Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a ceramic primer and its increased passive application on the fatigue performance of adhesively cemented lithium disilicate simplified restorations. Ceramic discs (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.0 mm) were submitted to an in-lab simulation of CAD/CAM milling and allocated into 8 groups (n = 15), considering 2 factors: “surface treatment”– PRIMER, only coupling agent application (Monobond N); HF5+PRIMER, 5% hydrofluoric acid and coupling agent; E&P 20s + 40s and E&P 20s+5min, ceramic etching/priming (Monobond Etch & Prime, E&P) for 20 s of active application followed by 40 s or 5 min of passive application, respectively; and “aging condition”– baseline, storage for 24 h to 5 days; aged, storage for 90 days +12,000 thermal cycles. Adhesive cementation (Multilink N) was performed onto epoxy discs (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2 mm) and the cemented assemblies were subjected to step-stress fatigue tests (initial load of 200 N; step-size of 50 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz). The results showed that the groups had similar fatigue performance in the baseline condition (except for E&P 20s+5min: 940.0 N; 123,000 cycles > PRIMER: 786.7 N; 92,333 cycles). When aged, the PRIMER group presented the worst fatigue performance (480.8 N; 31,154 cycles) compared to the other groups (810.0–840.0 N; 97,000–103,000 cycles). In addition, only the PRIMER treatment showed unstable fatigue performance (baseline > aged). Therefore, ceramic surface treatment promoting micromechanical interlocking and chemical bonds is mandatory for stable fatigue performance of adhesively cemented lithium disilicate restorations. The one-step ceramic primer/conditioner promoted similar fatigue performance to the 5% hydrofluoric acid + coupling agent, but increased E&P etching time did not improve the fatigue behavior.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 103686 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials |
| Volume | 104 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2020 |
Funding
The authors declare no conflict of interests and emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001 ) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS) . We especially thank Ivoclar Vivadent for donating the research materials, and finally we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript. The authors declare no conflict of interests and emphasize that this study was partly financed by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Finance code 001) and by the Foundation to Research Support of the Rio Grande do Sul State (FAPERGS). We especially thank Ivoclar Vivadent for donating the research materials, and finally we emphasize that those institutions had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or in preparing the manuscript.
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel | |
| Rio Grande do Sul State | |
| Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior | |
| Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul | |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul |
