Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatography

Theodora Adamopoulou; Sander Deridder; Tijmen S. Bos; Suhas Nawada; Gert Desmet; Peter J. Schoenmakers

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460665

Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatography

Theodora Adamopoulou^*
, Sander Deridder
, Tijmen S. Bos
, Suhas Nawada
, Gert Desmet
, Peter J. Schoenmakers

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

In spatial multi-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC) devices the flow of each dimension has to remain in the corresponding region, otherwise the separation efficiency is undermined. Adequate flow-confinement measures are necessary. Here, the use of permeability differences across different compartments of spatial two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) LC devices as a method to guide fluid flow and reduce analyte loss during the first, second- and third-dimension development was investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. In case of 2DLC devices, it was shown that porous barriers with a permeability on the order of 10⁻¹² m² suffice to keep the total sample spillage from an open ¹D channel under 1%. In case of 3DLC devices, it was shown that flow confinement could be achieved using an open ¹D channel in combination with a highly-permeable monolith (permeability on the order of 10⁻¹² m²) in the second-dimension (²D) and a less permeable packing with a permeability on the order of 10⁻¹⁵ m² (e.g. 1 μm particles) in the third-dimension (³D). Additionally, the impact of the ³D flow-distributor has been studied and a novel design, capable of limiting the spillage to the other dimensions to the absolute minimum, is proposed.

Original language	English
Article number	460665
Pages (from-to)	1-10
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Chromatography A
Volume	1612
Early online date	31 Oct 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460665
Publication status	Published - 8 Feb 2020

Funding

The STAMP project is funded under Horizon 2020-Excellent Science-European Research Council (ERC) , Project 694151 . The sole responsibility of this publication lies with the authors. The European Union is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Sander Deridder gratefully acknowledges a research grant from the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) . The STAMP project is funded under Horizon 2020-Excellent Science-European Research Council (ERC), Project 694151. The sole responsibility of this publication lies with the authors. The European Union is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Sander Deridder gratefully acknowledges a research grant from the Research Foundation ? Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen).

Funders	Funder number
FWO-Vlaanderen
Horizon 2020-Excellent Science-European Research Council
Research Foundation – Flanders
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	694151
European Commission
European Research Council

Keywords

Computational fluid dynamics
Flow-confinement
Flow-control
Multi-dimensional LC
Spatial chromatography

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10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460665

Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatographyFinal published version, 2.78 MBLicence: Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act

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title = "Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatography",

abstract = "In spatial multi-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC) devices the flow of each dimension has to remain in the corresponding region, otherwise the separation efficiency is undermined. Adequate flow-confinement measures are necessary. Here, the use of permeability differences across different compartments of spatial two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) LC devices as a method to guide fluid flow and reduce analyte loss during the first, second- and third-dimension development was investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. In case of 2DLC devices, it was shown that porous barriers with a permeability on the order of 10−12 m2 suffice to keep the total sample spillage from an open 1D channel under 1\%. In case of 3DLC devices, it was shown that flow confinement could be achieved using an open 1D channel in combination with a highly-permeable monolith (permeability on the order of 10−12 m2) in the second-dimension (2D) and a less permeable packing with a permeability on the order of 10−15 m2 (e.g. 1 μm particles) in the third-dimension (3D). Additionally, the impact of the 3D flow-distributor has been studied and a novel design, capable of limiting the spillage to the other dimensions to the absolute minimum, is proposed.",

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AU - Deridder, Sander

AU - Bos, Tijmen S.

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AU - Desmet, Gert

AU - Schoenmakers, Peter J.

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Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatography

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