Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies

Kimmo Eriksson; Pontus Strimling; Michele Gelfand; Junhui Wu; Jered Abernathy; Charity S. Akotia; Alisher Aldashev; Per A. Andersson; Giulia Andrighetto; Adote Anum; Gizem Arikan; Zeynep Aycan; Fatemeh Bagherian; Davide Barrera; Dana Basnight-Brown; Birzhan Batkeyev; Anabel Belaus; Elizaveta Berezina; Marie Björnstjerna; Sheyla Blumen; Paweł Boski; Fouad Bou Zeineddine; Inna Bovina; Bui Thi Thu Huyen; Juan Camilo Cardenas; Đorđe Čekrlija; Hoon Seok Choi; Carlos C. Contreras-Ibáñez; Rui Costa-Lopes; Mícheál de Barra; Piyanjali de Zoysa; Angela Dorrough; Nikolay Dvoryanchikov; Anja Eller; Jan B. Engelmann; Hyun Euh; Xia Fang; Susann Fiedler; Olivia A. Foster-Gimbel; Márta Fülöp; Ragna B. Gardarsdottir; C. M.Hew D. Gill; Andreas Glöckner; Sylvie Graf; Ani Grigoryan; Vladimir Gritskov; Katarzyna Growiec; Peter Halama; Andree Hartanto; Tim Hopthrow; Martina Hřebíčková; Dzintra Iliško; Hirotaka Imada; Hansika Kapoor; Kerry Kawakami; Narine Khachatryan; Natalia Kharchenko; Ninetta Khoury; Toko Kiyonari; Michal Kohút; Lê Thuỳ Linh; Lisa M. Leslie; Yang Li; Norman P. Li; Zhuo Li; Kadi Liik; Angela T. Maitner; Bernardo Manhique; Harry Manley; Imed Medhioub; Sari Mentser; Linda Mohammed; Pegah Nejat; Orlando Nipassa; Ravit Nussinson; Nneoma G. Onyedire; Ike E. Onyishi; Seniha Özden; Penny Panagiotopoulou; Lorena R. Perez-Floriano; Minna S. Persson; Mpho Pheko; Anna Maija Pirttilä-Backman; Marianna Pogosyan; Jana Raver; Cecilia Reyna; Ricardo Borges Rodrigues; Sara Romanò; Pedro P. Romero; Inari Sakki; Alvaro San Martin; Sara Sherbaji; Hiroshi Shimizu; Brent Simpson; Erna Szabo; Kosuke Takemura; Hassan Tieffi; Maria Luisa Mendes Teixeira; Napoj Thanomkul; Habib Tiliouine; Giovanni A. Travaglino; Yannis Tsirbas; Richard Wan; Sita Widodo; Rizqy Zein; Qing peng Zhang; Lina Zirganou-Kazolea; Paul A.M. Van Lange

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies

Kimmo Eriksson^*, Pontus Strimling, Michele Gelfand, Junhui Wu, Jered Abernathy, Charity S. Akotia, Alisher Aldashev, Per A. Andersson, Giulia Andrighetto, Adote Anum, Gizem Arikan, Zeynep Aycan, Fatemeh Bagherian, Davide Barrera, Dana Basnight-Brown, Birzhan Batkeyev, Anabel Belaus, Elizaveta Berezina, Marie Björnstjerna, Sheyla BlumenPaweł Boski, Fouad Bou Zeineddine, Inna Bovina, Bui Thi Thu Huyen, Juan Camilo Cardenas, Đorđe Čekrlija, Hoon Seok Choi, Carlos C. Contreras-Ibáñez, Rui Costa-Lopes, Mícheál de Barra, Piyanjali de Zoysa, Angela Dorrough, Nikolay Dvoryanchikov, Anja Eller, Jan B. Engelmann, Hyun Euh, Xia Fang, Susann Fiedler, Olivia A. Foster-Gimbel, Márta Fülöp, Ragna B. Gardarsdottir, C. M.Hew D. Gill, Andreas Glöckner, Sylvie Graf, Ani Grigoryan, Vladimir Gritskov, Katarzyna Growiec, Peter Halama, Andree Hartanto, Tim Hopthrow, Martina Hřebíčková, Dzintra Iliško, Hirotaka Imada, Hansika Kapoor, Kerry Kawakami, Narine Khachatryan, Natalia Kharchenko, Ninetta Khoury, Toko Kiyonari, Michal Kohút, Lê Thuỳ Linh, Lisa M. Leslie, Yang Li, Norman P. Li, Zhuo Li, Kadi Liik, Angela T. Maitner, Bernardo Manhique, Harry Manley, Imed Medhioub, Sari Mentser, Linda Mohammed, Pegah Nejat, Orlando Nipassa, Ravit Nussinson, Nneoma G. Onyedire, Ike E. Onyishi, Seniha Özden, Penny Panagiotopoulou, Lorena R. Perez-Floriano, Minna S. Persson, Mpho Pheko, Anna Maija Pirttilä-Backman, Marianna Pogosyan, Jana Raver, Cecilia Reyna, Ricardo Borges Rodrigues, Sara Romanò, Pedro P. Romero, Inari Sakki, Alvaro San Martin, Sara Sherbaji, Hiroshi Shimizu, Brent Simpson, Erna Szabo, Kosuke Takemura, Hassan Tieffi, Maria Luisa Mendes Teixeira, Napoj Thanomkul, Habib Tiliouine, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Yannis Tsirbas, Richard Wan, Sita Widodo, Rizqy Zein, Qing peng Zhang, Lina Zirganou-Kazolea, Paul A.M. Van Lange

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to Journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.

Original language	English
Article number	1481
Pages (from-to)	1-11
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	12
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9
Publication status	Published - 5 Mar 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).

Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Funding

This research was funded by the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences (Riksbankens Jubileumsfond) [P17-0030:1]. The contributions of S.G. and M.H. were supported by the Czech Science Foundation [20-01214S] and the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences [RVO: 68081740].

Funders	Funder number
Riksbankens Jubileumsfond	P17-0030:1
Riksbankens Jubileumsfond

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

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Eriksson, K., Strimling, P., Gelfand, M., Wu, J., Abernathy, J., Akotia, C. S., Aldashev, A., Andersson, P. A., Andrighetto, G., Anum, A., Arikan, G., Aycan, Z., Bagherian, F., Barrera, D., Basnight-Brown, D., Batkeyev, B., Belaus, A., Berezina, E., Björnstjerna, M., ... Van Lange, P. A. M. (2021). Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1-11. Article 1481. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

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title = "Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies",

abstract = "Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.",

author = "Kimmo Eriksson and Pontus Strimling and Michele Gelfand and Junhui Wu and Jered Abernathy and Akotia, {Charity S.} and Alisher Aldashev and Andersson, {Per A.} and Giulia Andrighetto and Adote Anum and Gizem Arikan and Zeynep Aycan and Fatemeh Bagherian and Davide Barrera and Dana Basnight-Brown and Birzhan Batkeyev and Anabel Belaus and Elizaveta Berezina and Marie Bj{\"o}rnstjerna and Sheyla Blumen and Pawe{\l} Boski and {Bou Zeineddine}, Fouad and Inna Bovina and Huyen, {Bui Thi Thu} and Cardenas, {Juan Camilo} and {\D}or{\d}e {\v C}ekrlija and Choi, {Hoon Seok} and Contreras-Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez, {Carlos C.} and Rui Costa-Lopes and {de Barra}, M{\'i}che{\'a}l and {de Zoysa}, Piyanjali and Angela Dorrough and Nikolay Dvoryanchikov and Anja Eller and Engelmann, {Jan B.} and Hyun Euh and Xia Fang and Susann Fiedler and Foster-Gimbel, {Olivia A.} and M{\'a}rta F{\"u}l{\"o}p and Gardarsdottir, {Ragna B.} and Gill, {C. M.Hew D.} and Andreas Gl{\"o}ckner and Sylvie Graf and Ani Grigoryan and Vladimir Gritskov and Katarzyna Growiec and Peter Halama and Andree Hartanto and Tim Hopthrow and Martina H{\v r}eb{\'i}{\v c}kov{\'a} and Dzintra Ili{\v s}ko and Hirotaka Imada and Hansika Kapoor and Kerry Kawakami and Narine Khachatryan and Natalia Kharchenko and Ninetta Khoury and Toko Kiyonari and Michal Koh{\'u}t and Linh, {L{\^e} Thuỳ} and Leslie, {Lisa M.} and Yang Li and Li, {Norman P.} and Zhuo Li and Kadi Liik and Maitner, {Angela T.} and Bernardo Manhique and Harry Manley and Imed Medhioub and Sari Mentser and Linda Mohammed and Pegah Nejat and Orlando Nipassa and Ravit Nussinson and Onyedire, {Nneoma G.} and Onyishi, {Ike E.} and Seniha {\"O}zden and Penny Panagiotopoulou and Perez-Floriano, {Lorena R.} and Persson, {Minna S.} and Mpho Pheko and Pirttil{\"a}-Backman, {Anna Maija} and Marianna Pogosyan and Jana Raver and Cecilia Reyna and Rodrigues, {Ricardo Borges} and Sara Roman{\`o} and Romero, {Pedro P.} and Inari Sakki and {San Martin}, Alvaro and Sara Sherbaji and Hiroshi Shimizu and Brent Simpson and Erna Szabo and Kosuke Takemura and Hassan Tieffi and {Mendes Teixeira}, {Maria Luisa} and Napoj Thanomkul and Habib Tiliouine and Travaglino, {Giovanni A.} and Yannis Tsirbas and Richard Wan and Sita Widodo and Rizqy Zein and Zhang, {Qing peng} and Lina Zirganou-Kazolea and {Van Lange}, {Paul A.M.}",

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doi = "10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9",

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journal = "Nature Communications",

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Eriksson, K, Strimling, P, Gelfand, M, Wu, J, Abernathy, J, Akotia, CS, Aldashev, A, Andersson, PA, Andrighetto, G, Anum, A, Arikan, G, Aycan, Z, Bagherian, F, Barrera, D, Basnight-Brown, D, Batkeyev, B, Belaus, A, Berezina, E, Björnstjerna, M, Blumen, S, Boski, P, Bou Zeineddine, F, Bovina, I, Huyen, BTT, Cardenas, JC, Čekrlija, Đ, Choi, HS, Contreras-Ibáñez, CC, Costa-Lopes, R, de Barra, M, de Zoysa, P, Dorrough, A, Dvoryanchikov, N, Eller, A, Engelmann, JB, Euh, H, Fang, X, Fiedler, S, Foster-Gimbel, OA, Fülöp, M, Gardarsdottir, RB, Gill, CMHD, Glöckner, A, Graf, S, Grigoryan, A, Gritskov, V, Growiec, K, Halama, P, Hartanto, A, Hopthrow, T, Hřebíčková, M, Iliško, D, Imada, H, Kapoor, H, Kawakami, K, Khachatryan, N, Kharchenko, N, Khoury, N, Kiyonari, T, Kohút, M, Linh, LT, Leslie, LM, Li, Y, Li, NP, Li, Z, Liik, K, Maitner, AT, Manhique, B, Manley, H, Medhioub, I, Mentser, S, Mohammed, L, Nejat, P, Nipassa, O, Nussinson, R, Onyedire, NG, Onyishi, IE, Özden, S, Panagiotopoulou, P, Perez-Floriano, LR, Persson, MS, Pheko, M, Pirttilä-Backman, AM, Pogosyan, M, Raver, J, Reyna, C, Rodrigues, RB, Romanò, S, Romero, PP, Sakki, I, San Martin, A, Sherbaji, S, Shimizu, H, Simpson, B, Szabo, E, Takemura, K, Tieffi, H, Mendes Teixeira, ML, Thanomkul, N, Tiliouine, H, Travaglino, GA, Tsirbas, Y, Wan, R, Widodo, S, Zein, R, Zhang, QP, Zirganou-Kazolea, L & Van Lange, PAM 2021, 'Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies', Nature Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, 1481, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies

AU - Eriksson, Kimmo

AU - Strimling, Pontus

AU - Gelfand, Michele

AU - Wu, Junhui

AU - Abernathy, Jered

AU - Akotia, Charity S.

AU - Aldashev, Alisher

AU - Andersson, Per A.

AU - Andrighetto, Giulia

AU - Anum, Adote

AU - Arikan, Gizem

AU - Aycan, Zeynep

AU - Bagherian, Fatemeh

AU - Barrera, Davide

AU - Basnight-Brown, Dana

AU - Batkeyev, Birzhan

AU - Belaus, Anabel

AU - Berezina, Elizaveta

AU - Björnstjerna, Marie

AU - Blumen, Sheyla

AU - Boski, Paweł

AU - Bou Zeineddine, Fouad

AU - Bovina, Inna

AU - Huyen, Bui Thi Thu

AU - Cardenas, Juan Camilo

AU - Čekrlija, Đorđe

AU - Choi, Hoon Seok

AU - Contreras-Ibáñez, Carlos C.

AU - Costa-Lopes, Rui

AU - de Barra, Mícheál

AU - de Zoysa, Piyanjali

AU - Dorrough, Angela

AU - Dvoryanchikov, Nikolay

AU - Eller, Anja

AU - Engelmann, Jan B.

AU - Euh, Hyun

AU - Fang, Xia

AU - Fiedler, Susann

AU - Foster-Gimbel, Olivia A.

AU - Fülöp, Márta

AU - Gardarsdottir, Ragna B.

AU - Gill, C. M.Hew D.

AU - Glöckner, Andreas

AU - Graf, Sylvie

AU - Grigoryan, Ani

AU - Gritskov, Vladimir

AU - Growiec, Katarzyna

AU - Halama, Peter

AU - Hartanto, Andree

AU - Hopthrow, Tim

AU - Hřebíčková, Martina

AU - Iliško, Dzintra

AU - Imada, Hirotaka

AU - Kapoor, Hansika

AU - Kawakami, Kerry

AU - Khachatryan, Narine

AU - Kharchenko, Natalia

AU - Khoury, Ninetta

AU - Kiyonari, Toko

AU - Kohút, Michal

AU - Linh, Lê Thuỳ

AU - Leslie, Lisa M.

AU - Li, Yang

AU - Li, Norman P.

AU - Li, Zhuo

AU - Liik, Kadi

AU - Maitner, Angela T.

AU - Manhique, Bernardo

AU - Manley, Harry

AU - Medhioub, Imed

AU - Mentser, Sari

AU - Mohammed, Linda

AU - Nejat, Pegah

AU - Nipassa, Orlando

AU - Nussinson, Ravit

AU - Onyedire, Nneoma G.

AU - Onyishi, Ike E.

AU - Özden, Seniha

AU - Panagiotopoulou, Penny

AU - Perez-Floriano, Lorena R.

AU - Persson, Minna S.

AU - Pheko, Mpho

AU - Pirttilä-Backman, Anna Maija

AU - Pogosyan, Marianna

AU - Raver, Jana

AU - Reyna, Cecilia

AU - Rodrigues, Ricardo Borges

AU - Romanò, Sara

AU - Romero, Pedro P.

AU - Sakki, Inari

AU - San Martin, Alvaro

AU - Sherbaji, Sara

AU - Shimizu, Hiroshi

AU - Simpson, Brent

AU - Szabo, Erna

AU - Takemura, Kosuke

AU - Tieffi, Hassan

AU - Mendes Teixeira, Maria Luisa

AU - Thanomkul, Napoj

AU - Tiliouine, Habib

AU - Travaglino, Giovanni A.

AU - Tsirbas, Yannis

AU - Wan, Richard

AU - Widodo, Sita

AU - Zein, Rizqy

AU - Zhang, Qing peng

AU - Zirganou-Kazolea, Lina

AU - Van Lange, Paul A.M.

PY - 2021/3/5

Y1 - 2021/3/5

N2 - Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.

AB - Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85102198866&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

DO - 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9

M3 - Article

C2 - 33674587

AN - SCOPUS:85102198866

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 12

SP - 1

EP - 11

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

IS - 1

M1 - 1481

ER -

Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

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