TY - JOUR
T1 - Model-based rationalization of mixture toxicity and accumulation in Triticum aestivum upon concurrent exposure to yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium
AU - He, Erkai
AU - Gong, Bing
AU - Qiu, Hao
AU - Van Gestel, Cornelis A.M.
AU - Ruan, Jujun
AU - Tang, Yetao
AU - Huang, Xueying
AU - Xiao, Xue
AU - Li, Min
AU - Qiu, Rongliang
PY - 2020/5/5
Y1 - 2020/5/5
N2 - Rare earth elements (REEs) often co-exist in the environment, but predicting their ‘cocktail effects’ is still challenging, especially for high-order mixtures with more than two components. Here, we systematically investigated the toxicity and accumulation of yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium mixtures in Triticum aestivum following a standardized bioassay. Toxic effects of mixtures were predicted using the reference model of Concentration Addition (CA), Ternary model, and Ternary-Plus model. Interactions between the REEs in binary and ternary mixtures were determined based on external and internal concentrations, and their magnitude estimated from the parameters deviated from CA. Strong antagonistic interactions were found in the ternary mixtures even though there were no significant interactions in the binary mixtures. Predictive ability increased when using the CA model, Ternary model, and Ternary-Plus model, with R2 = 0.78, 0.80, and 0.87 based on external exposure concentrations, and R2 = 0.72, 0.73, and 0.79, respectively based on internal concentrations. The bioavailability-based model WHAM-FTOX explained more than 88 % and 85 % of the toxicity of binary and ternary REE treatments, respectively. Our result showed that the Ternary-Plus model and WHAM-FTOX model are promising tools to account for the interaction of REEs in mixtures and could be used for their risk assessment.
AB - Rare earth elements (REEs) often co-exist in the environment, but predicting their ‘cocktail effects’ is still challenging, especially for high-order mixtures with more than two components. Here, we systematically investigated the toxicity and accumulation of yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium mixtures in Triticum aestivum following a standardized bioassay. Toxic effects of mixtures were predicted using the reference model of Concentration Addition (CA), Ternary model, and Ternary-Plus model. Interactions between the REEs in binary and ternary mixtures were determined based on external and internal concentrations, and their magnitude estimated from the parameters deviated from CA. Strong antagonistic interactions were found in the ternary mixtures even though there were no significant interactions in the binary mixtures. Predictive ability increased when using the CA model, Ternary model, and Ternary-Plus model, with R2 = 0.78, 0.80, and 0.87 based on external exposure concentrations, and R2 = 0.72, 0.73, and 0.79, respectively based on internal concentrations. The bioavailability-based model WHAM-FTOX explained more than 88 % and 85 % of the toxicity of binary and ternary REE treatments, respectively. Our result showed that the Ternary-Plus model and WHAM-FTOX model are promising tools to account for the interaction of REEs in mixtures and could be used for their risk assessment.
KW - Bioavailability
KW - Interactions
KW - Mixture toxicity
KW - Modeling
KW - Rare earth elements
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076840590&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85076840590&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121940
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121940
M3 - Article
C2 - 31882339
AN - SCOPUS:85076840590
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 389
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
M1 - 121940
ER -