Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury

Yiming Ma; Sonja de Groot; Ad Vink; Wouter Harmsen; Christof A J Smit; Janneke M Stolwijk-Swuste; Peter J M Weijs; Thomas W J Janssen

doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120

Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury

Yiming Ma
, Sonja de Groot
, Ad Vink
, Wouter Harmsen
, Christof A J Smit
, Janneke M Stolwijk-Swuste
, Peter J M Weijs
, Thomas W J Janssen

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if using surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for paralyzed lower-limb muscles results in an increase in energy expenditure and if the number of activated muscles and duty cycle affect the potential increase.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

RESULTS: Energy expenditure during all NMES protocols was significantly higher than the condition without NMES (1.2 ± 0.2 kcal/min), with the highest increase (+ 51%; +0.7 kcal/min, 95% CI: 0.3 - 1.2) for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. A significant decrease in muscle contraction size during NMES was found with a longer stimulation time, more muscles activated or the duty cycle with a shorter rest period.

CONCLUSION: Using NMES for paralyzed lower-limb muscles can significantly increase the energy expenditure compared to sitting without NMES with the highest increase for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. Muscle fatigue occurred significantly with the more intense NMES protocols which might cause a lower energy expenditure in a longer protocol. Future studies should further optimize the NMES parameters and investigate the long-term effects of NMES on weight management in people with SCI.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	489-497
Number of pages	9
Journal	American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume	102
Issue number	6
Early online date	11 Oct 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120
Publication status	Published - Jun 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding

The authors thank the rehabilitation center Reade in Amsterdam which has contributed to the organization of measurements. They also thank China Scholarship Council (CSC), which has supported the PhD career of the corresponding author. The authors appreciate the cooperation of all the participants and the master’s students who performed the measurements.

Funders
China Scholarship Council

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

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10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120

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Ma, Y., de Groot, S., Vink, A., Harmsen, W., Smit, C. A. J., Stolwijk-Swuste, J. M., Weijs, P. J. M., & Janssen, T. W. J. (2023). Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 102(6), 489-497. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120

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title = "Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if using surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for paralyzed lower-limb muscles results in an increase in energy expenditure and if the number of activated muscles and duty cycle affect the potential increase.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.RESULTS: Energy expenditure during all NMES protocols was significantly higher than the condition without NMES (1.2 ± 0.2 kcal/min), with the highest increase (+ 51\%; +0.7 kcal/min, 95\% CI: 0.3 - 1.2) for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. A significant decrease in muscle contraction size during NMES was found with a longer stimulation time, more muscles activated or the duty cycle with a shorter rest period.CONCLUSION: Using NMES for paralyzed lower-limb muscles can significantly increase the energy expenditure compared to sitting without NMES with the highest increase for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. Muscle fatigue occurred significantly with the more intense NMES protocols which might cause a lower energy expenditure in a longer protocol. Future studies should further optimize the NMES parameters and investigate the long-term effects of NMES on weight management in people with SCI.",

author = "Yiming Ma and \{de Groot\}, Sonja and Ad Vink and Wouter Harmsen and Smit, \{Christof A J\} and Stolwijk-Swuste, \{Janneke M\} and Weijs, \{Peter J M\} and Janssen, \{Thomas W J\}",

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Ma, Y, de Groot, S, Vink, A, Harmsen, W, Smit, CAJ, Stolwijk-Swuste, JM, Weijs, PJM & Janssen, TWJ 2023, 'Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury', American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 102, no. 6, pp. 489-497. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120

Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury. / Ma, Yiming; de Groot, Sonja; Vink, Ad et al.
In: American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol. 102, No. 6, 06.2023, p. 489-497.

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury

AU - Ma, Yiming

AU - de Groot, Sonja

AU - Vink, Ad

AU - Harmsen, Wouter

AU - Smit, Christof A J

AU - Stolwijk-Swuste, Janneke M

AU - Weijs, Peter J M

AU - Janssen, Thomas W J

PY - 2023/6

Y1 - 2023/6

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if using surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for paralyzed lower-limb muscles results in an increase in energy expenditure and if the number of activated muscles and duty cycle affect the potential increase.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.RESULTS: Energy expenditure during all NMES protocols was significantly higher than the condition without NMES (1.2 ± 0.2 kcal/min), with the highest increase (+ 51%; +0.7 kcal/min, 95% CI: 0.3 - 1.2) for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. A significant decrease in muscle contraction size during NMES was found with a longer stimulation time, more muscles activated or the duty cycle with a shorter rest period.CONCLUSION: Using NMES for paralyzed lower-limb muscles can significantly increase the energy expenditure compared to sitting without NMES with the highest increase for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. Muscle fatigue occurred significantly with the more intense NMES protocols which might cause a lower energy expenditure in a longer protocol. Future studies should further optimize the NMES parameters and investigate the long-term effects of NMES on weight management in people with SCI.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if using surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for paralyzed lower-limb muscles results in an increase in energy expenditure and if the number of activated muscles and duty cycle affect the potential increase.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.RESULTS: Energy expenditure during all NMES protocols was significantly higher than the condition without NMES (1.2 ± 0.2 kcal/min), with the highest increase (+ 51%; +0.7 kcal/min, 95% CI: 0.3 - 1.2) for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. A significant decrease in muscle contraction size during NMES was found with a longer stimulation time, more muscles activated or the duty cycle with a shorter rest period.CONCLUSION: Using NMES for paralyzed lower-limb muscles can significantly increase the energy expenditure compared to sitting without NMES with the highest increase for the protocol with more muscles activated and the duty cycle with a shorter rest period. Muscle fatigue occurred significantly with the more intense NMES protocols which might cause a lower energy expenditure in a longer protocol. Future studies should further optimize the NMES parameters and investigate the long-term effects of NMES on weight management in people with SCI.

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JO - American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

JF - American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Ma Y, de Groot S, Vink A, Harmsen W, Smit CAJ, Stolwijk-Swuste JM et al. Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2023 Jun;102(6):489-497. Epub 2022 Oct 11. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002120

Optimization of protocols using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for paralyzed lower-limb muscles to increase energy expenditure in people with spinal cord injury

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Persistent URL (handle)

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