan Degrange, Raphael Dumps, Diego Alvarez FeitoFrank Fournel, Julian Freestone, Mariusz Jedrychowski, Vinicius Franco Lima, Abraham Gallas Torreira, Wouter Hulsbergen, Daniel Hynds, Gonzalo Arnau Izquierdo, Pawel Jalocha, Eddy Jans, Malcolm John, Nathan Jurik, Thomas Latham, Alexander Leflat, Edgar Lemos Cid, Rolf Lindner, Alessandro Mapelli, Abhijit Mathad, Andy Morris, Jerome Noel, Andrei Nomerotski, Rui de Oliveira, Martijn van Overbeek, Chris Parkes, Paolo Petagna, Alexandre Porret, Denis Renaud, Erno Roeland, Giulia Romagnoli, Eric Rouchouze, Krista de Roo, Freek Sanders, Thomas Schneider, Heinrich Schindler, Burkhard Schmidt, Andreas Schopper, Luke Scantlebury-Smead, Miranda Van Stenis, Peter Svihra, Benoit Teissandier, Jean-Francois Teissier, Xavier Thery, Eric Thomas, Bart Verlaat, Mark R.J. Williams

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The LHCb VELO Upgrade I, currently being installed for the 2022 start of LHC Run 3, uses silicon microchannel coolers with internally circulating bi-phase CO2 for thermal control of hybrid pixel modules operating in vacuum. This is the largest scale application of this technology to date. Production of the microchannel coolers was completed in July 2019 and the assembly into cooling structures was completed in September 2021. This article describes the R&D path supporting the microchannel production and assembly and the motivation for the design choices, together with the achieved fluidic and thermal performance. The Thermal Figure of Merit of the microchannel coolers is measured on the final modules to be between 1.5 and 3.5 K cm2 W−1, depending on glue thickness. The microchannel coolers constitute 18% of the total radiation length of the VELO and less than 2% of the material seen before the second measured point on the tracks. Microchannel cooling is well suited to the VELO implementation due to the uniform mass distribution, close thermal expansion match with the module components and resistance to radiation.

Original language	English
Article number	166874
Pages (from-to)	1-18
Number of pages	18
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	1039
Early online date	26 May 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.166874
Publication status	Published - 11 Sept 2022
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We thank the technical and administrative staff atthe LHCb institutes. We acknowledge support from CERNand from the national agencies: NWO (Netherlands); MNiSW and NCN (Poland); MSHE (Russia); MICINN (Spain); SNSF and SER (Switzerland); STFC(United Kingdom). The work described in this paper was carried out by the LHCb VELO collaborating institutes, and also benefited from a high degree of synergy with other experiments, in particular the NA62 GigaTracker [18] , which implements a pioneering microfluidic cooling system with a different coolant and with different requirements, but has many specifications in common. At CERN the R&D was supported by the EP-DT group and the collaboration set up between CERN and EPFL which allowed quick prototyping at the MicroNano Technology centre. The EP-DT group is continuing to conduct research into questions related to an effective and reliable use of micro-structured thermal management devices for HEP detectors, working in the framework of the CERN strategic R&D programme on technologies for future experiments [19] .

Funders	Funder number
EP-DT group
CERN
Science and Technology Facilities Council
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Sociedad Española de Reumatología

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de Aguiar Francisco, O. A., Byczynski, W., Akiba, K., Bertella, C., Bitadze, A., Brock, M., Bulat, B., Button, G., Buytaert, J., De Capua, S., Callegari, R., Castellana, C., Catinaccio, A., Charrier, C., Charvet, C., Coco, V., Collins, P., Degrange, J., Dumps, R., ... Williams, M. R. J. (2022). Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1039, 1-18. Article 166874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.166874

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title = "Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I",

abstract = "The LHCb VELO Upgrade I, currently being installed for the 2022 start of LHC Run 3, uses silicon microchannel coolers with internally circulating bi-phase CO2 for thermal control of hybrid pixel modules operating in vacuum. This is the largest scale application of this technology to date. Production of the microchannel coolers was completed in July 2019 and the assembly into cooling structures was completed in September 2021. This article describes the R\&D path supporting the microchannel production and assembly and the motivation for the design choices, together with the achieved fluidic and thermal performance. The Thermal Figure of Merit of the microchannel coolers is measured on the final modules to be between 1.5 and 3.5 K cm2 W−1, depending on glue thickness. The microchannel coolers constitute 18\% of the total radiation length of the VELO and less than 2\% of the material seen before the second measured point on the tracks. Microchannel cooling is well suited to the VELO implementation due to the uniform mass distribution, close thermal expansion match with the module components and resistance to radiation.",

author = "\{de Aguiar Francisco\}, \{Oscar Augusto\} and Wiktor Byczynski and Kazu Akiba and Claudia Bertella and Alexander Bitadze and Matthew Brock and Bartosz Bulat and Guillaume Button and Jan Buytaert and \{De Capua\}, Stefano and Riccardo Callegari and Christine Castellana and Andrea Catinaccio and Catherine Charrier and Colette Charvet and Victor Coco and Paula Collins and Jordan Degrange and Raphael Dumps and Feito, \{Diego Alvarez\} and Frank Fournel and Julian Freestone and Mariusz Jedrychowski and \{Franco Lima\}, Vinicius and \{Gallas Torreira\}, Abraham and Wouter Hulsbergen and Daniel Hynds and Izquierdo, \{Gonzalo Arnau\} and Pawel Jalocha and Eddy Jans and Malcolm John and Nathan Jurik and Thomas Latham and Alexander Leflat and \{Lemos Cid\}, Edgar and Rolf Lindner and Alessandro Mapelli and Abhijit Mathad and Andy Morris and Jerome Noel and Andrei Nomerotski and \{de Oliveira\}, Rui and \{van Overbeek\}, Martijn and Chris Parkes and Paolo Petagna and Alexandre Porret and Denis Renaud and Erno Roeland and Giulia Romagnoli and Eric Rouchouze and \{de Roo\}, Krista and Freek Sanders and Thomas Schneider and Heinrich Schindler and Burkhard Schmidt and Andreas Schopper and Luke Scantlebury-Smead and \{Van Stenis\}, Miranda and Peter Svihra and Benoit Teissandier and Jean-Francois Teissier and Xavier Thery and Eric Thomas and Bart Verlaat and Williams, \{Mark R.J.\}",

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doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2022.166874",

language = "English",

volume = "1039",

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journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

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de Aguiar Francisco, OA, Byczynski, W, Akiba, K, Bertella, C, Bitadze, A, Brock, M, Bulat, B, Button, G, Buytaert, J, De Capua, S, Callegari, R, Castellana, C, Catinaccio, A, Charrier, C, Charvet, C, Coco, V, Collins, P, Degrange, J, Dumps, R, Feito, DA, Fournel, F, Freestone, J, Jedrychowski, M, Franco Lima, V, Gallas Torreira, A, Hulsbergen, W, Hynds, D, Izquierdo, GA, Jalocha, P, Jans, E, John, M, Jurik, N, Latham, T, Leflat, A, Lemos Cid, E, Lindner, R, Mapelli, A, Mathad, A, Morris, A, Noel, J, Nomerotski, A, de Oliveira, R, van Overbeek, M, Parkes, C, Petagna, P, Porret, A, Renaud, D, Roeland, E, Romagnoli, G, Rouchouze, E, de Roo, K, Sanders, F, Schneider, T, Schindler, H, Schmidt, B, Schopper, A, Scantlebury-Smead, L, Van Stenis, M, Svihra, P, Teissandier, B, Teissier, J-F, Thery, X, Thomas, E, Verlaat, B & Williams, MRJ 2022, 'Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 1039, 166874, pp. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.166874

Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I. / de Aguiar Francisco, Oscar Augusto; Byczynski, Wiktor; Akiba, Kazu et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1039, 166874, 11.09.2022, p. 1-18.

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I

AU - de Aguiar Francisco, Oscar Augusto

AU - Byczynski, Wiktor

AU - Akiba, Kazu

AU - Bertella, Claudia

AU - Bitadze, Alexander

AU - Brock, Matthew

AU - Bulat, Bartosz

AU - Button, Guillaume

AU - Buytaert, Jan

AU - De Capua, Stefano

AU - Callegari, Riccardo

AU - Castellana, Christine

AU - Catinaccio, Andrea

AU - Charrier, Catherine

AU - Charvet, Colette

AU - Coco, Victor

AU - Collins, Paula

AU - Degrange, Jordan

AU - Dumps, Raphael

AU - Feito, Diego Alvarez

AU - Fournel, Frank

AU - Freestone, Julian

AU - Jedrychowski, Mariusz

AU - Franco Lima, Vinicius

AU - Gallas Torreira, Abraham

AU - Hulsbergen, Wouter

AU - Hynds, Daniel

AU - Izquierdo, Gonzalo Arnau

AU - Jalocha, Pawel

AU - Jans, Eddy

AU - John, Malcolm

AU - Jurik, Nathan

AU - Latham, Thomas

AU - Leflat, Alexander

AU - Lemos Cid, Edgar

AU - Lindner, Rolf

AU - Mapelli, Alessandro

AU - Mathad, Abhijit

AU - Morris, Andy

AU - Noel, Jerome

AU - Nomerotski, Andrei

AU - de Oliveira, Rui

AU - van Overbeek, Martijn

AU - Parkes, Chris

AU - Petagna, Paolo

AU - Porret, Alexandre

AU - Renaud, Denis

AU - Roeland, Erno

AU - Romagnoli, Giulia

AU - Rouchouze, Eric

AU - de Roo, Krista

AU - Sanders, Freek

AU - Schneider, Thomas

AU - Schindler, Heinrich

AU - Schmidt, Burkhard

AU - Schopper, Andreas

AU - Scantlebury-Smead, Luke

AU - Van Stenis, Miranda

AU - Svihra, Peter

AU - Teissandier, Benoit

AU - Teissier, Jean-Francois

AU - Thery, Xavier

AU - Thomas, Eric

AU - Verlaat, Bart

AU - Williams, Mark R.J.

PY - 2022/9/11

Y1 - 2022/9/11

N2 - The LHCb VELO Upgrade I, currently being installed for the 2022 start of LHC Run 3, uses silicon microchannel coolers with internally circulating bi-phase CO2 for thermal control of hybrid pixel modules operating in vacuum. This is the largest scale application of this technology to date. Production of the microchannel coolers was completed in July 2019 and the assembly into cooling structures was completed in September 2021. This article describes the R&D path supporting the microchannel production and assembly and the motivation for the design choices, together with the achieved fluidic and thermal performance. The Thermal Figure of Merit of the microchannel coolers is measured on the final modules to be between 1.5 and 3.5 K cm2 W−1, depending on glue thickness. The microchannel coolers constitute 18% of the total radiation length of the VELO and less than 2% of the material seen before the second measured point on the tracks. Microchannel cooling is well suited to the VELO implementation due to the uniform mass distribution, close thermal expansion match with the module components and resistance to radiation.

AB - The LHCb VELO Upgrade I, currently being installed for the 2022 start of LHC Run 3, uses silicon microchannel coolers with internally circulating bi-phase CO2 for thermal control of hybrid pixel modules operating in vacuum. This is the largest scale application of this technology to date. Production of the microchannel coolers was completed in July 2019 and the assembly into cooling structures was completed in September 2021. This article describes the R&D path supporting the microchannel production and assembly and the motivation for the design choices, together with the achieved fluidic and thermal performance. The Thermal Figure of Merit of the microchannel coolers is measured on the final modules to be between 1.5 and 3.5 K cm2 W−1, depending on glue thickness. The microchannel coolers constitute 18% of the total radiation length of the VELO and less than 2% of the material seen before the second measured point on the tracks. Microchannel cooling is well suited to the VELO implementation due to the uniform mass distribution, close thermal expansion match with the module components and resistance to radiation.

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JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

M1 - 166874

ER -

Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I

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Funding

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