Observation of B (s)0 →j/ψp p Decays and Precision Measurements of the B (s)0 Masses

(LHCb Collaboration)

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804

Observation of B (s)0 →j/ψp p Decays and Precision Measurements of the B (s)0 Masses

(LHCb Collaboration)

(Astro)-Particles Physics

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The first observation of the decays B(s)0→J/ψpp is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb-1, collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are B(B0→J/ψpp)=[4.51±0.40(stat)±0.44(syst)]×10-7, B(Bs0→J/ψpp)=[3.58±0.19(stat)±0.39(syst)]×10-6. For the Bs0 meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of O(10-9). The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the B0 mass as 5279.74±0.30(stat)±0.10(syst) MeV and the Bs0 mass as 5366.85±0.19(stat)±0.13(syst) MeV.

Original language	English
Article number	191804
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	122
Issue number	19
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804
Publication status	Published - 17 May 2019

Funding

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Physikalisches Institut, 11 RWTH Aachen University , Aachen, Germany Fakultät Physik, 12 Technische Universität Dortmund , Dortmund, Germany 13 Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK) , Heidelberg, Germany Physikalisches Institut, 14 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany School of Physics, 15 University College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland 16 INFN Sezione di Bari , Bari, Italy 17 INFN Sezione di Bologna , Bologna, Italy 18 INFN Sezione di Ferrara , Ferrara, Italy 19 INFN Sezione di Firenze , Firenze, Italy 20 INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati , Frascati, Italy 21 INFN Sezione di Genova , Genova, Italy 22 INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca , Milano, Italy 23 INFN Sezione di Milano , Milano, Italy 24 INFN Sezione di Cagliari , Monserrato, Italy 25 INFN Sezione di Padova , Padova, Italy 26 INFN Sezione di Pisa , Pisa, Italy 27 INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata , Roma, Italy 28 INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza , Roma, Italy 29 Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics , Amsterdam, Netherlands 30 Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam , Amsterdam, Netherlands 31 Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków, Poland 32 AGH—University of Science and Technology , Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland 33 National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) , Warsaw, Poland 34 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering , Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 35 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) , Gatchina, Russia 36 Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) , Moscow, Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics, 37 Moscow State University (SINP MSU) , Moscow, Russia 38 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS) , Moscow, Russia 39 Yandex School of Data Analysis , Moscow, Russia 40 Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (SB RAS) , Novosibirsk, Russia 41 Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP) , Protvino, Russia ICCUB, 42 Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), 43 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela, Spain 44 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) , Geneva, Switzerland 45 Institute of Physics , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Physik-Institut, 46 Universität Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland 47 NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT) , Kharkiv, Ukraine 48 Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR) , Kyiv, Ukraine 49 University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, 50 University of Bristol , Bristol, United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory, 51 University of Cambridge , Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Physics, 52 University of Warwick , Coventry, United Kingdom 53 STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, 54 University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, 55 University of Glasgow , Glasgow, United Kingdom Oliver Lodge Laboratory, 56 University of Liverpool , Liverpool, United Kingdom 57 Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, 58 University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom Department of Physics, 59 University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom 60 Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 61 University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio, USA 62 University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland, USA 63 Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York, USA 64 Laboratory of Mathematical and Subatomic Physics , Constantine, Algeria [associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil] 65 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil [associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil] 66 South China Normal University , Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China) School of Physics and Technology, 67 Wuhan University , Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China) Institute of Particle Physics, 68 Central China Normal University , Wuhan, Hubei, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China) Departamento de Fisica, 69 Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université , Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France) Institut für Physik, 70 Universität Rostock , Rostock, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany) Van Swinderen Institute, 71 University of Groningen , Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics , Amsterdam, Netherlands) 72 National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute , Moscow, Russia [associated with Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) , Moscow, Russia] 73 National University of Science and Technology “MISIS,” Moscow , Russia [associated with Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) , Moscow, Russia] 74 National Research University Higher School of Economics , Moscow, Russia (associated with Yandex School of Data Analysis , Moscow, Russia) 75 National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk, Russia [associated with Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) , Moscow, Russia] Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, 76 Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia—CSIC , Valencia, Spain (associated with ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain) 77 University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York, USA) 78 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) , Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA (associated with Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York, USA) ,* * Full author list given at end of the article. † Deceased. a Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba-MG, Brazil. b Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. c P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Science (LPI RAS), Moscow, Russia. d Università di Bari, Bari, Italy. e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. f Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. g Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. h Università di Genova, Genova, Italy. i Università di Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy. j Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy. k Università di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy. l AGH—University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, Kraków, Poland. m LIFAELS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain. n Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam. o Università di Padova, Padova, Italy. p Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy. q Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy. r Università di Urbino, Urbino, Italy. s Università della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy. t Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy. u Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. v H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. w MSU—Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), Iligan, Philippines. x Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia. y Sezione INFN di Trieste, Trieste, Italy. z School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an, China. aa Physics and Micro Electronic College, Hunan University, Changsha City, China. ab Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. 17 May 2019 17 May 2019 122 19 191804 26 March 2019 18 February 2019 © 2019 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration 2019 CERN Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP 3 . The first observation of the decays B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb - 1 , collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are B ( B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) = [ 4.51 ± 0.40 ( stat ) ± 0.44 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 7 , B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) = [ 3.58 ± 0.19 ( stat ) ± 0.39 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 6 . For the B s 0 meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of O ( 10 - 9 ) . The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the B 0 mass as 5279.74 ± 0.30 ( stat ) ± 0.10 ( syst ) MeV and the B s 0 mass as 5366.85 ± 0.19 ( stat ) ± 0.13 ( syst ) MeV . Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 10.13039/501100002322 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 10.13039/501100003593 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro 10.13039/501100004586 Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos 10.13039/501100004809 Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China 10.13039/501100002855 National Natural Science Foundation of China 10.13039/501100001809 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 10.13039/501100004794 Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (CNRS/IN2P3) Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 10.13039/501100002347 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 10.13039/501100001659 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 10.13039/501100004189 Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare 10.13039/501100004007 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek 10.13039/501100003246 Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego 10.13039/501100004569 Narodowe Centrum Nauki 10.13039/501100004281 Ministerul Educatiei si Cercetarii Stiintifice 10.13039/501100006730 Institul de Fizica Atomica (MEN/IFA) Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation 10.13039/501100003443 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad 10.13039/501100003329 Swiss National Science Foundation 10.13039/501100001711 State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation 10.13039/501100007352 National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 10.13039/501100004742 Science and Technology Facilities Council 10.13039/501100000271 National Science Foundation 10.13039/100000001 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 10.13039/100009133 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron 10.13039/501100001647 SURF, Collaborative organisation for ICT in Dutch higher education and research PIC, Port d’Informacio Cientifica GridPP, UK Computing for Particle Physics National Research Center “Kurchatov” Institute Yandex LLC CSCS IFIN-HH CBPF PL-GRID Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC) Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung 10.13039/100005156 EPLANET, The European Particle physics Latin America NETwork H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions 10.13039/100010665 H2020 European Research Council 10.13039/100010663 Agence Nationale de la Recherche 10.13039/501100001665 Labex P2IO, Physique des 2 Infinis et des Origines Labex OCEVU, Origine Constituants et Evolution de l’Univers Région Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes Russian Foundation for Basic Research 10.13039/501100002261 Russian Science Foundation 10.13039/501100006769 Chinese Academy of Sciences 10.13039/501100002367 CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative Thousand Talents Program Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia 10.13039/501100008425 Generalitat de Catalunya 10.13039/501100002809 Generalitat Valenciana, the regional government of Valencia, in Spain Royal Society 10.13039/501100000288 Leverhulme Trust 10.13039/501100000275 Multiquark hadronic states beyond the well-studied quark-antiquark (meson) and three-quark (baryon) combinations remain elusive even 60 years after their prediction in the quark model [1,2] . Employing an amplitude analysis of Λ b → J / ψ p K - decays, the LHCb collaboration has found states consistent with | u u d c c ¯ ⟩ pentaquarks decaying to J / ψ p [3,4] (charge conjugation is implied throughout this Letter). The decays B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ are sensitive to pentaquark searches in the J / ψ p and J / ψ p ¯ components and to glueball states [5,6] in the p p ¯ system. Baryonic B ( s ) 0 decays are also interesting to study the dynamics of the final baryon-antibaryon system and its characteristic threshold enhancement, whose underlying origin has still to be completely understood [7] . In the leading Feynman diagrams shown in Fig. 1 , the B 0 mode is Cabibbo suppressed due to the presence of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa element V c d , while the B s 0 mode is Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka suppressed [2,8,9] . The naïve theoretical expectation for the branching fraction B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) is at the level of 10 - 9 [10] . However, the presence of an intermediate pentaquark or glueball state can enhance the decay rate. The authors of Ref. [10] pointed out the potential sensitivity of B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decays to tensor glueball states via a possible resonant contribution of f J ( 2220 ) → p p ¯ , which could enhance the B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decay branching fraction up to order 10 - 6 . Hints towards such enhancements were noted in a previous LHCb measurement using 1 fb - 1 of p p collision data, where no observation for either mode was made, but a 2.8 standard deviation excess was seen for the B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decay [11] . 1 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804.f1 FIG. 1. Leading Feynman diagrams for (a) B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ and (b) B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decays. These decays also allow for high-precision mass measurements. The kinetic energies in the B ( s ) 0 rest systems of the decay products ( Q values) are approximately 306 MeV for B 0 and 393 MeV for B s 0 decays. The small Q values imply a very small contribution from momentum uncertainties to the B ( s ) 0 mass measurements. In this Letter, the first observation of these modes along with their branching fraction and B 0 and B s 0 mass measurements are reported employing a data sample corresponding to 5.2 fb - 1 of p p collision data collected by the LHCb experiment. As a normalization mode, the copious B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ( → K + K - ) sample is used, which is similar in topology to the signal channels. The LHCb detector [12,13] is a single-arm forward spectrometer covering the pseudorapidity range 2 < η < 5 , designed for the study of particles containing b or c quarks. The detector includes a high-precision tracking system consisting of a silicon-strip vertex detector surrounding the p p interaction region [14] , a large-area silicon-strip detector located upstream of a dipole magnet with a bending power of about 4 Tm, and three stations of silicon-strip detectors and straw drift tubes [15] placed downstream of the magnet. The tracking system provides a measurement of the momentum p of charged particles with a relative uncertainty that varies from 0.5% at low momentum to 1.0% at 200 GeV [16] . Different types of charged hadrons are distinguished using information from two ring-imaging Cherenkov detectors [17] . Muons are identified by a system composed of alternating layers of iron and multiwire proportional chambers [18] . The online event selection is performed by a trigger [19] , comprising a hardware stage based on information from the muon system, followed by a software stage that applies a full event reconstruction. The software trigger is a combination of event categories mostly relying on identifying J / ψ decays consistent with a B meson decay topology with two muon tracks originating from a secondary decay vertex detached from the primary p p collision point. The p p collision data used in this analysis were collected at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV ( 3 fb - 1 ) and 13 TeV ( 2.2 fb - 1 ), during the run 1 (2011 and 2012) and run 2 (2015 and 2016) run periods, respectively. The data taking conditions differ enough between the two run periods that they are analyzed separately and the results combined at the end. Samples of simulated events are used to study the properties of the signal and control channels. The p p collisions are generated using pythia [20] with a specific LHCb configuration [21] . Decays of hadronic particles are described by evtgen [22] , in which final-state radiation is generated using photos [23] . For the B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ mode, simulation samples are generated according to a decay model based on results reported in Ref. [24] , while the B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ signal modes are generated uniformly in phase space. The interactions of the generated particles with the detector and its response are implemented using the geant 4 toolkit [25] as described in Ref. [26] . The event selection relies on the excellent vertexing and charged particle identification (PID) capabilities of the LHCb detector. For a given particle, the associated primary vertex (PV) corresponds to that with the smallest χ IP 2 , defined as the difference in χ 2 between the PV fit including and excluding the particle. Signal candidates are formed starting with a pair of charged tracks, consistent with muons originating from a common vertex, significantly displaced from its associated PV and with an invariant mass consistent with the J / ψ meson. Another pair of oppositely charged tracks, identified as protons and originating from a common vertex, is combined with the J / ψ candidate to form a B ( s ) 0 candidate. The entire decay topology is submitted to a kinematic fit where the dimuon invariant mass is constrained to the known J / ψ mass [27] . The B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ control mode candidates are reconstructed in a similar fashion, replacing the p p ¯ combination with a pair of charged tracks identified as K + K - candidates, required to have an invariant mass within ± 5 MeV of the known ϕ meson mass [27] . All charged tracks are required to be of good quality and have p T > 300 MeV ( p T > 550 MeV ) for p or K ( μ ). For the B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ mode, the contamination from B 0 → J / ψ K + π - decays with a pion misidentified as a kaon is rejected by imposing a B 0 mass veto and using PID information. At this stage, the combinatorial background dominates, comprising a correctly reconstructed J / ψ meson candidate combined with two unrelated charged tracks. A multidimensional gradient-boosting (GB) algorithm [28] is used to weight the simulated B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ events to match background-subtracted data distributions. This weighting is especially relevant for p and p T distributions of B mesons. These weights are denoted as GB weights and their distribution has a mean value of one and a standard deviation of 0.38. The background-subtracted data distributions are obtained using the sPlot technique [29] . Under the assumption that the relative corrections between data and simulation are similar among different B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ h + h ′ - decay topologies, h + and h ′ - being charged hadrons, the GB weights obtained from the control mode are applied to the signal mode. To validate this assumption, similar GB weights are derived using another control mode, B 0 → J / ψ K + π - , yielding similar results. For further background suppression, two multivariate classifiers are applied, each employing a gradient-boosted decision tree (BDT) [30] . In the first stage, the BDT kin classifier, based on kinematical and topological variables of the B s 0 candidate, is trained using the B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ decays from simulation as signal proxy and selected J / ψ p p ¯ candidates in the mass window [5450, 5700] MeV as background. For BDT kin , only kinematic variables whose distributions are similar between the signal and the control mode are employed. These include the p , p T , and χ IP 2 values of the B s 0 meson, the χ 2 probability from a kinematic fit [31] to the decay topology, and the impact parameter (IP) of the muons with respect to the associated PV. To determine the initial signal and background yields, a BDT kin selection requirement is applied to have good signal over background ratio. It is chosen by requiring the B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ signal figure of merit, S / S + B , to exceed five. The background yield B is estimated from a fit to the J / ψ p p ¯ invariant-mass distribution in a 2 σ window around the B s 0 mass peak, where σ is the invariant-mass resolution. To estimate the expected signal yield S , the central value of the B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ branching fraction quoted in Ref. [11] is used, along with the signal efficiency obtained from simulation. In the final selection stage, a second classifier, BDT PID , uses the hadron PID information from the Cherenkov detector system to distinguish between pions, kaons, and protons. Aside from PID, the BDT PID training variables also include the p , p T , and χ IP 2 values of the protons. The signal sample is taken as the B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ simulation incorporating the GB weights for the kinematic variables, while the background sample is taken from events in data with m ( J / ψ p p ¯ ) ∈ [ 5450 , 5500 ] MeV . The hadron PID variables in the simulation require further corrections to be representative of data. The PID variables are obtained from high-yield calibration samples of Λ c + → p K - π + and D * + → D 0 ( → K - π + ) π + decays, which can be selected as a function of the p , p T , and the number of tracks in the event using only kinematic information [32] . The optimal BDT PID selection criterion is chosen by maximizing the figure of merit S / S + B with the initial signal and background yields obtained from a fit to the m ( J / ψ p p ¯ ) distribution after the BDT kin selection. For the B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ control mode, the selection is performed using a dedicated classifier, BDT CS , which includes the kinematic variables considered in BDT kin with the addition of the PID information. After application of all selection requirements, the background is predominantly combinatorial. Approximately 1% of the selected events contain more than one candidate at this stage; a single candidate is selected randomly. The efficiency of the trigger, detector acceptance, reconstruction, and selection procedure is approximately 1%, as estimated from simulation. The B 0 and B s 0 signal and background yields are determined via an extended maximum likelihood fit to the J / ψ p p ¯ invariant-mass distribution in the range [5220, 5420] MeV. Each signal shape is modeled as the sum of two Crystal Ball [33] functions sharing a common peak position, with tails on either sides of the peak to describe the radiative and misreconstruction effects. The background shape is modeled by a first-order polynomial with parameters determined from the fit to data. The signal-model parameters are determined from simulation and only the B 0 and B s 0 central mass values are left as free parameters in the fit to data. The detector invariant-mass resolution is in agreement with simulations within a factor of 1.007 ± 0.004 as determined with the control mode. The resolution obtained from simulation is used in the nominal fit and residual discrepancies are accounted for in the systematic uncertainties. In order to validate the fit model, 1000 mass spectra are generated according to the model and fitted employing an alternative model comprising three Gaussian components for the signal and an exponential function for background. The difference between the input value of the yields and the mean of the fitted yields from the alternative model is assigned as a systematic uncertainty. The mass fit for the control mode uses a similar B s 0 signal line shape, with the background modeled by an exponential function. The result of the fit to the combined run 1 and run 2 control mode yields a signal of 136 800 ± 400 . The corresponding fit to the signal-mode candidates is shown in Fig. 2 with the results reported in Table I , where clear signals of B 0 and B s 0 are observed. 2 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804.f2 FIG. 2. Fit to the J / ψ p p ¯ invariant-mass distribution of the B ( s ) 0 signal modes. I 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804.t1 TABLE I. Signal yields and masses for B 0 and B s 0 mesons. Mode Yield B ( s ) 0 mass (MeV) B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ 256 ± 22 5279.74 ± 0.30 B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ 609 ± 31 5366.85 ± 0.19 The branching fractions measured with respect to the B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ control mode are B ( B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) × f s / f d = N B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ corr N B s 0 → J / ψ K + K - corr , B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) = N B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ corr N B s 0 → J / ψ K + K - corr , where f s / f d is the ratio of the b -quark hadronization probabilities into B s 0 and B 0 mesons, and N corr denotes efficiency-corrected signal yields. For the signal modes, since the physics model is not known a priori , an event-by-event efficiency correction is applied to the data. It is derived from simulation as a function of the kinematic variables, which are given in detail in the Supplemental Material [34] . Since the control mode has a topology very similar to that of the signal mode, most of the systematic uncertainties cancel in the branching-fraction ratio measurement. Residual systematic effects of the PID efficiency estimation are due to the correction procedure. An alternative PID correction is considered using proton calibration samples from decays of the long-lived Λ baryon to a proton and a pion, instead of prompt Λ c + decays. The difference between the two methods is assigned as a systematic uncertainty. The degree to which the simulation describes hadronic interactions with the detector material is less accurate for baryons than it is for mesons [22] . Following Ref. [35] a systematic uncertainty of 4% (1.1%) per proton (kaon) is assigned for the tracking efficiency of the signal (normalization mode), which is assumed to be fully correlated for the two hadrons with opposite charge. Other systematic effects include the choice of the fit model, weighting procedure, trigger efficiency, and presence of events with more than one candidate. The overall systematic uncertainties on the ratio of branching fractions are 7.2% (7.2%) and 6.5% (6.6%) for B s 0 ( B 0 ) meson in run 1 and run 2, respectively, where the relevant contributions, listed in Table II , are added in quadrature. Since the detector and the analysis methods remain the same between the two run periods, the systematic uncertainties are fully correlated, while the statistical uncertainties are uncorrelated. The combination of the measurements is taken as a weighted mean to give the branching-fraction ratios B ( B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) × f s / f d = [ 0.329 ± 0.029 ( stat ) ± 0.022 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 2 , B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) = [ 0.706 ± 0.037 ( stat ) ± 0.048 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 2 , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. For the absolute branching-fraction determination, the value B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) × f s / f d = ( 1.314 ± 0.016 ± 0.079 ) × 10 - 4 is obtained from Ref. [36] as the product of the two branching ratios, B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) = ( 10.50 ± 0.13 ± 0.64 ) × 10 - 4 and B ( ϕ → K + K - ) = 0.489 ± 0.005 , and the ratio of fragmentation probabilities f s / f d = 0.256 ± 0.020 [37] . For the B s 0 meson normalization, the updated ratio f s / f d = 0.259 ± 0.015 [37] is used in run 1, while for run 2 it has been multiplied by an additional scale factor of 1.068 ± 0.046 [38] to take into account the dependence on the center of mass energy. The small S -wave K + K - fraction under the ϕ ( 1020 ) resonance, F S = 0.0070 ± 0.0005 [36] , is accounted for as a correction. The absolute branching fractions are then combined to give B ( B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) = [ 4.51 ± 0.40 ( stat ) ± 0.44 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 7 , B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) = [ 3.58 ± 0.19 ( stat ) ± 0.39 ( syst ) ] × 10 - 6 , where the systematic uncertainty is the sum in quadrature of the overall systematic contribution on the ratio of branching fractions, the normalization mode uncertainty, and the f s / f d uncertainty for the B s 0 signal. Table II summarizes the systematic uncertainties separately for the run periods. The dominant contributions are the normalization, the PID, and the tracking systematic uncertainties. For the B 0 meson, the external normalization measurement from run 1, B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) × f s / f d [36] , is used, while for run 2 the additional energy-dependent correction on f s / f d has an uncertainty of 4.3%. For the B s 0 meson, the measured B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) × f s / f d is divided by f s / f d to obtain the B s 0 normalization, B ( B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ ) × B ( ϕ → K + K - ) , resulting in an uncertainty on f s / f d independent of the run condition. II 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804.t2 TABLE II. Systematic uncertainties on the branching-fraction measurements for run 1 and run 2. The total uncertainties on the branching-fraction ratios ( BFRs ) are the sum of the systematic uncertainties, added in quadrature. The total uncertainties on the absolute branching fractions ( B ) include the normalization and the uncertainties on the ratio f s / f d from external measurements as well. B ( B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) B ( B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ ) Run 1 (Run 2)% Run 1 (Run 2)% Fit model 1.0 (0.5) 1.0 (0.9) Detector resolution 0.6 (0.5) 0.4 (0.6) PID efficiency 5.0 (4.0) 5.0 (4.0) Trigger 1.0 (1.0) 1.0 (1.0) Tracking 5.0 (5.0) 5.0 (5.0) Simulation weighting 0.4 (0.4) 0.3 (0.3) Multiple candidates 0.1 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) Total on BFR 7.2 (6.5) 7.2 (6.6) Normalization 6.1 (6.1) 6.1 (6.1) f s / f d - ( 4.3 ) 5.8 (5.8) Total on B 9.4(10.1) 11.1 (10.7) In addition, the small Q values of the B ( s ) 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decays also allow for precise measurements of the B 0 and B s 0 masses, with a resolution of 3.3 MeV (3.8 MeV) for the B 0 ( B s 0 ) meson. The main systematic uncertainty is related to imperfections in the momentum reconstruction. The momentum scale is calibrated using samples of J / ψ → μ + μ - and B + → J / ψ K + decays collected concurrently with the data sample used for this analysis [39,40] . The relative accuracy of this procedure is estimated to be 3 × 10 - 4 using samples of other fully reconstructed b hadrons, Υ and K S 0 mesons. Other systematic effects are due to uncertainties on particle interactions with the detector material and to the choice of the signal model, as reported in Table III . The uncertainty on the J / ψ mass is included in the momentum scaling contribution. The final results are m B 0 = 5279.74 ± 0.30 ( stat ) ± 0.10 ( syst ) MeV , m B s 0 = 5366.85 ± 0.19 ( stat ) ± 0.13 ( syst ) MeV , with a correlation of 4 × 10 - 4 in the statistical uncertainty. These represent the most precise single measurements for the B 0 and B s 0 masses. III 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804.t3 TABLE III. Systematic uncertainties of B 0 and B s 0 mass measurements. B 0 B s 0 (MeV) (MeV) Momentum scale 0.097 0.124 Mass fit model 0.020 0.020 Energy loss correction 0.030 0.030 Total 0.103 0.129 In summary, the first observation of the B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ and B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decays is reported. The measured branching fraction for the B 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ decay is consistent with theoretical expectations [10] while that for B s 0 → J / ψ p p ¯ is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude with respect to predictions without resonant contributions [10] . More data are needed for glueball and pentaquark searches through a full Dalitz plot analysis. The world’s best single measurements of the B 0 and B s 0 masses are also reported. We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. We thank the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb institutes. We acknowledge support from CERN and from the following national agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ, and FINEP (Brazil); MOST and NSFC (China); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and MPG (Germany); INFN (Italy); NWO (Netherlands); MNiSW and NCN (Poland); MEN/IFA (Romania); MSHE (Russia); MinECo (Spain); SNSF and SER (Switzerland); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); and NSF (USA). We acknowledge the computing resources that are provided by CERN, IN2P3 (France), KIT and DESY (Germany), INFN (Italy), SURF (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), GridPP (United Kingdom), RRCKI and Yandex LLC (Russia), CSCS (Switzerland), IFIN-HH (Romania), CBPF (Brazil), (France), KIT and DESY (Germany), INFN (Italy), SURF (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), GridPP (United Kingdom), RRCKI and Yandex LLC (Russia), CSCS (Switzerland), IFIN-HH (Romania), CBPF (Brazil), PL-GRID (Poland), and OSC (USA). We are indebted to the communities behind the multiple open-source software packages on which we depend. 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JHEPFG 1029-8479 10.1007/JHEP06(2013)065

Funders	Funder number
Not added	ST/J004332/1, ST/N000250/1, ST/K003410/1, 1796908, ST/N000331/1, ST/L003163/1, ST/N000242/1
AvH Foundation
CNRS/IN2P3
EPLANET
Fondazione Fratelli Confalonieri
Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of CAS
MSHE
OCEVU
XuntaGal
Yandex LLC
National Science Foundation
Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Los Alamos National Laboratory
School of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	771642
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
CERN
College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Science and Technology Facilities Council	ST/N000234/1, GRIDPP
Leverhulme Trust
Royal Society
European Research Council
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Russian Foundation for Basic Research
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Generalitat Valenciana
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Ministry of Science and Technology
Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Narodowe Centrum Nauki
Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Russian Science Foundation
Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Recruitment Program of Global Experts

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@article{55a00e62697b4227a05ed647e73d7175,

title = "Observation of B (s)0 →j/ψp p Decays and Precision Measurements of the B (s)0 Masses",

abstract = "The first observation of the decays B(s)0→J/ψpp is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb-1, collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are B(B0→J/ψpp)=[4.51±0.40(stat)±0.44(syst)]×10-7, B(Bs0→J/ψpp)=[3.58±0.19(stat)±0.39(syst)]×10-6. For the Bs0 meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of O(10-9). The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the B0 mass as 5279.74±0.30(stat)±0.10(syst) MeV and the Bs0 mass as 5366.85±0.19(stat)±0.13(syst) MeV.",

author = "R. Aaij and {Abell{\'a}n Beteta}, C. and B. Adeva and M. Adinolfi and Aidala, {C. A.} and Z. Ajaltouni and S. Akar and P. Albicocco and J. Albrecht and F. Alessio and M. Alexander and {Alfonso Albero}, A. and G. Alkhazov and {Alvarez Cartelle}, P. and Alves, {A. A.} and S. Amato and S. Amerio and Y. Amhis and L. An and L. Anderlini and G. Andreassi and M. Andreotti and Andrews, {J. E.} and F. Archilli and {Arnau Romeu}, J. and A. Artamonov and M. Artuso and K. Arzymatov and E. Aslanides and M. Atzeni and B. Audurier and S. Bachmann and Back, {J. J.} and S. Baker and V. Balagura and W. Baldini and A. Baranov and Barlow, {R. J.} and Barrand, {G. C.} and S. Barsuk and W. Barter and M. Bartolini and F. Baryshnikov and V. Batozskaya and B. Batsukh and A. Battig and V. Battista and A. Bay and J. Beddow and F. Bedeschi and I. Bediaga and A. Beiter and Bel, {L. J.} and S. Belin and N. Beliy and V. Bellee and N. Belloli and K. Belous and I. Belyaev and G. Bencivenni and E. 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Stefkova and O. Steinkamp and S. Stemmle and O. Stenyakin and M. Stepanova and H. Stevens and A. Stocchi and S. Stone and B. Storaci and S. Stracka and Stramaglia, {M. E.} and M. Straticiuc and U. Straumann and S. Strokov and J. Sun and L. Sun and Y. Sun and K. Swientek and A. Szabelski and T. Szumlak and M. Szymanski and Z. Tang and T. Tekampe and G. Tellarini and F. Teubert and E. Thomas and Tilley, {M. J.} and V. Tisserand and S. T'Jampens and M. Tobin and S. Tolk and L. Tomassetti and D. Tonelli and Tou, {D. Y.} and {Tourinho Jadallah Aoude}, R. and E. Tournefier and M. Traill and Tran, {M. T.} and A. Trisovic and A. Tsaregorodtsev and G. Tuci and A. Tully and N. Tuning and A. Ukleja and A. Usachov and A. Ustyuzhanin and U. Uwer and A. Vagner and V. Vagnoni and A. Valassi and S. Valat and G. Valenti and {Van Beuzekom}, M. and {Van Herwijnen}, E. and {Van Tilburg}, J. and {Van Veghel}, M. and {Vazquez Gomez}, R. and {Vazquez Regueiro}, P. and {V{\'a}zquez Sierra}, C. and S. Vecchi and Velthuis, {J. J.} and M. Veltri and G. Veneziano and A. Venkateswaran and M. Vernet and M. Veronesi and M. Vesterinen and {Viana Barbosa}, {J. V.} and D. Vieira and {Vieites Diaz}, M. and H. Viemann and X. Vilasis-Cardona and A. Vitkovskiy and M. Vitti and V. Volkov and A. Vollhardt and {Vom Bruch}, D. and B. Voneki and A. Vorobyev and V. Vorobyev and N. Voropaev and R. Waldi and J. Walsh and J. Wang and M. Wang and Y. Wang and Z. Wang and Ward, {D. R.} and Wark, {H. M.} and Watson, {N. K.} and D. Websdale and A. Weiden and C. Weisser and M. Whitehead and G. Wilkinson and M. Wilkinson and I. Williams and M. Williams and Williams, {M. R.J.} and T. Williams and Wilson, {F. F.} and M. Winn and W. Wislicki and M. Witek and G. Wormser and Wotton, {S. A.} and K. Wyllie and D. Xiao and Y. Xie and A. Xu and M. Xu and Q. Xu and Z. Xu and Z. Xu and Z. Yang and Z. Yang and Y. Yao and Yeomans, {L. E.} and H. Yin and J. Yu and X. Yuan and O. Yushchenko and Zarebski, {K. A.} and M. Zavertyaev and D. Zhang and L. Zhang and Zhang, {W. C.} and Y. Zhang and A. Zhelezov and Y. Zheng and X. Zhu and V. Zhukov and Zonneveld, {J. B.} and S. Zucchelli and {(LHCb Collaboration)}",

year = "2019",

month = may,

day = "17",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804",

language = "English",

volume = "122",

journal = "Physical Review Letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "19",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observation of B (s)0 →j/ψp p Decays and Precision Measurements of the B (s)0 Masses

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AU - Zonneveld, J. B.

AU - Zucchelli, S.

AU - (LHCb Collaboration)

PY - 2019/5/17

Y1 - 2019/5/17

N2 - The first observation of the decays B(s)0→J/ψpp is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb-1, collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are B(B0→J/ψpp)=[4.51±0.40(stat)±0.44(syst)]×10-7, B(Bs0→J/ψpp)=[3.58±0.19(stat)±0.39(syst)]×10-6. For the Bs0 meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of O(10-9). The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the B0 mass as 5279.74±0.30(stat)±0.10(syst) MeV and the Bs0 mass as 5366.85±0.19(stat)±0.13(syst) MeV.

AB - The first observation of the decays B(s)0→J/ψpp is reported, using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb-1, collected with the LHCb detector. These decays are suppressed due to limited available phase space, as well as due to Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka or Cabibbo suppression. The measured branching fractions are B(B0→J/ψpp)=[4.51±0.40(stat)±0.44(syst)]×10-7, B(Bs0→J/ψpp)=[3.58±0.19(stat)±0.39(syst)]×10-6. For the Bs0 meson, the result is much higher than the expected value of O(10-9). The small available phase space in these decays also allows for the most precise single measurement of both the B0 mass as 5279.74±0.30(stat)±0.10(syst) MeV and the Bs0 mass as 5366.85±0.19(stat)±0.13(syst) MeV.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065834588&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85065834588&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.191804

M3 - Article

C2 - 31144973

AN - SCOPUS:85065834588

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 122

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 19

M1 - 191804

ER -

Observation of B (s)0 →j/ψp p Decays and Precision Measurements of the B (s)0 Masses

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