Modellen van ‘integratie’ in de psychologie en psychiatrie (II): het normatieve praktijkmodel.

This is the second of three articles on the relationship between science, religion and professional practice in psychology and psychiatry. The first article pointed out that the weakness of the integration debate consists of lack of awareness of the epistemological distinction between everyday knowledge, professional knowledge, scientific knowledge and philosophical assumptions. This article shows how the integration debate gains new impetus by relating knowledge to practices and by investigating the intrinsic normative nature of professional practices. In the first part of the article I will analyze the structure of professional practices (psychiatry; psychotherapy), in order to gain insight into the role of norms and values in these practices. In the second part I show how the notion of integration can be elaborated upon along the dimensions of structure (levels; functions) and direction (opening-up; disclosure). It appears that the I-self relationship plays a crucial role in the conceptualization of the relation between these two dimensions.